Питтсбургтағы WTAE телеарнасының тарихы

ABC affiliate in Pittsburgh

WTAE TV (channel 4) is a television station in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, affiliated with ABC. It has been owned by Hearst Television since the station's inception, making this one of two stations that have been built and signed on by Hearst (alongside company flagship WBAL TV in Baltimore). WTAE TV's studios are located on Ardmore Boulevard (PA 8) in the suburb of Wilkinsburg (though with a Pittsburgh mailing address), and its transmitter is located in Buena Vista, Pennsylvania.

WTAE TV began broadcasting on September 14, 1958; the station has been Pittsburgh's ABC affiliate since its sign on. Pittsburgh had only one major commercial television station for close to a decade—DuMont owned WDTV (channel 2, now KDKA TV), which signed on in 1949 and carried programs from all four television networks (DuMont, ABC, NBC and CBS). Further development of stations in Pittsburgh was halted by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)'s freeze on license awards, which ran from 1948 until 1952. Even after the freeze was lifted by the FCC, new VHF stations in Pittsburgh were held back to give the smaller cities in the Upper Ohio Valley a chance to get on the owing to VHF band limitations. Several months after the freeze was lifted, two UHF stations in Pittsburgh, WENS TV (channel 16, now WINP TV) and WKJF TV (channel 53, now WPGH TV), went on the air. For technical and financial reasons, both stations were short lived. Meanwhile, revisions to the VHF allocation had given the Pittsburgh area three additional channels—4, 11, and 13, the latter reserved for non commercial educational purposes. The channel 4 frequency on which WTAE TV began operations during the analog television era was originally allocated to suburban McKeesport, in Allegheny County; other official documents have listed the community of license as Irwin, in Westmoreland County. Hearings on the channel 4 permit opened in 1955, and it was originally granted by the FCC to KQV radio in 1956. Hearst and the other three applicants that lost petitioned the FCC to re open the permit hearings following the death of KQV co owner Irwin D. Wolf. The subsequent reconsideration awarded channel 4 to Hearst. The agency's commissioners were divided on how to break the stalemate to the satisfaction of both winning parties, and suggested a merger between Hearst and the KQV group, who sold their radio station to ABC to appease FCC cross ownership restrictions. Together, both firms became equal partners in Television City, Inc., under which ownership WTAE TV went on the air. Hearst would purchase the remaining 50 percent of the station in 1962. WTAE TV is the only Pittsburgh television station affiliated with a major network not to have changed ownership. Shortly before the station signed on, the FCC moved the channel 4 assignment to Pittsburgh proper following several years of petitioning by then Pittsburgh mayor (and future Governor of Pennsylvania) David L. Lawrence. However, the FCC changed its rules so that channel 4 could have based its main studio in Pittsburgh, even if it had been licensed to McKeesport or Irwin. The station's original ownership group's connections with powerful U. S. Senator from Florida, George Smathers led to televised U. S. House hearings with both Lawrence and Smathers testifying in 1958. WTAE TV was thus short spaced to other channel 4 stations in Columbus, Ohio; Oak Hill, West Virginia; Buffalo, New York; and Washington, D. C.; the transmitter was located southeast of the city as a result of the move. Shortly after signing on, WTAE TV was briefly affiliated with the NTA Film Network, sharing the affiliation with KDKA TV, WIIC TV (now WPXI), and WQED. WTAE TV first adopted the "Circle 4" logo in 1973, eventually adopting the current version in 1995. Due to the design and similar callsigns, the logo has received comparisons to fellow ABC affiliate WATE TV in Knoxville, Tennessee, who has used the "Circle 6" logo since 2011. Aside from the ABC affiliation, the two stations are not related. In 2012, the "Circle 4" logo surpassed KDKA TV's Group W era logo that in various forms was used from 1965 to 2003 for the longest used station logo on Pittsburgh television. WOTV in southwestern Michigan uses a similar device for its "channel 4" logo. On April 24, 1980, WTAE TV personality Nick Perry, who hosted Bowling for Dollars and also called the lottery drawings for the Pennsylvania Lottery, fixed the Lottery's daily numbers drawing so that it would come up as "6 6 6". Perry served jail time, and the drawings were moved to WHP TV in Harrisburg a year later. This resulted in lotteries now being audited and monitored with "witnesses" from the government and/or accounting firms, and also inspired the movie Lucky Numbers. KDKA TV aired the Lottery drawings in the Pittsburgh market after this incident until 2009, when they moved back to WTAE TV. In April 1985, WTAE TV became the only station in the United States to transmit the World Wrestling Federation's WrestleMania event free over the air, after a technical glitch prematurely ended the event's closed circuit broadcast from the Civic Arena. In 1986, WTAE TV partnered with The Salvation Army and started Project Bundle Up, an operation to make sure that children and seniors receive warm clothing. WTAE TV has run the Project Bundle Up Auction where local businesses donate products to be auctioned off, and the Project Bundle Up Telethon, where viewers call in to donate money. Businesses donate money and all of their proceeds from the auction and telethon to benefit the Salvation Army. In 2007, WTAE TV moved the auction to the Internet. In early 2001, Hearst bought Clarksburg, West Virginia–based NBC affiliate WBOY TV, which has a significant signal overlap with WTAE TV (a year earlier, the FCC began to allow companies to own television stations with overlapping coverage areas). However, Hearst decided to sell WBOY TV to West Virginia Media Holdings in September of that year after less than a year of ownership; that station is now owned by Nexstar Media Group, who to this day does not own or operate a station serving Pittsburgh. In June 2011, a WTAE TV staff photographer was charged with a sexual crime when an alleged victim stated that the photographer had inappropriate physical contact with her. The photographer arrived in a WTAE TV news vehicle with station equipment and claimed he was doing an interview, although WTAE TV management claims that he was not on duty at the time—even though he was using station resources. In the early years, Channel 4 was best known in the market for its locally originated entertainment programming, including popular early program late night movie show Shock Theatre, which was hosted by former Pittsburgh radio disc jockey Bob Drews, who portrayed Sir Rodger (often misspelled as Sir Roger). Shock Theatre featured monster movies such as The Invisible Man and Frankenstein in between live action comedic skits. By the 1970s, WTAE TV was running a mix of cartoons and sitcoms from 6:30 to 9 am, a local talk show, some ABC shows, more cartoons and off network sitcoms in the afternoon, news and some first run shows in the evening, and ABC prime time programming.

Owing to parent company Hearst's 20% minority stake in ESPN, WTAE TV has the right of first refusal for Monday Night Football games featuring the Pittsburgh Steelers; the station has aired all MNF games since the program's inception in 1970, even though the program moved from ABC to ESPN after the 2005 season. The station aired the Steelers' Super Bowl XL victory in 2006, which was the last NFL game aired on ABC until the 2015 Wild Card game. WTAE TV also aired select Pittsburgh Pirates games via ABC's MLB broadcast contract from 1976 to 1989, including the team's 1979 World Series championship. WTAE TV serves as the over the air television provider for the Pittsburgh Penguins via ESPN/ABC's NHL broadcasting contract from 2022 to 2028.

Although it was the only ABC affiliate in the region when it signed on at the time, WTAE TV preempted and/or delayed a considerable amount of ABC programming, most notably some of its daytime lineup from the 1960s to the late 1990s. WTAE TV did not begin running Good Morning America until December 1978, and only aired an hour of the program until 1980. One Life to Live did not run on WTAE TV from its 1968 debut up until 1978, when the soap opera expanded to an hour long format. Another soap opera, The Edge of Night, was aired at 10 a. m. on a delay from December 2, 1975 (the day after its relocation from CBS to ABC) until August 13, 1982. From 1969 to 1971, and again from 1974 to 1979, ABC shows that were not broadcast on channel 4 ended up airing instead on WPGH TV. After 1980, some of these shows ran on WPTT (channel 22, now WPNT). WTAE TV also preempted the Sunday morning ABC children's programming block the entire time ABC offered it, as well as a couple of hours of ABC's Saturday morning cartoons until 1979. WTAE TV ran syndicated cartoons in place of the network supplied children's programs, while the preempted Saturday morning network programs (including American Bandstand) aired on WPGH during that time. By the 1980s, WTAE TV was running many of the top rated off network syndicated sitcoms from 4 to 6 pm. By 1990, WTAE TV was beginning to focus more on news, and in 1992 dropped the entire ABC Saturday morning cartoon lineup for a 4½ hour newscast (which WPXI was also doing, beginning in 1990). WTAE TV also expanded its midday newscast to an hour and dropped The Home Show during 1991. Loving was dropped from the daytime lineup in January 1991 and moved to overnights, then dropped from the schedule altogether in 1992. Later in the decade, WTAE TV also did not carry Mike and Maty or The City. WTAE TV began carrying Port Charles in January 1998, but dropped the show entirely in September 2000, three years shy of its cancellation by ABC, and replaced it with Judge Hatchett, which itself was replaced by Access Hollywood in 2004. Beginning in 1996, WTAE TV began running two hours of the ABC Saturday cartoon lineup on Sunday mornings, a half hour on Saturday mornings, and a half hour at 12:30 pm. In 1997, the station cut back its Saturday morning newscast to three hours at 7 to 10 a. m. and began running three hours of the ABC children's lineup from 10 a. m. to 1 pm. Today, though it still offers a news intensive schedule, WTAE TV clears the entire ABC lineup. Viewers and ABC had also begun to clamor for The View, which premiered in 1997 to acclaim and success compared to ABC's past late morning programs (and was also under the network's full editorial control), to air in Pittsburgh at its prescribed time. WTAE had continued to delay The View to late night until March 27, 2000, when it began to air in its proper 11 a. m. time slot. WTAE TV was one of many ABC stations that preempted the special showing of Saving Private Ryan in late 2004 due to concerns that the FCC would impose a fine on them if they had aired the World War II–set movie due to the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy earlier that year. The station, along with other Hearst owned ABC affiliated stations, aired the 1992 film Far and Away instead. Youngstown, Ohio ABC affiliate WYTV still aired Saving Private Ryan, giving viewers in the northern and western portions of WTAE TV's viewing area the option of watching the film. It was later determined that the movie's broadcast was not a violation of FCC regulations.

WTAE TV presently broadcasts 43 hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with 6½ hours on weekdays, five hours on Saturdays and 5½ hours on Sundays). Like its NBC rival, WPXI, Channel 4 was not a major player in terms of news coverage in its early years, as the Pittsburgh market was dominated by KDKA TV and anchor Bill Burns. That changed, however, in 1969, when longtime KDKA radio and TV newscaster Paul Long joined WTAE TV, along with his KDKA meteorologist sidekick Joe DeNardo. WTAE TV was also known for the "legendary" news crew of Paul Long and Don Cannon from the late 1960s into the 1990s. Sports has also been a major division at WTAE TV. In 1972, WTAE TV sportscaster Myron Cope, thanks to a phone call from a local female fan, introduced the phrase "The Immaculate Reception" to describe Franco Harris' miraculous, running shoestring catch that gave the Pittsburgh Steelers a 13–7 playoff victory over the Oakland Raiders (Cope chuckled at the woman's call, and responded, "I'm not sure I can say that!" Cope figured out an innocuous way to introduce the phrase on air, prefacing the remark by saying, "It comes from a good Christian lady.") WTAE TV and its channel 4 logo was immortalized in the 1979 basketball comedy film The Fish That Saved Pittsburgh, whose fictional sportscaster Murray Sports (played by Harry Shearer) was also patterned after Cope. The last sports director was Andrew Stockey, who left the position in 2006 to become a news anchor. However, in 2011, he returned to head the sports department. Along with Stockey, the sports department consists of Guy Junker, Ryan Recker, and Bill Hillgrove (Steeler Insider) as of 2013. In the fall of 1990, WTAE gave Pittsburgh its first 5 a. m. newscast and expanded its one hour morning newscast to two hours, shifting the starting time from 6 a. m. to 5. The move took place the same day KDKA expanded its half hour morning newscast to an hour and started it at 6 am. As it gained news in the morning, WTAE lost news at noon. The station's noon news (it was brought back in early 1992) and the resumption of a noon newscast meant Channel 4 had gone full circle in a very short time. It had dropped the noon news and plugged the slot with the short lived game show The Challengers (which only lasted one season) and Graham Kerr's cooking program (which lasted one season as well) before Good Day Pittsburgh. In June 1992, the station expanded its news production, adding a Saturday morning newscast from 8 a. m. to 12:30 p. m. (matching WPXI's Saturday morning newscast of the then same length, which began in 1990) and a three hour Sunday morning newscast. The station also extended its weekday early evening newscast to begin at 5 pm, and began to air a weekday morning newscast from 5 to 7 am. In 1997, the station expanded its Sunday morning newscast by an hour and began to air its Saturday morning newscast from 6 to 10 a. m.

In 2002, Jean Connelly became the first woman from Western Pennsylvania to be inducted into the Pennsylvania Broadcasters Hall of Fame. In doing so, she joined ranks with Paul Long, David Crantz, and Fred Young. Connelly is famous for producing and hosting her own talk show, The Jean Connelly Show. WTAE TV unveiled a new set designed by FX Group during the 5 p. m. newscast on September 4, 2007. That year, WTAE TV debuted a YouTube channel, which features stories featured on channel 4's newscasts. On September 15, 2008, WTAE TV became the second station in the market to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition. Field reports continued to be broadcast in 4:3 standard definition until September 2011, when field reports began to be broadcast in 16:9 SD. At the end of 2011, WTAE TV on air talent took to both Twitter and Facebook to voice their opinions about unfair treatment by management. The Pittsburgh Post Gazette reported that WTAE TV's on air staff claimed it was being denied severance benefits for employees fired without cause, a minimum salary scale, overtime pay for work hours totaling more than eight hours a day, retirement benefits equalling those of other employees at the station, and consideration for unscheduled call outs, split shifts and work on the sixth consecutive day and thereafter. Former general manager Michael Hayes stated that bargaining had been taking place in good faith. An online petition was launched in support of the anchors, reporters, meteorologists, and sportscasters.

On April 28, 2016, WTAE became the third television station in the Pittsburgh DMA to launch a new studio set in Studio B of the WTAE Studios. The design focuses heavily on the use of video monitors, Pittsburgh culture, and HD lighting.

On January 6, 2016, WTAE announced that the station will add a 7 p. m. newscast on subchannel 4.2 beginning February 1. The newscast will be hosted by current weekend morning anchor Jackie Cain and chief meteorologist Mike Harvey. "We understand viewers are constantly looking for news, no matter what time of the day," said WTAE President & general manager Charles W. Wolfertz III. "Our new 7 p. m. newscast will give viewers more options to get news and weather information when they want it. Whether it's on our traditional broadcast station, on line, or on a mobile device, WTAE Channel 4 is always looking for more ways to make it convenient for our viewers to get the local news and weather that's important to them."

In June 2013, WTAE TV announced that longtime anchor Sally Wiggin would host WTAE Chronicle, a series of hour long news specials dedicated to in depth reporting on relevant topics to Pittsburgh and Western Pennsylvania. The format was lifted from Boston sister station WCVB TV, where their Chronicle has been on the air since 1982, albeit in the form of a weeknight, half hour news magazine. Wiggin shifted from her role as anchor of WTAE TV's noon newscast to focus on WTAE Chronicle and additional station projects. Chronicle debuted on WTAE TV in March 2013, with a report from Vatican City on the election of Pope Francis. The second edition focused on the importance of "The Point"—the iconic area of downtown Pittsburgh where the three rivers meet. The third edition of Chronicle aired on December 3, 2013 ("Concussions & Our Kids") which focused on brain injuries in youth sports; and the fourth installment aired on March 25 called "Living Like Lou" a special on Pittsburghers with ALS. The original broadcast was accompanied simultaneously with a one hour telethon to raise funds for ALS assistance; it resulted in over $130,000 raised. A fifth edition debuted on September 15 right after the season premiere of Dancing with the Stars called Chronicle: The New Pittsburgh. It focused on the rebirth and growth of Pittsburgh in the past twenty years. The sixth edition was centered on the highly debated topic around fracking or natural gas drilling in Western Pennsylvania. The edition titled "Drilling Down" was the first look at the topic from three perspectives: the drilling companies, the protesters, and the communities impacted by the wells. The seventh edition called Chronicle: Taste of the 'Burgh was aired to massive ratings and focused on Pittsburgh's growing "Foodie" culture, its impact on the local economy, employment, and national attention. It is the highest viewed Chronicle to date. The eighth edition of Chronicle called "Burning Questions" dealt with the ongoing issue in Western Pennsylvania local fire departments failing to meet the national standards for fire response times. It consisted of a four month long investigation, laying the foundation for a comprehensive, eye opening look at the challenges for first responders. This installment of Chronicle examines how volunteers are struggling to make do with a 200 year old system, putting our communities at risk. It was high profile installment that opened up discussions with the state, regional, and local leaders to help solve the problem. The ratings for it won the night. Chronicle: After War, the ninth installment of the series, examined the life of Western Pennsylvania's military men, women and their families after the battle has ended. Local combat veterans are now struggling to find jobs while adjusting to family life and their physical disabilities. America's longest war has ended, and a new generation of veterans is transitioning to life at home. The online live video stream was picked up veterans organizations around the country and the highest watched Chronicle to date. Chronicle: Dog Stories, the tenth installment of the series, dove into Pittsburgh's love affair with dogs, from the ones that protect us at home and overseas to the shelter culture here in the 'Burgh. It also looked at the shelter culture in Pittsburgh and how humans and dogs have worked together to form an incredible bond. All ten were ratings hits in the Pittsburgh television market.

As of October 2013, WTAE TV launched its new helicopter, carrying over the name "Sky 4". This new aircraft is the most technologically advanced news gathering helicopter in the region; capable of flying higher, faster, and longer than any other news helicopter in the market.

WTAE TV was the first of two Pittsburgh television stations (along with WPXI) to have its newscasts available on the NewsON app due in part to its ownership group, Hearst Television, being a founding member of the NewsON group.

WTAE news anchor Wendy Bell was fired in March 2016 after posting comments following the 2016 Wilkinsburg shooting, including: "You needn't be a criminal profiler to draw a mental sketch of the killers who broke so many hearts two weeks ago Wednesday they are young black men." WTAE TV's president and general manager publicly apologized for the incident on air. Two black males were arrested and charged, but not convicted of the murders. Bell sued her former employer, Hearst Communications, claiming "she wouldn't have been fired for her comments if she were not white". The terms of an out of court settlement were not disclosed, though Bell said she "was satisfied". Bell has since become a controversial conservative talk radio host with runs at KDKA and WJAS, expressing skepticism regarding COVID 19 vaccinations and the validity of the 2020 presidential election.

WTAE TV signed on its high definition digital signal on December 3, 1998. WTAE TV shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 4, on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal continued to broadcast on its pre transition UHF channel 51, using virtual channel 4. WTAE TV operates a 15 kilowatt digital broadcast translator on channel 22 to cover portions of the northern Pittsburgh area which were unable to receive channel 4's digital signal. WTAE TV had to wait for WPMY, which had been operating in analog nightlight mode after terminating regular programming on analog UHF channel 22 on the original February 17 deadline, to leave the channel entirely on March 19 before operating it.

At various times, WTAE TV has also served as the default ABC affiliate for the neighboring Johnstown–Altoona, Wheeling–Steubenville, and Clarksburg–Weston television markets (all of which could receive WTAE TV as a grade B signal). With WTAE TV having long been one of ABC's strongest affiliates, both parties reportedly resisted efforts by other television stations in those cities to obtain a full time ABC affiliation. Since then, one station was eventually granted affiliation in Altoona (WATM TV), while WBOY TV in Clarksburg and WTRF TV in Wheeling began carrying ABC programs through digital subchannel affiliations in August 2008 on WBOY DT2 (Your ABC) and WTRF DT3 (ABC Ohio Valley), respectively. WTAE TV remains available on cable in all three markets. In addition to those areas, WTAE TV can also be seen on several out of market cable systems throughout northwestern and central Pennsylvania, and several locations in eastern and northeast Ohio.