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County in Iowa, United States

Iowa County is a county located in the U. S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,662. The county seat is Marengo. Iowa County is one of seven counties in the United States to share the same name as the state they are located in. The other six counties are Arkansas County, Hawaii County, Idaho County, New York County, Oklahoma County, and Utah County.

Iowa County was formed on February 17, 1843. It was named for the Iowa River, which flows through the county. The first courthouse was a log cabin built in 1847. This was rented by the county until 1850 when a second courthouse was completed. In 1861 construction of a third courthouse was begun. The current courthouse was built in 1892 after the county had outgrown the previous one. Iowa County is home to the Amana Colonies, a group of settlements of German Pietists, comprising seven villages. Calling themselves the Ebenezer Society or the Community of True Inspiration (German: die Gemeinde der wahren Inspiration), they first settled in New York state near Buffalo in what is now West Seneca. However, in order to live out their beliefs in more isolated surroundings they moved west, to Iowa County in 1855, living a communal life until the mid 1930s. Today, Amana is a major tourist attraction known mainly for its restaurants and craft shops, and the colonies as a whole have been listed as a National Historic Landmark since 1965.

According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 587 square miles (1,520 km2), of which 586 square miles (1,518 km2) is land and 1.0 square miles (3 km2) (0.2%) is water. The county is intersected by the Iowa River and the north fork of the English River.

The 2020 census recorded a population of 16,662 in the county, with a population density of 96.24% of the population reported being of one race. 90.48% were non Hispanic White, 0.67% were Black, 2.97% were Hispanic, 0.21% were Native American, 0.56% were Asian, 0.01% were Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander and 5.10% were some other race or more than one race. There were 7,341 housing units, of which 6,811 were occupied.

As of the census of 2000, there were 15,671 people, 6,163 households, and 4,301 families residing in the county. The population density was There were 6,545 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the county was 98.70% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 0.06% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.36% from other races, and 0.38% from two or more races. 0.97% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 6,163 households, out of which 32.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.10% were married couples living together, 6.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.20% were non families. 25.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.03. In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.40% under the age of 18, 6.30% from 18 to 24, 27.80% from 25 to 44, 22.40% from 45 to 64, and 17.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 95.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.20 males. The median income for a household in the county was $41,222, and the median income for a family was $48,946. Males had a median income of $31,220 versus $24,652 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,884. About 3.40% of families and 5.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.50% of those under age 18 and 5.40% of those age 65 or over.