Тарихтан бір күн: Оқиғалар мен жаңалықтар

653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. 1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were burnt in Paris. 1397 – The Kalmar Union is formed under the rule of Margaret I of Denmark. 1462 – Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II (The Night Attack at Târgovişte), forcing him to retreat from Wallachia. 1497 – Battle of Deptford Bridge: Forces under King Henry VII defeat troops led by Michael An Gof. 1565 – Matsunaga Hisahide assassinates the 13th Ashikaga shōgun, Ashikaga Yoshiteru. 1579 – Sir Francis Drake claims a land he calls Nova Albion (modern California) for England. 1596 – The Dutch explorer Willem Barentsz discovers the Arctic archipelago of Spitsbergen.

1631 – Mumtaz Mahal dies during childbirth. Her husband, Mughal emperor Shah Jahan I, will spend the next 17 years building her mausoleum, the Taj Mahal. 1665 – Battle of Montes Claros: Portugal definitively secured independence from Spain in the last battle of the Portuguese Restoration War. 1673 – French explorers Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet reach the Mississippi River and become the first Europeans to make a detailed account of its course. 1767 – Samuel Wallis, a British sea captain, sights Tahiti and is considered the first European to reach the island. 1773 – Cúcuta, Colombia, is founded by Juana Rangel de Cuéllar. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: Colonists inflict heavy casualties on British forces while losing the Battle of Bunker Hill. 1789 – In France, the Third Estate declares itself the National Assembly. 1794 – Foundation of Anglo Corsican Kingdom. 1795 – The burghers of Swellendam expel the Dutch East India Company magistrate and declare a republic. 1839 – In the Kingdom of Hawaii, Kamehameha III issues the edict of toleration which gives Roman Catholics the freedom to worship in the Hawaiian Islands. The Hawaii Catholic Church and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace are established as a result. 1843 – The Wairau Affray, the first serious clash of arms between Māori and British settlers in the New Zealand Wars, takes place. 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Vienna, Virginia. 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Aldie in the Gettysburg Campaign. 1876 – American Indian Wars: Battle of the Rosebud: One thousand five hundred Sioux and Cheyenne led by Crazy Horse beat back General George Crook's forces at Rosebud Creek in Montana Territory. 1877 – American Indian Wars: Battle of White Bird Canyon: The Nez Perce defeat the U. S. Cavalry at White Bird Canyon in the Idaho Territory. 1885 – The Statue of Liberty arrives in New York Harbor. 1898 – The United States Navy Hospital Corps is established. 1900 – Boxer Rebellion: Western Allied and Japanese forces capture the Taku Forts in Tianjin, China.

1901 – The College Board introduces its first standardized test, the forerunner to the SAT. 1910 – Aurel Vlaicu pilots an A. Vlaicu nr. 1 on its first flight. 1922 – Portuguese naval aviators Gago Coutinho and Sacadura Cabral complete the first aerial crossing of the South Atlantic. 1929 – The town of Murchison, New Zealand is rocked by a 7.8 magnitude earthquake killing 17. At the time it was New Zealand's worst natural disaster. 1930 – U. S. President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act into law. 1932 – Bonus Army: Around a thousand World War I veterans amass at the United States Capitol as the U. S. Senate considers a bill that would give them certain benefits. 1933 – Union Station massacre: In Kansas City, Missouri, four FBI agents and captured fugitive Frank Nash are gunned down by gangsters attempting to free Nash. 1939 – Last public guillotining in France: Eugen Weidmann, a convicted murderer, is executed in Versailles outside the Saint Pierre prison. 1940 – World War II: is attacked and sunk by the Luftwaffe near Saint Nazaire, France. At least 3,000 are killed in Britain's worst maritime disaster. 1940 – World War II: The British Army's 11th Hussars assault and take Fort Capuzzo in Libya, Africa from Italian forces. 1940 – The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania fall under the occupation of the Soviet Union. 1944 – Iceland declares independence from Denmark and becomes a republic. 1948 – United Airlines Flight 624, a Douglas DC 6, crashes near Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania, killing all 43 people on board. 1952 – Guatemala passes Decree 900, ordering the redistribution of uncultivated land. 1953 – Cold War: East Germany Workers Uprising: In East Germany, the Soviet Union orders a division of troops into East Berlin to quell a rebellion. 1958 – The Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing, in the process of being built to connect Vancouver and North Vancouver (Canada), collapses into the Burrard Inlet killing 18 ironworkers and injuring others. 1960 – The Nez Perce tribe is awarded $4 million for 7 million acres (2,832,802 km2) of land undervalued at four cents/acre in the 1863 treaty. 1963 – The United States Supreme Court rules 8–1 in Abington School District v. Schempp against requiring the reciting of Bible verses and the Lord's Prayer in public schools. 1963 – A day after South Vietnamese President Ngô Đình Diệm announced the Joint Communiqué to end the Buddhist crisis, a riot involving around 2,000 people breaks out. One person is killed. 1967 – Nuclear weapons testing: China announces a successful test of its first thermonuclear weapon. 1971 – U. S. President Richard Nixon in a televised press conference called drug abuse "America's public enemy number one", starting the War on drugs. 1972 – Watergate scandal: Five White House operatives are arrested for burgling the offices of the Democratic National Committee during an attempt by members of the administration of President Richard M. Nixon to illegally wiretap the political opposition as part of a broader campaign to subvert the democratic process. 1985 – Space Shuttle program: STS 51 G mission: Space Shuttle Discovery launches carrying Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, the first Arab and first Muslim in space, as a payload specialist. 1987 – With the death of the last individual of the species, the dusky seaside sparrow becomes extinct. 1989 – Interflug Flight 102 crashes during a rejected takeoff from Berlin Schönefeld Airport, killing 21 people. 1991 – Apartheid: The South African Parliament repeals the Population Registration Act which required racial classification of all South Africans at birth. 1992 – A "joint understanding" agreement on arms reduction is signed by U. S. President George Bush and Russian President Boris Yeltsin (this would be later codified in START II). 1994 – Following a televised low speed highway chase, O. J. Simpson is arrested for the murders of his ex wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend Ronald Goldman. 2015 – Nine people are killed in a mass shooting at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina. 2017 – A series of wildfires in central Portugal kill at least 64 people and injure 204 others. 2021 – Juneteenth National Independence Day, was signed into law by President Joe Biden, to become the first federal holiday established since Martin Luther King Jr. Day in 1983.

801 – Drogo of Metz, Frankish bishop (d. 855)
1239 – Edward I, English king (d. 1307)
1530 – François de Montmorency, French nobleman (d. 1579)
1571 – Thomas Mun, English writer on economics (d. 1641)

1603 – Joseph of Cupertino, Italian mystic and saint (d. 1663)
1604 – John Maurice, Dutch nobleman (d. 1679)
1610 – Birgitte Thott, Danish scholar, writer and translator (b. 1662)
1631 – Gauharara Begum, Mughal princess (d. 1706)
1682 – Charles XII, Swedish king (d. 1718)
1691 – Giovanni Paolo Panini, Italian painter and architect (d. 1765)
1693 – Johann Georg Walch, German theologian and author (d. 1775)
1704 – John Kay, English engineer, invented the Flying shuttle (d. 1780)
1714 – César François Cassini de Thury, French astronomer and cartographer (d. 1784)
1718 – George Howard, English field marshal and politician, Governor of Minorca (d. 1796)
1778 – Gregory Blaxland, English Australian explorer (d. 1853)
1800 – William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, English Irish astronomer and politician (d. 1867)
1808 – Henrik Wergeland, Norwegian poet, playwright, and linguist (d. 1845)
1810 – Ferdinand Freiligrath, German poet and translator (d. 1876)
1811 – Jón Sigurðsson, Icelandic scholar and politician (d. 1879)
1818 – Charles Gounod, French composer and academic (d. 1893)
1818 – Sophie of Württemberg, queen of the Netherlands (d. 1877)
1821 – E. G. Squier, American archaeologist and journalist (d. 1888)
1832 – William Crookes, English chemist and physicist (d. 1919)
1833 – Manuel González Flores, Mexican general and president (d. 1893)
1858 – Eben Sumner Draper, American businessman and politician, 44th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1914)
1861 – Pete Browning, American baseball player (d. 1905)
1861 – Omar Bundy, American general (d. 1940)
1863 – Charles Michael, duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1934)
1865 – Susan La Flesche Picotte, Native American physician (d. 1915)
1867 – Flora Finch, English American actress (d. 1940)
1867 – John Robert Gregg, Irish born American educator, publisher, and humanitarian (d. 1948)
1867 – Henry Lawson, Australian poet and author (d. 1922)
1871 – James Weldon Johnson, American author, journalist, and activist (d. 1938)
1876 – William Carr, American rower (d. 1942)
1876 – Edward Anthony Spitzka, American anatomist and author (d. 1922)
1880 – Carl Van Vechten, American author and photographer (d. 1964)
1881 – Tommy Burns, Canadian boxer and promoter (d. 1955)
1882 – Adolphus Frederick VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg Strelitz (d. 1918)
1882 – Igor Stravinsky, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1971)
1888 – Heinz Guderian, German general (d. 1954)
1897 – Maria Izilda de Castro Ribeiro, Brazilian girl, popular saint (d. 1911)
1898 – M. C. Escher, Dutch illustrator (d. 1972)
1898 – Carl Hermann, German physicist and academic (d. 1961)
1898 – Joe McKelvey, Executed Irish republican (d. 1922)
1898 – Harry Patch, English soldier and firefighter (d. 2009)
1900 – Martin Bormann, German politician (d. 1945)
1900 – Evelyn Irons, Scottish journalist and war correspondent (d. 2000)

1631 – Mumtaz Mahal, Mughal princess (b. 1593)
1649 – Injo of Joseon, Korean king (b. 1595)
1674 – Jijabai, Dowager Queen, mother of Shivaji (b. 1598)
1694 – Philip Howard, English cardinal (b. 1629)
1696 – John III Sobieski, Polish king (b. 1629)
1719 – Joseph Addison, English essayist, poet, playwright, and politician (b. 1672)
1734 – Claude Louis Hector de Villars, French general and politician, French Secretary of State for War (b. 1653)
1740 – Sir William Wyndham, 3rd Baronet, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1687)
1762 – Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon, French poet and playwright (b. 1674)
1771 – Daskalogiannis, Greek rebel leader (b. 1722)
1775 – John Pitcairn, Scottish English soldier (b. 1722)
1797 – Mohammad Khan Qajar, Persian tribal chief (b. 1742)
1813 – Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, Scottish English admiral and politician (b. 1726)
1821 – Martín Miguel de Güemes, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1785)
1839 – Lord William Bentinck, English general and politician, 14th Governor General of India (b. 1774)
1866 – Joseph Méry, French poet and author (b. 1798)
1889 – Lozen, Chiracaua Apache warrior woman (b. ~1840)
1898 – Edward Burne Jones, English soldier and painter (b. 1833)

1904 – Nikolay Bobrikov, Russian soldier and politician, Governor General of Finland (b. 1839)
1914 – Julien Félix, French military officer and aviator (b. 1869)
1936 – Julius Seljamaa, Estonian journalist, politician, and diplomat, Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1883)
1939 – Allen Sothoron, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1893)
1939 – Eugen Weidmann, German criminal (b. 1908)
1940 – Arthur Harden, English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
1941 – Johan Wagenaar, Dutch organist and composer (b. 1862)
1941 – Đorđe Bogić, protopresbyter of the Serbian Orthodox Church, victim of Genocide of Serbs (b. 1911)
1942 – Charles Fitzpatrick, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1853)
1952 – Jack Parsons, American chemist and engineer (b. 1914)
1954 – Danny Cedrone, American guitarist and bandleader (b. 1920)
1956 – Percival Perry, 1st Baron Perry, English businessman (b. 1878)
1956 – Paul Rostock, German surgeon and academic (b. 1892)
1956 – Bob Sweikert, American race car driver (b. 1926)
1957 – Dorothy Richardson, English journalist and author (b. 1873)
1957 – J. R. Williams, Canadian American cartoonist (b. 1888)
1961 – Jeff Chandler, American actor (b. 1918)
1963 – Aleksander Kesküla, Estonian politician (b. 1882)
1968 – José Nasazzi, Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1901)
1974 – Refik Koraltan, Turkish lawyer and politician, 8th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (b. 1889)
1975 – James Phinney Baxter III, American historian and academic (b. 1893)
1979 – Hubert Ashton, English cricketer and politician (b. 1898)
1979 – Duffy Lewis, American baseball player and manager (b. 1888)
1981 – Richard O'Connor, Indian English general (b. 1889)
1981 – Zerna Sharp, American author and educator (b. 1889)
1982 – Roberto Calvi, Italian banker (b. 1920)
1983 – Peter Mennin, American composer and educator (b. 1923)
1985 – John Boulting, English director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1913)
1986 – Kate Smith, American singer (b. 1907)
1987 – Dick Howser, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1936)
1996 – Thomas Kuhn, American historian and philosopher (b. 1922)
1996 – Curt Swan, American illustrator (b. 1920)
1999 – Basil Hume, English cardinal (b. 1923)
2000 – Ismail Mahomed, South African lawyer and jurist, 17th Chief Justice of South Africa (b. 1931)
2001 – Donald J. Cram, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1919)
2001 – Thomas Winning, Scottish cardinal (b. 1925)
2002 – Willie Davenport, American sprinter and hurdler (b. 1943)
2002 – Fritz Walter, German footballer (b. 1920)
2004 – Gerry McNeil, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1926)
2006 – Bussunda, Brazilian comedian (b. 1962)
2007 – Gianfranco Ferré, Italian fashion designer (b. 1944)
2007 – Serena Wilson, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1933)
2008 – Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer (b. 1922)
2009 – Ralf Dahrendorf, German English sociologist and politician (b. 1929)
2009 – Darrell Powers, American sergeant (b. 1923)
2011 – Rex Mossop, Australian rugby player and sportscaster (b. 1928)
2012 – Stéphane Brosse, French mountaineer (b. 1971)
2012 – Patricia Brown, American baseball player (b. 1931)
2012 – Nathan Divinsky, Canadian mathematician and chess player (b. 1925)
2012 – Rodney King, American victim of police brutality (b. 1965)
2012 – Fauzia Wahab, Pakistani actress and politician (b. 1956)
2013 – Michael Baigent, New Zealand English theorist and author (b. 1948)
2013 – Atiqul Haque Chowdhury, Bangladeshi playwright and producer (b. 1930)
2013 – Pierre F. Côté, Canadian lawyer and civil servant (b. 1927)
2013 – Bulbs Ehlers, American basketball player (b. 1923)
2013 – James Holshouser, American politician, 68th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1934)
2014 – Patsy Byrne, English actress (b. 1933)
2014 – Éric Dewailly, Canadian epidemiologist and academic (b. 1954)
2014 – Stanley Marsh 3, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1938)
2014 – Arnold S. Relman, American physician and academic (b. 1923)
2014 – Larry Zeidel, Canadian American ice hockey player and sportscaster (b. 1928)
2015 – Ron Clarke, Australian runner and politician, Mayor of the Gold Coast (b. 1937)
2015 – John David Crow, American football player and coach (b. 1935)
2015 – Süleyman Demirel, Turkish engineer and politician, 9th President of Turkey (b. 1924)
2015 – Roberto M. Levingston, Argentinian general and politician, 36th President of Argentina (b. 1920)
2015 – Clementa C. Pinckney, American minister and politician (b. 1973)
2017 – Baldwin Lonsdale, president of Vanuatu (b. 1948)
2019 – Gloria Vanderbilt, American artist, author actress, fashion designer, heiress and socialite (b. 1924)
2019 – Mohamed Morsi, Egyptian professor and politician, first elected president of Egypt after Egyptian revolution (b. 1951)
2021 – Kenneth Kaunda, Zambian educator and politician, first president of Zambia (b. 1924)