Финикстің Chase Field стадионы: тарихы мен ерекшеліктері

Stadium in Phoenix, Arizona, US

Chase Field, formerly Bank One Ballpark, is a retractable roof stadium in Downtown Phoenix, Arizona. It is the ballpark of Major League Baseball's Arizona Diamondbacks. It opened in 1998, the year the Diamondbacks debuted as an expansion team. Chase Field was the first stadium built in the United States with a retractable roof over a natural grass playing surface, although it has used artificial turf since 2019.

The park was built during a wave of new, baseball only parks in the 1990s. Although nearly all of those parks were open air, it was taken for granted that a domed stadium was a must for a major league team to be viable in the Phoenix area. Phoenix is by far the hottest major city in North America; the average high temperature during baseball's regular season is , and game time temperatures well above are common during the summer.

In the spring of 1994, the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors approved a 0.25 percent increase in the county sales tax to pay for their portion of the stadium funding. That happened during a huge county budget deficit and lack of funding for other services. The sales tax was very unpopular with local citizens, who were not permitted to vote on funding a baseball stadium with general sales tax revenue (use of public subsidies for stadium projects was prohibited by a 1989 referendum). The issue was so controversial and divisive that, in August 1997, Maricopa County Supervisor Mary Rose Wilcox was shot and injured while leaving a county board meeting by Larry Naman, a homeless man, who attempted to argue in court that her support for the tax justified his attack. In May 1998, Naman was found guilty of attempted first degree murder. The cost of the stadium was estimated at $279 million in 1995, but cost overruns, in part because of rising prices for steel and other materials, pushed the cost to $364 million. As part of the stadium deal, the Diamondbacks were responsible for all construction costs over $253 million. The extra expenses, combined with the Diamondbacks and the other expansion franchise, the Tampa Bay Devil Rays, not being allowed to share in national MLB revenue for their first five years of operations, left the Diamondbacks in a less than desirable financial situation, which came back to haunt team founder and managing partner Jerry Colangelo and his group.

Construction on the park began in 1996, and was finished just before the Diamondbacks' first season, in 1998. It was the third MLB stadium to have a retractable roof and the first in the United States (at the time, only Toronto's SkyDome (Rogers Centre) and Montreal's Olympic Stadium had them; others since are Minute Maid Park in Houston, American Family Field in Milwaukee, Globe Life Field in Arlington, T Mobile Park in Seattle, and LoanDepot Park in Miami). It was also the first ballpark to feature natural grass in a retractable roof stadium. The stadium hosted Games 1, 2, 6, and 7 of the 2001 World Series between the Arizona Diamondbacks and the New York Yankees. The Diamondbacks won all four home games, winning the title in seven games, and thus denying the Yankees a fourth consecutive championship. It was only the third time that the home team won all games of a World Series, with the other two instances occurring in and , both by the Minnesota Twins. In March 2006, Chase Field played host to three first round games of the World Baseball Classic. Chase Field hosted the Major League Baseball All Star Game in 2011. Chase Field hosted the 2017 National League Wild Card Game between the Diamondbacks and Colorado Rockies. This was the D Backs' first appearance in the postseason as a Wild Card team. The D Backs won 11–8 and advanced to the 2017 NLDS against the Los Angeles Dodgers but were swept in three games. Game 3 was held at Chase Field, when the D Backs lost 3–1. Chase Field has a swimming pool located in right center field, which is rented to patrons as a suite holding 35 guests for $3,500 per game during the 2011 season. Mark Grace was the first player to hit a home run into the pool. Besides baseball, the pool has been used by Monster Jam's Jim Koehler to continue his tradition of swimming after Freestyle. The ballpark featured a dirt strip between home plate and the pitcher's mound until 2019. This dirt strip, sometimes known as the "keyhole", was very common in old time ballparks up to 1938. The dirt strip was removed when synthetic turf was installed and since then, Comerica Park is the only park to have one. The park's foul territory is somewhat larger than that for most ballparks built in the 1990s. With 80% of the seats in foul territory, the upper deck is one of the highest in the majors. The park's suites are tucked far under the third deck, which keeps the upper deck closer to the action, with the exception of the Dugout Suites which sit next to the home and visitor's dugouts. Before the 2008 season began, a HD scoreboard was installed beyond center field, replacing the original. The new scoreboard is 46 feet (14 m) high and 136 feet (41 m) wide and cost $14 million. It is the fifth largest HD screen in Major League Baseball behind Kauffman Stadium. The screen at Kauffman is larger in area and is square but Chase Field's screen is wider and rectangular. Premium seating includes 4,400 club seats, 57 suites, 6 party suites, Executive suite, batters box suite, two dugout suites, and a swimming pool. The Diamondbacks and St. Louis Cardinals game on September 24, 2019, was the longest game in Chase Field's history. It lasted six hours and 53 minutes, involving 19 innings. On October 12, 2018, the Diamondbacks announced that they would replace their natural grass surface with a synthetic surface from Shaw Sports Turf for the 2019 season. In 2019, leaked images of a potential new stadium by architectural firm MEIS Architects were briefly online before being removed by the firm. The stadium hosted the third, fourth and fifth games of the 2023 World Series between the Diamondbacks and the Texas Rangers.

The stadium was called Bank One Ballpark when Bank One of Chicago, Illinois, purchased naming rights for $100 million over 30 years. After Bank One merged with New York based JPMorgan Chase & Co. in 2005, Chase assumed the naming rights and the stadium's name was changed to Chase Field.

The stadium hosts occasional concerts and international soccer games. For football and soccer, the field is set up with the end lines perpendicular to the third base line and temporary bleachers added on the east side.

Chase Field has hosted first round games in the 2006 and 2013 World Baseball Classic tournaments, and hosted first round games in the 2023 tournament, from March 11, 2023, to March 15, 2023, which was postponed from 2021 due to the COVID 19 pandemic.

The organizers of the Insight. com Bowl moved the game from Arizona Stadium in Tucson to Phoenix beginning in 2000, and Chase Field became the game's host. In 2006, the bowl game moved to Sun Devil Stadium, to replace the Fiesta Bowl, which moved to State Farm Stadium in Glendale. The football configuration lacked any nets behind the goalposts or the dugout behind the south end zone. The final Insight Bowl played at Chase was between the hometown Arizona State Sun Devils and the Rutgers Scarlet Knights. The bowl, called the Guaranteed Rate Bowl, returned to Chase Field in January 2016 due to construction underway at Sun Devil Stadium. Chase Field has staged nine women's college basketball games. The second game, played on December 18, 2006, was shortened by rain with four minutes and 18 seconds remaining and Arizona State leading Texas Tech 61–45. Venue staff closed the roof in an effort to finish the game, but officials deemed the court unsafe. In 2000, ASU played the Tennessee Volunteers at the same facility. In 2006, Chase Field was the site of an annual "Challenge at Chase", a college baseball game between Arizona State and University of Arizona that lasted two years. The Arizona Wildcats won both contests in 2006 and 2007.

Date Artist Opening act(s) Tour / Concert name Attendance Revenue NotesDecember 31, 1998Black SabbathPanteraMegadethSlayerSoulflyNew Years Evil July 18, 2001 NSYNC Eden's CrushSamantha MumbaDante Thomas PopOdyssey Tour 42,959 / 49,111 $2,213,026 May 7, 2016 Kenny Chesney Miranda LambertSam HuntOld Dominion Spread the Love Tour 47,922 / 48,700 $3,412,908 June 23, 2018 Kenny Chesney Thomas RhettOld DominionBrandon Lay Trip Around The Sun Tour 48,424 / 49,014 $3,198,416 March 9, 2019 Billy Joel — Billy Joel in Concert 40,964 / 40,964 $4,837,237 First ever ballpark appearance in Arizona. September 28, 2022 Bad Bunny Alesso World's Hottest Tour 49,421 / 49,421 $11,176,255 Venue's highest grossing and attended concert. November 11, 2022Elton John—Farewell Yellow Brick RoadNovember 12, 2022Elton John's last concert in Arizona. July 19, 2023Morgan WallenHardyErnestBailey ZimmermanOne Night At A Time World TourJuly 20, 2023October 9, 2023PinkBrandi CarlileGrouploveKid Cut UpPink Summer Carnival 2023October 11, 2023Guns N' Roses—We're F'N' Back! TourDecember 8, 2023Billy JoelStevie NicksBilly Joel in ConcertAugust 23, 2024Def LeppardJourneySteve Miller BandThe Summer Stadium TourSeptember 18, 2024Green DayThe Smashing PumpkinsRancidThe Linda LindasThe Saviors Tour

In February 2006, the Professional Bull Riders hosted a Built Ford Tough Series bull riding event at this venue. Chris Shivers won this event with a total score of 181.5 points (out of a possible 200) on two bulls, including an impressive 93.75 (out of 100) points on Taylor Made bucking bull, Smokeless Wardance, in the short go round. During the long go round, the roof was closed, but during the short go, the roof was opened.

The stadium has hosted Monster Energy Supercross rounds from 1999 to 2015. Monster Jam came to Chase Field every year in late January about two weeks after Monster Energy Supercross. Both events moved to the University of Phoenix Stadium in 2016.

WWE hosted the Royal Rumble at Chase Field on January 27, 2019, marking nearly 16 years that a WWE event was held at a baseball stadium since WrestleMania XIX at Safeco Field in Seattle and the first Royal Rumble to be held outdoors.

Chase Field's roof is opened or closed depending on the game time temperature. Even with the roof closed, the park's windows allow enough sunlight to play in daylight without overheating the stadium. The roof takes about 4½ minutes to open or close at a cost of $2–$3. While the ballpark had a grass surface, the roof would be kept open to expose the turf to sunlight. When necessary, it would be closed three hours before game time using two 200 horsepower motors triggered from a control room in the upper deck above left center field. Following the introduction of a synthetic playing surface, the roof is kept mostly closed and is opened only on game days when weather permits, greatly reducing the facility's demand on the HVAC system.

Chase Field is served by westbound Valley Metro Light Rail's Washington at 3rd Street station and eastbound Jefferson at 3rd Street station.