Уильямс Бэй: История и достопримечательности Висконсина

Williams Bay is a village in Walworth County, Wisconsin, United States. It is one of three municipalities on Geneva Lake. The population was 2,953 at the 2020 census.

The village was named for Captain Israel Williams of Massachusetts, who, with several of his sons, settled in the area in 1837. Much of the surrounding area was settled in the early 19th century by surveyors plotting roadways from the East. Williams Bay became a vacation spot for wealthy Chicagoans displaced by the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. The village continues to attract vacationers from Chicago, Milwaukee and elsewhere. In 1873, mail jumping was established on Geneva Lake as a means to provide postal service to lakeside homes. The tradition continues today. Each year between June 15 and September 15, jumpers deliver mail to piers along the lake on behalf of the US Postal Service. In 1886, a training camp was established by leaders of the YMCA at Williams Bay. The camp's programs later evolved into George Williams College, an independent institution of higher education based in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago and later in Downers Grove, Illinois. The Williams Bay site continued to be used as a summer training camp. The college was later absorbed by Aurora University. The village is probably best known internationally for being home to the Yerkes Observatory which was established by the University of Chicago in 1897. The building was designed by Henry Ives Cobb, while the grounds were designed by John Charles Olmsted. The observatory's Greco Roman façade has intricate stonework and carvings. The observatory houses the world's largest refracting (lens) telescope, the great 40 inch, which saw first light in May 1897. The Observatory's first Director was George Ellery Hale, who went on to establish Mount Wilson Observatory in Southern California. The observatory has been an important center of astronomical research. The Astrophysical Journal was previously published at the observatory and the facility was the site of the first meeting of the American Astronomical Society in 1899. Albert Einstein visited the observatory during his first trip to the United States in 1921. The facility is now operated by the Yerkes Future Foundation. The Williams Bay Air Force Station served as a general surveillance radar station from 1950 to 1960. A historical marker on the site commemorates the 755th Radar Squadron. In October 1965, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. led a three day retreat of fellow activists and supporters at Conference Point Center. The purpose of the retreat was to develop a strategy to protest racial segregation in Chicago. The resulting plan became known as the Chicago Freedom Movement. In 1988 during the annual Pig Roast To End Hunger festival held in Williams Bay's Edgewater Park, a riot broke out after it was discovered that the town mascot, "Wilbur B. Porkins III", was one of the pigs used for the pig roast. The ensuing three days of chaos caused over $90,000 in damage to public property, and another $140,000 in damage to private property. The bulk of private property damage was to five Pontiac Fiero cars that were passing through the town on their way to the Kenosha, Wisconsin Pontiac Fiero Fan Club meet. On day three of the uproar the National Guard was dispatched and was able to quell the citizens. Two years later a new town mascot, "Porky G. Stuffins" was used in a public Ad campaign that was successful in turning public opinion against the annual Pig Roast, and it ceased after its 1991 installment. A memorial statue to Wilbur B. Porkins III and the five Pontiac Fiero cars were erected and dedicated on 9 September, 2001.

Williams Bay is located at (42.574208, 88.543690). According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.80 square miles (7 km2), all of it land.

As of the census of 2010, there were 2,564 people, 1,061 households, and 706 families living in the village. The population density was There were 1,985 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the village was 94.3% White, 0.6% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 3.0% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.5% of the population. There were 1,061 households, of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.9% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.5% were non families. 28.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age in the village was 43.5 years. 22.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.9% were from 25 to 44; 30.1% were from 45 to 64; and 17.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.2% male and 51.8% female.

As of the census Gary Burghoff, Del Close, and Paul Newman also performed as part of the Belfry Players.

Approximately 4 miles of the Geneva Lake Shore Path are located in the village. The lakefront area includes the 231 acre Kishwauketoe Nature Conservancy and Edgewater and East Parks, which include a beach and a public boat launching facility. The village also maintains Baywood Heights Park, Frost Park, Grandview Hill, Prairie View Park, Theatre Road Athletic Fields, and Lions Park, which includes Lions Field House, Rex Dog Park and a community garden. Other properties include the Helen Rohner Children's Fishing Park and recreation facilities at George Williams College. The village is home to a number of summer camps and retreat centers, including Conference Point Center, Holiday Home Camp, Norman B. Barr Camp, and Wesley Woods.

The Williams Bay School District serves the village, in addition to portions of the towns of Delavan, Geneva, Linn, and Walworth. Public schools include Williams Bay Elementary and Williams Bay High School. One private school, Faith Christian School, serves students in grades K 12. George Williams College of Aurora University is located along the lake. The GWC campus consists of 137 acres and hosts a conference center and the Music by the Lake summer concert series. Undergraduate academics at GWC focus on service related degree programs.

The Williams Bay Police Department consists of eight sworn police officers. Geneva Lake is patrolled by the Geneva Lake Law Enforcement Agency which is partially funded by the village. The Geneva Lake Water Safety Patrol is a private, non profit organization that promotes safety on Geneva Lake through boat patrols, lifeguard services and educational programs. The Water Safety Patrol is based on the campus of George Williams College. The Williams Bay Volunteer Fire Department provides fire protections services for the village, while the Williams Bay Rescue Squad provides pre hospital emergency care and rescue services. Mercyhealth Hospital and Medical Center Walworth is located a 1/2 mile north of the village.

Wisconsin Highway 67 passes through the village's central business district. Wisconsin Highway 50 forms a portion of the village's northern boundary. No public transportation presently serves Williams Bay, but until the 1960s it was the terminus of the Chicago and North Western Railway. The line also had stops in Como, Lake Geneva, Pell Lake, Genoa City, Richmond, and McHenry, Illinois. The Williams Bay Boat Ramp and Beach now stand on the site of the former railroad station, and a gravel area for sailboat rigging marks the site of the roundhouse. Part of the railroad right of way serves as a walking trail in the Kishwauketoe Nature Conservancy.