Небраска штатының Норфолк қаласының тарихы

Norfolk ('/n//ɔər//f//ɔər//k/// or '/n//ɔər//f//oʊ//k///) is a city in Madison County, Nebraska, United States, 113 miles northwest of Omaha and 83 miles west of Sioux City at the intersection of U. S. Routes 81 and 275. The population was 24,955 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh most populous city in Nebraska. It is the principal city of the Norfolk Micropolitan Statistical Area.

In late 1865 three scouts were sent from a German Lutheran settlement near Ixonia, Wisconsin, to find productive, inexpensive farmland that could be claimed under the Homestead Act. From the Omaha area they followed the Elkhorn River upstream to West Point. Finding that area too crowded, they continued up the river. On September 15, they reached the junction of the Elkhorn and its North Fork, and chose that area as a settlement site. On May 23, 1866, a party of 124 settlers representing 42 families from the Ixonia area set out for northeast Nebraska in three wagon trains. They arrived at the new site on July 15. The original name of the colony was a variant of "North Fork", but accounts differ on the exact name: "Northfork", are all suggested. The name was submitted to federal postal authorities, and at some point was transmuted to "Norfolk". Nebraskans typically pronounce it as "Norfork". The North Fork settlement was named the county seat in 1867. Its arrival at Norfolk in 1879 connected the city through Wisner to Blair on the Missouri. it reached the city in 1880. The Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railroad was completed to Norfolk in 1882. it accepted its first patients in 1888.

In 1900, the city had a population of 3,883, nearly quadruple its population of a decade earlier. By 1910, it had more than 6,000 people, comprising roughly one third of Madison County's population of 19,101. In the 1910s, development began on the Meridian Highway as a direct north–south route across the United States; the route of the highway ran through Norfolk. The 1924 completion of the Meridian Bridge across the Missouri River at the Nebraska South Dakota border made the highway a continuous year round thoroughfare. In 1926, it was designated as U. S. Highway 81. A second federal highway, U. S. Highway 275, received its designation in 1939; it follows the Elkhorn valley upstream from Omaha through Norfolk to O'Neill. During World War II, the segment from Norfolk to O'Neill was a portion of the Strategic Network of Highways; as such, it was given a high priority for federal funds for materials and for federal maintenance funds. Air travel developed in Norfolk beginning with the establishment of a flying school in 1928. The school's field gradually expanded and was improved. In 1942 the WPA began construction of a municipal airport at the site. Although construction materials were limited during World War II, Norfolk received priority as an auxiliary field to several war related airports, including Sioux City Air Field. After the war Norfolk congressman, Karl Stefan, a member of the Congressional Air Policy Board, used his influence to secure further funding for the airport. Commercial passenger flight through the airport began in the early 1950s. In the 1970s, another attempt was made to move the county seat from Madison to Norfolk. In a 1975 county wide election, the move's proponents failed to secure a simple majority. A 60% majority would have been necessary for the measure to pass. The three gunmen, Jose Sandoval, Jorge Galindo and Erick Vela were arrested the same day as was their accomplice Gabriel Rodriguez. All four men were later convicted and sentenced for their roles in the crime. Sandoval, Galindo and Vela were given the death penalty whereas Rodriguez received life imprisonment.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.78 square miles (28 km2), of which 10.69 square miles (28 km2) is land and 0.09 square miles (0 km2) is water.

The 2020 United States census counted 24,955 people, 10,240 households, and 5,724 families in Norfolk. The population density was 1,387.9 per square mile (536.0/km). There were 11,112 housing units at an average density of 618.0 per square mile (238.7/km). The racial makeup was 80.34% (20,048) white, 1.52% (380) black or African American, 1.82% (453) Native American, 1.13% (282) Asian, 0.02% (4) Pacific Islander, 7.28% (1,816) from other races, and 7.9% (1,972) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 14.0% (3,522) of the population. Of the 10,240 households, 26.4% had children under the age of 18; 41.6% were married couples living together; 30.6% had a female householder with no husband present. 37.9% of households consisted of individuals and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.3 and the average family size was 3.1. 24.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.6 years. For every 100 females, the population had 95.7 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 92.0 males. The 2016 2020 5 year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $49,280 (with a margin of error of +/ $3,354) and the median family income $68,608 (+/ $5,266). Males had a median income of $39,418 (+/ $2,586) versus $27,006 (+/ $972) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $32,637 (+/ $1,628). Approximately, 9.9% of families and 16.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.9% of those under the age of 18 and 13.4% of those ages 65 or over.

As of the census of 2010, there were 24,210 people, 9,910 households, and 6,005 families living in the city. The population density was There were 10,625 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the city was 88.0% White, 1.6% African American, 1.4% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 6.3% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.1% of the population. There were 9,910 households, of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.3% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.4% were non families. 32.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 3.00. The median age in the city was 35.5 years. 24.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.6% were from 25 to 44; 25.1% were from 45 to 64; and 14.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.0% male and 51.0% female.

As of the census of 2000, there were 23,516 people, 9,360 households, and 5,868 families living in the city. The population density was There were 10,072 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the city was 91.41% White, 1.16% African American, 1.53% Native American, 0.48% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 4.19% from other races, and 1.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.61% of the population. There were 9,360 households, out of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.3% were non families. 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.06. In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 13.4% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males. As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $34,609, and the median income for a family was $45,460. Males had a median income of $31,445 versus $21,397 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,990. About 7.0% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.6% of those under age 18 and 12.2% of those age 65 or over.

Intercity bus service to the city is provided by Express Arrow.