Спрингфилд, Вирджиния: Тарихы мен дамуы

Springfield is a census designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The Springfield CDP is recognized by the U. S. Census Bureau with a population of 31,339 as of the 2020 census. Previously, per
the 2010 census, the population was 30,484. Homes and businesses in bordering CDPs including North Springfield, West Springfield, and Newington are usually given a Springfield mailing address. The population of the collective areas with Springfield addresses is estimated to exceed 100,000. The CDP is a part of Northern Virginia, the most populous region of the Washington Metropolitan Area.

A saw and grist mill was constructed in the vicinity of what is today Springfield between 1796 and 1800. Owned by James Keene, it gave its name to today's Old Keene Mill Road. The mill served farms in the area for around sixty years before its discontinuation when William H. Keene was convicted and imprisoned for the 1855 murder of Lewis Quincy Hall. Nothing remains of it today save for two mill races. Springfield was founded in 1847 around the Orange and Alexandria Railroad's Daingerfield Station; this is today the Backlick Road Virginia Railway Express station, located off Backlick Road. The area was named for "Springfield Farm", owned by Henry Daingerfield, an Alexandria businessman who sat on the railroad's board of directors. The post office was completed sometime after 1851. It was in existence at the time of the American Civil War, being the site of a skirmish on October 3, 1861 and a Confederate raid on August 3, 1863. The station served as the first Springfield Post Office from 1866 to 1868. In 1877, Richard Moore petitioned for a post office, which he named Moor; it was located about a little over a mile south of the station, near the intersection of Fairfax (now Old Keene Mill) and Backlick roads. The post office name was changed in 1881 to Garfield to honor the late President James A. Garfield, who had been assassinated that year. In 1907, the Garfield post office closed and a new postal station named Corbett (after the then landowner) opened back at the railroad station. although the name Garfield continued to appear on maps at least through the 1930s. The post office was moved to a new site in 1933. In 1950, the area had an estimated population of 1,000; Springfield United Methodist Church was established in 1954 and John Lewis High School (Formerly Robert E. Lee) was built in 1957. By 1960, the population was reported as over 10,000; it grew past 25,000 by 1970 with the North and West Springfield neighborhoods. Springfield became a major retail destination with the opening of the Springfield Mall (now Springfield Town Center) in 1973–75 (the second regional shopping center in Northern Virginia after Tysons Corner), as well as the Springfield and Brookfield shopping centers. The 1980s and 1990s saw the expansion of retail and high density housing in the area, at least until the opening of the Franconia Springfield Parkway in 1996, and the Franconia Springfield Metro and Virginia Rail Express Station in 1997. The mall was renovated and re opened in 2014. The center of Springfield is at Route 644 (Old Keene Mill Road / Franconia Road) and Route 617. The old "Garfield" name still survives in the nearby Garfield Elementary School. The Sydenstricker School, completed in 1928, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Springfield Mall was a large indoor shopping mall near the Springfield Interchange, the intersection of Interstate highways I 95 and I 495. It contained several anchor stores and a food court. In 2001, two of the hijackers in the September 11 attacks, Hani Hanjour and Khalid al Mihdhar, illegally obtained state identification at the mall's DMV office. In 2005, gang members stabbed two people at the mall. and a fatal shooting occurred in December 2007. In 2005, the mall was purchased by Vornado Realty Trust, which closed the structure, renovated and reopened it in 2014 as "Springfield Town Center".

Central Springfield is dominated by the Springfield Interchange, popularly known as the "Mixing Bowl" or the "Melting Pot", a name taken from an earlier interchange near the Pentagon. The interchange includes three Interstates (I 95, I 395, and I 495), with two exits less than a half mile apart, with two roads (Commerce Street and Route 644 (Old Keene Mill Road / Franconia Road)) going over or under I 95 within less than a half mile, and is further complicated by the presence of a separate, reversible high occupancy vehicle lane passing through the center of two of the interstates. Built between 1999 and 2007 at a cost of $676 million, the Springfield Interchange Improvement Project was finished on time and on budget, according to the Virginia Department of Transportation, and dedicated on July 18, 2007, by Virginia Governor Timothy M. Kaine.

The closest airport to Springfield is the Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport, in Arlington, Virginia. Other airports include the Washington Dulles International Airport, located in Chantilly and Sterling, Virginia, as well as Baltimore Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport in Linthicum, Maryland.

The corporate headquarters of Ensco is physically located in the Ravensworth census designated place, with a Springfield postal address.

Public schools in Springfield are run by Fairfax County Public Schools. Some Springfield neighborhoods feed schools outside the census designated place limits, such as the Lake Braddock, South County, and Hayfield districts. Likewise, some Springfield schools are fed by neighborhoods outside the CDP limits. Elementary schools serving the Springfield area include: Cardinal Forest Elementary School (in West Springfield CDP), Crestwood Elementary School, Garfield Elementary School, Forestdale Elementary School, Hunt Valley Elementary School, Keene Mill Elementary School (West Springfield CDP), Kings Glen Elementary School, Kings Park Elementary School (in Kings Park CDP), Lynbrook Elementary School, Newington Forest Elementary School, North Springfield Elementary School (in North Springfield CDP), Orange Hunt Elementary School, Ravensworth Elementary School (in Ravensworth CDP), Rolling Valley Elementary School (West Springfield CDP), Sangster Elementary School, Springfield Estates Elementary School, Saratoga Elementary School, and West Springfield Elementary School (West Springfield CDP). Middle schools serving Springfield include Francis Scott Key Middle School and Washington Irving Middle School (West Springfield CDP). High schools serving Springfield include John Lewis High School (formerly Robert E. Lee) and West Springfield High School in West Springfield CDP; the latter is home to the West Springfield Dance Team, which appeared on the television show America's Got Talent. Private schools in the vicinity of Springfield include St. Bernadette School (of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arlington) in West Springfield CDP, Springfield Academy, the Word of Life Christian Academy, Iqra Elementary, and Al Qalam Academy. The medical campus of Northern Virginia Community College is located in Springfield. It offers a variety of associates degrees and certificates.

The Fairfax County Public Library system operates the Richard Byrd Library.