Манассас қаласы: тарихы мен географиясы

Independent city in Virginia, United States

Manassas (/m//ə/'/n//æ//s//ə//s/), formerly Manassas Junction, is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. The population was 42,772 at the 2020 Census. It is the county seat of Prince William County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. Manassas borders the independent city of Manassas Park, Virginia. The Bureau of Economic Analysis includes both Manassas and Manassas Park with Prince William County for statistical purposes. Manassas contains several historic sites dating from 1850 to 1870. Manassas surrounds the county courthouse, which is located on county property. Manassas is part of the Washington Arlington Alexandria, DC VA MD WV Metropolitan Statistical Area and is in the Northern Virginia region.

In July 1861, the First Battle of Bull Run—also known as the Battle of First Manassas —was fought nearby, the first major land battle of the American Civil War. Manassas commemorated its 150th anniversary on July 21–24, 2011. The Second Battle of Bull Run (or the Battle of Second Manassas) was fought near Manassas on August 28–30, 1862. At that time, Manassas Junction was little more than a railroad crossing, but a strategic one, with rails leading to Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D. C., and the Shenandoah Valley. Despite these two Confederate victories, Manassas Junction was in Union hands for most of the war. Following the war, the crossroads grew into the town of Manassas, which was incorporated in 1873. In 1894, Manassas was designated the county seat of Prince William County, replacing Brentsville. In 1975, Manassas was incorporated as an independent city, and as per Virginia law, was separated from Prince William County. Manassas is home to Annaburg, built in 1892 by Robert Portner as a summer home. It is believed to be one of the first homes in the United States to have mechanical air conditioning. Annaburg was purchased by the City of Manassas in July 2019 to be restored and preserved as a public park. The Manassas Historic District; Liberia, a plantation house; the Manassas Water Tower; the Cannon Branch Fort; the Mayfield Fortification; the Manassas Industrial School for Colored Youth; and Annaburg are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Manassas is mainly served by I 66, U. S. 29, Virginia State Route 234 Business and Virginia State Route 28. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.9 square miles (26 km2), of which 9.9 square miles (26 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0 km2) (0.5%) is water.

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Manassas has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. Average monthly temperatures range from in January to in July. The local hardiness zone is 7a.

The major roads into and out of Manassas are Virginia State Route 28, Virginia State Route 234 and Virginia State Route 234 Business. I 66 and US 29 service Manassas, but neither passes through the city itself.

Manassas Regional Airport is within the city limits. It is the busiest general aviation airport in Virginia, with more than 415 aircraft and 26 businesses based onsite, including charter companies, avionics, maintenance, flight schools and aircraft services. Between 2019 and 2021 APP Jet Center, a jet servicing company, built three new hangars fit for larger private planes along with extensive renovations to their existing hangars.

Manassas began life as Manassas Junction, so named for the railroad junction between the Orange and Alexandria Railroad and the Manassas Gap Railroad. The O&A owned the railway from Alexandria through Manassas to points south, ending in Orange, Virginia, while the MGRR was an independent line constructed from Manassas Junction through the Manassas Gap westward. In addition Manassas was the site of the first large scale military use of railroad transportation. These original routes are now owned by the Norfolk Southern railroad. Amtrak and the Virginia Railway Express (VRE) provide regular inter city and commuter service to the city and surrounding area on the tracks owned by NS. Manassas station is served by VRE and three Amtrak routes: the New York City to Chicago Cardinal, Boston to Roanoke Northeast Regional, and New York to New Orleans Crescent. The train station was also used for the cover photo of Stephen Stills' album Manassas.

A season 6 episode of the Discovery Channel series A Haunting, called Marked by Evil, takes place in Manassas in 2008 2011. Portions of the music video for the Steve Winwood song "Back in the High Life Again" were filmed at the train station in Manassas. In episode three of Marvel’s “What if ?” Manassas, Virginia is featured as Natasha Romanoff travels to a library. In crime drama Criminal Minds, BAU profiler Aaron Hotchner (Thomas Gibson) is from Manassas. Country rock supergroup Manassas, led by Stephen Stills and former Byrd Chris Hillman, took their name from the city, and the cover photo of their self titled debut was taken at the Manassas Train Station.