Хуачжун ғылым және технология университеті туралы

Public research university in Wuhan, Hubei, China

The Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST; ) is a public university in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 985, Project 211, and the Double First Class Construction.

In 1952, the Central Government of China sought to construct a new higher education system for the rapid development of economy, science and technology after Chinese Civil War. Three technical institutes were planned to be established in Wuhan, including Huazhong Institute of Technology (HIT, 华中工学院), South Central China Institute of Power Engineering (中南动力学院) and South Central China Institute of Water Conservancy and Electric Power (中南水利学院). In March 1953, the institute's charter was signed by the South Central China Government under the approval of the Central Government of China. In the original planning, the land south of the Yujia Hill was chosen for the three campuses. Physicist 查谦 was appointed as chair of the three institute initiative. Economist Zhang Peigang was appointed as chief in planning to lead the HIT initiative. In June 1953, the land south of the East Lake was chosen as the campus of South Central China Institute of Water Conservancy and Electric Power. The same year, the South Central China government decided not to establish an independent South Central China Institute of Power Engineering. All the programs related to power engineering were administered by Huazhong Institute of Technology. The institute formally opened on October 15, 1953.

All the programs and departments at HIT were organized and formed from the programs related to electrical engineering, power engineering, electricity and mechanical engineering in Wuhan University, Hunan University, Guangxi University and South China Institute of Technology. HIT's first classes were held in spaces at those institutions. There were eight undergraduate programs, 314 full time faculty members and 2,639 undergraduate students at that time. The first president is physicist Qian Zha, Dean of School of Engineering of Wuhan University. The first provost is Gancai Liu. In 1960, HIT was evaluated to be a national key university under the direct administration of the Ministry of Education of China.

In 1971, most of the Wuhan Mechanical Institute (武汉机械学院) was merged into the institute. Six departments were established. There were 20 undergraduate programs, 1,097 faculty members. The number of undergraduate students reached to 6,087.

Graduate students began to be enrolled in 1978, and in 1984, the institute became one of 22 universities to be approved by the State Council to establish a graduate school. By approval of the State Education Committee, the institute was renamed Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST, 华中理工大学) in 1988.

With China's global strategy and the reform of the economy, HUST led a series of pivotal reforms among technical institutions in China. HUST is the first technical school to establish the Department of Journalism and Communication, the Department of Economics, and Department of Literature, and to host nationwide lectures in humanities.

On May 26, 2000, the former Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan Urban Construction Institute (武汉城市建设学院), and Wuhan Science and Technology Vocational College (科技部干部管理学院) combined to form the new Huazhong University of Science and Technology (华中科技大学); the Chinese name was changed, but the English name remained the same.

The history of Tongji Medical College can be traced back to 1907 when Tongji German Medical School was founded by Erich Paulun in Shanghai. The name Tongji suggests cooperating by riding the same boat. In 1927, with the development of the institution, it expanded to include engineering programs. After the establishment of National Tongji University in 1927, the Tongji Medical College was affiliated to the university as one of the schools. In 1950, the medical school was moved to Wuhan from Shanghai and merged with Wuhan University School of Medicine to become South Central China Tongji Medical College. The college was later renamed as Wuhan College of Medicine in 1955, as Tongji Medical University in 1985, and as Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 2000.

Huazhong University of Science and Technology has two campuses: Main Campus at Wuchang and Tongji Medical Campus at Hankou. The area of single campus is more than 7000 mu. The campus reaches 72% green rate and thus is also known as "Forest University".

Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, one of Top 4 magnetic field centers in the world, Top 1 in Asia. Precision gravity measurement research facility, known as "World Gravity Center" by the international physics circle, measuring the most accurate gravitational constant in 2018.

In ESI ranking in January 2021, Huazhong University of Science and Technology is ranked in 183rd in the world, and 9th among all the Double First Class Construction in China. The numbers of top 1‰ and 1% disciplines of HUST in the world are 4 and 16 respectively. Top 1‰ disciplines include Engineering, Computer Science, Materials Science and Clinic Medicine. Top 1% disciplines include Engineering, Computer Science, Materials Science, Clinic Medicine, Chemistry, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Biology & Biochemistry, Physics, Neuroscience & Behavior, Social Sciences, Molecular Biology & Genetics, Mathematics, Environment/Ecology, Agricultural Sciences, Botany and Zoology.

HUST consistently features in the global top 200 research universities according to some of the most widely cited university rankings in the world such as ShanghaiRanking's Academic Ranking of World Universities, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, and the U. S. News & World Report Best Global University Ranking. 2023 Academic Ranking of World Universities: 89th in the world, 15th in Asia, and 8th in China. 2023 U. S. News & World Report Best Global University Ranking (U. S. News): 109th in the world, 15th in Asia and 6th in China. 2019 Academic Ranking of World Universities: 101–150th in the world, 11th in Asia, and 5th–8th in China. 2018 China University Ranking issued by Wu Shulian: the 8th in China. 2020 China University Ranking issued by Wu Shulian: the 7th in China. 2015 Best Chinese Universities Ranking issued by Shanghai Ranking Consultancy: the 9th in China. 2022 Best Chinese Universities Ranking issued by Shanghai Ranking Consultancy: the 8th in China.

There are four libraries at HUST: the Old Library, the Shaw Library (New Library), the Medical Library and the Architecture Library. The Old Library and the Shaw Library are located in the center of main campus. The Old Library was designed and constructed in Soviet Union style in the 1950s. It plays a major role in book circulation and conference hosting. It also provides classrooms for audio video teaching program and some group study programs. The first floor of the east wing is the Center for Reader's Services, which is a branch of University Bookstore System. The Shaw Library was donated by Sir Run Run Shaw and built in the 1990s. It has more than 30 reading rooms, including Chinese/English social sciences reading rooms, Chinese/English natural sciences reading rooms, Chinese/English archive reading rooms and electronic journal reading rooms. It also houses a multi media center and a major branch of Center for Computing & Networking. Medical Library is located in Tongji Medical Campus in Hankou. It provides the same services to the medical students as the libraries in main campus. The Architecture Library is on the east side of the main campus. It accommodates books and journals in architecture and urban planning. The University Libraries have a total collection of 3.49 million volumes.

HUST men's basketball team won the national championship (CUBA) in 2004. HUST men's team also won fourth place in CUBA 1999. HUST women's basketball team lost the national champion title and won the second places in WCUBA 2005 and 2006, respectively.

Li Ting, HUST Class 2006, tennis player, Gold Medal Winner at the 2004 Summer Olympics in women's doubles. Li Na, HUST Class 2005, tennis player, Winner of Australian Open (2014) and French Open (2011), highest world ranking for Singles: No. 2.

Bei Shizhang, elected in 1955, Tongji Med BS (1921). Liang Boqiang, elected in 1955, Pathologist, Tongji Med BS (1922). Qiu Fazu, elected in 1993, Senior Member of CAS, Tongji Med BS (1936). Wu Mengchao, elected in 1991, 2005 National Supreme Science and Technology Awardee, Tongji Med BS (1949). Yang Shuzi, elected in 1991, HUST BS (1956). Fang Fuquan (方复全), elected in 2017, Vice President of Capital Normal University, HUST BS (1986).

Zhou Ji, elected in 1999, President of Chinese Academy of Engineering, foreign member of National Academy of Engineering (US), HUST MS (1980). Hou Yunde, National Supreme Science and Technology Awardee (2018), Vice president of Chinese Academy of Engineering, HUST Tongji Med BS (1955). Li Dequn (李德群), elected in 2015, HUST MS (1980). Ma Ding (马丁), elected in 2017, HUST Tongji Med BS (1982), MS (1986), Ph. D. (1990). Luo Xiwen (罗锡文), elected in 2009, Vice president of South China Agricultural University, HUST BS (1969). You Zheng (尤政), elected in 2013, Vice president of Tsinghua University, HUST BS (1985), MS (1987), Ph. D. (1990). Wu Weiren (吴伟仁), elected in 2015, Chief Designer of Lunar Exploration Engineering, HUST Ph. D. (2004). Zou Xuexiao (邹学校), elected in 2017, President of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, HUST Ph. D. (2002).