Дундалк, Мэриленд: Тарихы мен географиясы

Unincorporated community in Maryland, United States

Dundalk ('/d//ʌ//n//d//ɔː//k/ DUNdawk or '/d//ʌ//n//d//ɒ//k/ DUNdok) is an unincorporated community and census designated place in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. The population was 67,796 at the 2020 census. In 1960 and 1970, Dundalk was the largest unincorporated community in Maryland. It was named after the town of Dundalk (Irish: Dún Dealgan) in County Louth, Ireland. Dundalk is considered one of the first inner ring suburbs of Baltimore.

The area now known as Dundalk was explored by John Smith in 1608. Up until this time, the area was home to the tribes of the Susquehanna. In 1856, Henry McShane, an immigrant from Ireland, established the McShane Bell Foundry on the banks of the Patapsco River in the then far southeastern outskirts of Baltimore. The foundry later relocated to the Patterson Park area of Baltimore until a fire during the 1940s caused it to move to 201 East Federal Street. In addition to bronze bells, the foundry once manufactured cast iron pipes and furnace fittings. When asked by the Baltimore and Sparrows Point Railroad for the name of a depot for the foundry on their rail line, McShane wrote Dundalk, after the town of his birth, Dundalk (Irish: Dún Dealgan), in County Louth in Ireland. In 1977, the foundry moved to its current location in Glen Burnie. In 1916, the Bethlehem Steel purchased of farmland near the McShane foundry to develop housing for its shipyard workers. The Dundalk Company was formed to plan a town in the new style, similar to that of the Roland Park area of Baltimore, excluding businesses except at specific spots and leaving land for future development of schools, playing fields, and parks. By 1917, Dundalk proper was founded, at which point it had 62 houses, two stores, a post office, and a telephone exchange. Streets were laid out in a pedestrian friendly open grid, with monikers like "Shipway", "Northship", "Flagship", and "Admiral". The two story houses had steeply pitched roofs and stucco exteriors. As steel demand increased rapidly during World War I, white workers streamed into Dundalk, pushing black workers into a small community nearby named Turner Station. Turner Station expanded even more during World War II as steel demand increased. Dundalk was once known as a "Little Appalachia" or a "hillbilly ghetto." Before, during, and after World War II, many Appalachian migrants settled in the Baltimore area, including Dundalk. Appalachian people who migrated to Dundalk were largely economic migrants who came looking for work. The Dundalk Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and , or 24.84%, is water. Most of Dundalk is flat and very near sea level, with a few small hills close to the city of Baltimore to the west. Dundalk is part of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Elevations range from sea level on the shore of the Chesapeake Bay to approximately 40 feet (12 m) above sea level along the northern reaches of Dundalk Avenue and North Point Boulevard. Bread and Cheese Creek is a tributary of the Back River in Dundalk. The creek is 8.5 mile (14 km) long, with headwaters in Baltimore City. It flows through Dundalk before emptying into the Back River, which flows into the Chesapeake Bay. The watershed area of the creek is 1.85 square miles (5 km2).

As of the census of 2010, there were about 63,597 people. The racial makeup of Dundalk was about 79.9% white, 13.0% African American, 3.0% Hispanic, 1.0% Asian, and 3.1% all other. There were 24,772 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.5% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were non families. 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.98. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.9% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.4 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $39,789, and the median income for a family was $46,035. Males had a median income of $36,512 versus $25,964 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,543. About 6.6% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.3% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

Public transportation between Sparrows Point, Dundalk, and Baltimore City was operated by the United Railways and Electric Company's (later the Baltimore Transit Company) #26 streetcar line which ran down the middle of Dundalk Avenue until August 1958. Until the early 1950s, the line carried the famous "Red Rocket" streetcars, two and three car trains of wooden trolleys. During World War II's rush hours on the line, trains operated on a 30 second headway. Between 1940 and 1972, bus service in the Dundalk area was provided by Dundalk Bus Lines. Today, public transportation is provided by the Maryland Transit Administration. MTA lines that serve the area are CityLink Blue, CityLink Navy, CityLink Orange, LocalLink 59, LocalLink 62, LocalLink 63, Express BusLink 163, and LocalLink 65.

Dundalk contains a campus of the Community College of Baltimore County, known as CCBC Dundalk. It was formerly known as Dundalk Community College. Dundalk is served by the Baltimore County Public Schools system for primary and secondary education, with Dundalk High School, Patapsco High School, and Sparrows Point High School being the major high schools in the area. Dundalk is also home to Sollers Point Technical High School, one of the few high schools in the country to hold an ISO 9001 certification.