Спутниковая система Hot Bird: история и текущий статус

the communications satellite series of Eutelsat
French satellite company

Hot Bird (also styled Hotbird) is a group of satellites operated by Eutelsat, located at 13°E over the equator (orbital position) and with a transmitting footprint over Asia, Europe, North Africa, Americas and the Middle East. Only digital radio and television channels are transmitted by the Hot Bird constellation, both free to air and encrypted. In addition there are a few interactive and IP services. The satellites currently operate at 13° East and are numbered 13B, 13E and 13G. The satellites have been broadcasting digital only since TV5Monde switched off its analogue signal in 2010.

Name Launch location Current location Launch date Status Hot Bird 1 Kourou Junk orbit 28 March 1995 Hot Bird 2 (Eurobird 9, Eutelsat 48A) Cape Canaveral Junk orbit 21 November 1996 Hot Bird 3 (Eurobird 4) Kourou Junk orbit 2 September 1997 Hot Bird 4 (Atlantic Bird 4) Kourou Junk orbit 27 February 1998 Hot Bird 5 (Eutelsat 25B/Es'hail) Cape Canaveral Junk orbit 9 October 1998 Hot Bird 6 (Eutelsat 70D) Cape Canaveral Junk orbit 21 August 2002 Hot Bird 7 Kourou 11 December 2002 Hot Bird 7A (Hot Bird 13E) Kourou 13°E 12 March 2006 Hot Bird 8 (Hot Bird 13B) Baikonur 13°E 4 August 2006 Hot Bird 9 (Hot Bird 13C) Kourou 12.5°W 20 December 2008 Hot Bird 10 (Eutelsat 33E) Kourou 33°E 12 February 2009 Hot Bird 13F Cape Canaveral 13°E 15 October 2022 Hot Bird 13G Cape Canaveral 13°E 3 November 2022

Hot Bird 1 was launched by Ariane 44LP on 28 March 1995. The 13° east slot predates the launch, with Eutelsat I F 1 having been located there as early as 1983, and Eutelsat II F 1 having also served time at the location. It has reached end of life.

Hot Bird 3 was launched by Ariane 44LP on 2 September 1997 and intended to be moved to 10°E to become Eurobird 10. During the drift from 13°E to 10°E, the satellite suffered loss of power from one solar array. It was nevertheless successfully moved to 10°E, but could only operate at a reduced capacity. Since then, it is operating at 4°E under the name Eurobird 4. At last it was moved to 75°E and renamed to ABS 1B. It has reached end of life.

Hot Bird 4 was launched by Ariane 42P on 27 February 1998 and redeployed to 7°W in July 2006, becoming Atlantic Bird 4 / Nilesat 103.

Hot Bird 5 was launched by Atlas 2A on 9 October 1998 and re located to 25.5°E and renamed Eurobird 2. Six transponders are leased to Arabsat under the name Badr 2, after having been called Arabsat 2D.

Hot Bird 9 was launched by Ariane 5 ECA in December 2008. Its entry into service enabled the Hot Bird 7A satellite to be redeployed to 9° East and rebranded Eurobird 9A, increasing capacity to 38 transponders at this orbital position. From March 2012, Hot Bird 9 became Eutelsat Hot Bird 13C and during the second quarter of 2023 Hot Bird 13G replace Hot Bird 9 at Eutelsats's 13° East position. This satellite renamed Eutelsat 10A now is located at 10.5° East for occasional feeds, data or inactive frequency

Hot Bird 10 was launched by Ariane 5 ECA in February 2009 with NSS 9, Spirale A and Spirale B. It was initially commissioned as Atlantic Bird 4A at 7°W. When Atlantic Bird 7 became operational, it was renamed Eutelsat 3C and was colocated with Eutelsat 3A at 3° East. Later it became Hot Bird 13D and in 2016 Eutelsat 33E. This satellite is located at 33° East.

Hot Bird 13F was launched by Falcon 9 Block 5 in October 2022. The launch mass of the satellite is 4,476 kg (9,868 lb). The satellite has been produced by Airbus Defence and Space and it's based on Eurostar Neo bus. The satellite is designed to use PPS5000 plasma propulsion engine (developed by Safran and using xenon) to get to geostationary orbit.

Hot Bird 13G was launched by Falcon 9 Block 5 in November 2022. The satellite is very similar to Hot Bird 13F. Hot Bird 13G is active and replaces satellite 13C at orbital position 13°E.

Up to 300 television and radio channels are available free to air.