1637-1638 жылдардағы оқиғалар мен жаңалықтар

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April 3 – Preacher John Wheelwright is banished from Boston and founds Exeter, New Hampshire. April 14 – The Netherlands colonizes Mauritius, with colonists from the ship Dragon going ashore after sighting it the day before, an event chronicled by British traveler Peter Mundy. April 15 – Shogunate forces defeat the last remnants of the Shimabara Rebellion, in the fortress of Hara. In the aftermath, suppression of Christianity is strictly enforced, Portuguese traders are expelled and Japan enters more than two centuries of isolationism. April 25 – Settlement of what will become New Haven, Connecticut begins. May 13 – Construction begins on the Red Fort in Delhi (India) for Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan who is transferring his capital there from Agra. May 23 – The Kandyan Treaty is signed between Singhala King Rajasimha II and the Dutch, to rid Ceylon of the Portuguese. June 20 – Eighty Years' War: Battle of Kallo – Spanish troops under Ferdinand of Austria defeat a much larger Dutch force, near Antwerp. June 27 – Patriarch Cyril of Constantinople is deposed for high treason, strangled and thrown into the sea by Janissaries, on Ottoman Sultan Murad IV's command.

July 16 – Thirty Years War: The siege of Saint Omer ends after almost two months as the French held Flemish city falls after being besieged by Spanish and German troops. July 20 – Scottish Covenanters meet at Muchalls Castle to compose a response to the 14 demands of the Bishops of Aberdeen. July 28 – Thirty Years War: Swedish Army Field Marshal Johan Banér begins a destructive campaign against the Duchy of Pomerania, held by the Holy Roman Empire. August 15 – The Portuguese expedition led by Pedro Teixeira completes the first ascent of the Amazon River, crossing the Quijos River and arriving at Quito in Ecuador soon after (the same trip had been made in the opposite direction, in 1541). August 22 – Franco Spanish War (1635–59): The Battle of Getaria is fought between the navies of France and Spain, with the French sinking all 17 Spanish Navy ships and killing 2,000 Spanish sailors and officers. August 27 – Tayyar Mehmed Pasha becomes the new Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire after Bayram Pasha dies while fighting in Baghdad. September 6 – The Finnish mail service, predecessor of Posti Group, is established. September 21 – The Treaty of Hartford is signed, ending the Pequot War between British American colonists and the Pequot. September – John Spofford arrives in Boston Harbor, on the ship John of London, and is one of the first people to establish Rowely, Essex County, Massachusetts.

October 21 – The Great Thunderstorm in Widecombe in the Moor, England: probable ball lightning strikes the parish church, killing 4 and injuring about 60. November 21 – The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is summoned to Glasgow, by King Charles I.
November 24 – New Haven, the first planned city in America, is founded when local Indians make a deed of Quinnipiac to Theophilus Eaton and other English settlers. December 18 – Cardinal Mazarin becomes the first adviser to French potentate Richelieu, on the death of Leclerc du Tremblay. December 21 – The full moon is in total eclipse from 1:12 to 2:47 UT, and the solstice occurs later in the day, at 16:05 UT. December 25 – Capture of Baghdad by the Ottomans under Sultan Murad IV.

Shipwrecked English buccaneer Peter Wallace, called Balis by the Spanish, settles near and perhaps gives his name to the Belize River, the first known European settlement in Belize. The Peking Gazette makes an official switch in its production process of newspapers, from woodblock printing to movable type printing (private newspapers in Ming dynasty China were first mentioned in 1582).

July 10 – David Teniers III, Flemish painter (d. 1685)
July 11 – Olympia Mancini, French courtier (d. 1708)
July 15 – Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani, Italian composer (d. 1693)
July 20 – Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve, leading Norwegian general during the Scanian War (d. 1704)
July 25 – Cristobal of Saint Catherine, Spanish Catholic priest (d. 1690)
August 3 – William Louis, Prince of Anhalt Köthen (1650–1665) (d. 1665)
August 6 – Nicolas Malebranche, French philosopher (d. 1715)
August 7 – John Tufton, 4th Earl of Thanet, English politician (d. 1680)
August 13 – Durgadas Rathore, Indian ruler (d. 1718)
August 15 – Pieter de Graeff, Dutch politician and noble (d. 1707)
August 22 – Georg Christoph Eimmart, German engraver (d. 1705)
September 5 – King Louis XIV of France, King of France from 1643 until his death (d. 1715)
September 10 – Maria Theresa of Spain, queen consort of Louis XIV of France (d. 1683)
September 19 – Isaac Milles, English minister (d. 1720)
September 20 – Antonio Gherardi, Italian painter (d. 1702)
September 21 – Philippe de Courcillon, French officer and author (d. 1720)
September 30 – Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus, Duke of Bavaria Leuchtenberg, German nobleman (d. 1705)

October 7 – Miguel Jerónimo de Molina, Spanish prelate, Bishop of Malta, then of Lleida in Catalonia (d. 1698)
October 14 – Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe Jena, German noble (d. 1678)
October 17 – John Charles, Count Palatine of Gelnhausen (1654–1704) (d. 1704)
October 21 – Lucia Wijbrants, Dutch artist (d. 1719)
October 31 – Meindert Hobbema, Dutch painter (d. 1709)
November 4 – Nuno Álvares Pereira de Melo, 1st Duke of Cadaval, Portuguese nobleman and statesman (d. 1725)
November 8 – Anton van Dale, Dutch minister (d. 1708)
November 22 – Christoph Cellarius, German classical scholar (d. 1707)
November 25 – Catherine of Braganza, Portuguese princess, queen consort of Charles II of England (d. 1705)
November 30 – Joachim Feller, German professor at the University of Leipzig (d. 1691)
December 17 – Anna Sophia II, Abbess of Quedlinburg (d. 1683)
December 24 – Tomás de la Cerda, 3rd Marquis of la Laguna, Spanish nobleman (d. 1692)
December 25 – Michel Bégon, French ancien regime official (d. 1710)

Hannah Allen, British writer (d. 1668)