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Richmond is a home class city in KY and the county seat of Madison County, Kentucky, United States. It is named after Richmond, Virginia, and is home to Eastern Kentucky University. With close proximity to Lexington, Richmond is considered by many to be a great place to live. It has an average high cost of living compared to other areas. The population was 36,826 as of 2023. Richmond is the fourth largest city in the Bluegrass region (after Louisville, Lexington and Georgetown) and the state's seventh largest city. It is the ninth largest population center in the state with a Micropolitan population of 106,864. The city serves as the center for work and shopping for south central Kentucky, with many local and chain options alike. Richmond KY is home to numerous festivals, notably the Millstone Festival. In addition, Richmond is the principal city of the Richmond Berea, Kentucky Micropolitan Area, which includes all of Madison and Rockcastle counties.

Richmond was founded in 1798 by Colonel John Miller from Richmond, Virginia. A British American, Miller served with the rebels in the Revolutionary War. According to lore, he was attracted to the area by its good spring water and friendly Native Americans. Richmond was incorporated in 1809. Kentucky was a southern border state during the Civil War and remained mostly in the Union, even though early in the war, 68 of 110 Kentucky counties seceded to join the Confederacy; however, the state largely came back under U. S. control after early 1862. On August 30, 1862, the Battle of Richmond took place. Confederate General Edmund Kirby Smith routed the Union General William Nelson, capturing or killing 5,300 of his 6,500 men. One historian called this battle "the nearest thing to a Cannae ever scored by any general, North or South, in the course of the whole war." In 1906, Eastern Kentucky State Normal School was founded in Richmond to train teachers. The school graduated its first class of 11 teachers in 1909. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Richmond saw significant growth, becoming the state's seventh largest city in 2009.

Richmond is located in Madison County in the Bluegrass region of the state. The Blue Grass Army Depot lies to the southeast of the city. The city is served by Interstate 75, U. S. Routes 25 and 421, and Kentucky Routes 52, 169 and 388. I 75 runs to the west of downtown, with access from exits 83, 87, and 90. Via I 75, downtown Lexington, Kentucky is 25 mile (40 km) northwest, and Knoxville, Tennessee is 147 mile (237 km) south. U. S. Route 25 forms the eastern bypass around the city, leading northwest to Lexington and south 14 mile (23 km) to Berea. U. S. Route 421 parallels U. S. 25 on the eastern bypass of the city, leading northwest to Lexington (with U. S. 25 and I 75) and southeast 34 mile (55 km) to McKee. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 19.2 square miles (50 km2), of which 19.1 square miles (49 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0 km2)(0.73%) is water.

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Richmond has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

As of the census of 2000, there were 27,152 people, 10,795 households, and 5,548 families residing in the city. The population density was There were 11,857 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the city was 88.30% White, 8.27% African American, 0.29% Native American, 1.09% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.43% from other races, and 1.58% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.21% of the population. There were 13,351 households, out of which 24.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.2% were married couples living together, 12.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.6% were non families. 34.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.78. In the city, the population was spread out, with 17.5% under the age of 18, 31.7% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 13.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.8 males. The median household income in Richmond is $63,295 as of 2023.

Richmond operates under a council–manager government. The citizens elect a mayor and four city commissioners who form the Board of Commissioners. The Board of Commissioners is the legislative body of the city government and represents the interests of the citizens when applicable. The Board of Commissioners appoints a city manager, who administers the day to day operations of the city. The mayor is elected for a term of four years. Each city commissioner is elected for a term of two years. The term of the city manager is indefinite.

Richmond is served by the Madison County Public School System. In 1988 the Richmond Independent School District merged into the Madison County school district.

Richmond has a lending library, a branch of the Madison County Public Library.

The Richmond Register is published on Tuesday through Saturday publication. The Eastern Progress is a weekly student publication of Eastern Kentucky University

Interstate 75 passes through western Richmond, and connects the city to Lexington in the north and Knoxville, Tennessee in the south. I 75 has three exits in the city: U. S. Route 25, State Route 876, and S. R. 2872. Richmond is located on a concurrency with U. S. Route 25 and 421. The two routes run north to Lexington and diverge approximately five miles south of the city. U. S. 25 connects the city to Berea and Mount Vernon in the south. U. S. 421 connects to McKee in the south east. State Route 52 connects to Lancaster in the west and Irvine in the east. State Route 169 heads northwest toward Nicholasville. State Route 388 runs north of the city to the north end of the county and Boonesborough. State Route 876 serves as a bypass around the business district of the city and heads west toward Kentucky Route 595, which continues to Round Hill and Kirksville. State Route 1156 heads northeast and connects with State Route 169 at Valley View. State Route 1986 runs northeast of Richmond to Union City and Doylesville. The U. S. 25 connector, signed as S. R. 2872 and commonly known as Duncannon Lane, connects I 75 to U. S. 25 south of the city. State Route 2881 connects at State Route 52 at Caleast, runs through southern Richmond, and heads south to Berea.

Central Kentucky Regional Airport is a public airport located in Madison County between Richmond and Berea. It consists of a 5,001 by 100 ft asphalt runway.

Foothills Express, operated by the Kentucky River Foothills Development Council, provides the Richmond Transit Service bus service within Richmond, the Big E Transit Service on the EKU campus, Madison County Connector service to Berea, and local and intercity demand responsive transport.