Абилин, Техас: География, Население и Развитие города

Abilene ('/æ//b//ᵻ//l//iː//n/ ABileen) is a city in Taylor and Jones County, Texas, United States. Its population was 125,182 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Abilene metropolitan statistical area, which had a population of 165,252 as of 2020. Abilene is home to three Christian universities: Abilene Christian University, McMurry University, and Hardin–Simmons University. It is the county seat of Taylor County. Dyess Air Force Base is located on the west side of the city. Abilene is located on Interstate 20. I 20 forms a rounded bypass loop along the northern side of the city, between exits 279 on its western edge and 292 on the east. The city is located 150 mile (241 km) west of Fort Worth. Multiple freeways form a loop surrounding the city's core: I 20 on the north, US 83/84/277 on the west, and Loop 322 to the east. The former Texas and Pacific Railway, now part of the Union Pacific mainline, divides the city into well established north and south zones. The historic downtown area is on the north side of the railroad, while the growing South Of Downtown Abilene "SODA" district is located on the south side of the tracks.

Abilene is located in northeastern Taylor County. The city limits extend north into Jones County. Interstate 20 leads east 149 mile (240 km) to Fort Worth and west 148 mile (238 km) to Midland. Three U. S. highways pass through the city. US 83 runs west of the city center, leading north 24 mile (39 km) to Anson and south 55 mile (89 km) to Ballinger. US 84 runs with US 83 through the southwestern part of the city but leads southeast 52 mile (84 km) to Coleman and west with I 20 40 mile (64 km) to Sweetwater. US 277 follows US 83 around the northwestern side of the city and north to Anson, but heads southwest from Abilene 89 mile (143 km) to San Angelo. According to the United States Census Bureau, Abilene has a total area of , of which are land and are covered by water (4.82%). The water area is mainly from three reservoirs in the city: Lytle Lake, southeast of downtown on the western edge of Abilene Regional Airport, Kirby Lake on the southeastern corner of the US 83/84 and Loop 322 interchange, and Lake Fort Phantom Hill in Jones County in northern Abilene. Clear Creek runs through the city just east of downtown, flowing north to Elm Creek and ultimately part of the Brazos River watershed. The fastest growing sections of the city are in the southwest, along Southwest Drive, the Winters Freeway, and the Buffalo Gap Road corridor; the southeast, along Loop 322, Oldham Lane, Industrial Drive, and Maple Street; and in the northeast near the intersection of SH 351 and I 20. Many developments have begun in these three areas within the last few years with a citywide focus on the reinvigoration of downtown Abilene.

According to the Köppen climate classification, Abilene lies at the edge of a humid subtropical climate, with areas to the west being semiarid.

+Abilene racial composition as of 2020 (NH = Non Hispanic)RaceNumberPercentageWhite (NH)70,39156.23%Black or African American (NH)12,2429.78%Native American or Alaska Native (NH)4960.4%Asian (NH)2,6782.14%Pacific Islander (NH)1410.11%Some Other Race (NH)3880.31%Mixed/Multi Racial (NH)5,2124.16%Hispanic or Latino33,63426.87%Total125,182
The 2020 United States census counted 125,182 people, 46,134 households, and 29,111 families in Abilene. The population density was 1,173.6 per square mile (453.1/km). There were 51,508 housing units at an average density of 482.9 per square mile (186.4/km). The racial makeup was 64.95% (81,300) white or European American (56.23% non Hispanic white), 10.39% (13,012) black or African American, 0.89% (1,114) Native American or Alaska Native, 2.22% (2,785) Asian, 0.14% (170) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 9.26% (11,590) from other races, and 12.15% (15,211) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 26.87% (33,634) of the population. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 16.5% of the population. 23.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 13.4% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.6 males. Males had a median income of $32,038 (+/ $1,216) versus $22,765 (+/ $1,577) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $27,110 (+/ $739). Approximately, 9.9% of families and 15.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.8% of those under the age of 18 and 9.5% of those ages 65 or over.

As of the census The mean household income was $70,807.

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) operates the Abilene District Parole Office in the city. The Robertson Unit prison and the Middleton Unit transfer unit are in Abilene and in Jones County. The United States Postal Service operates the Abilene Post Office and the Abilene Southern Hills Post Office. On June 17, 2017, Abilene elected its first African American mayor, Anthony Williams. D. B. Corley, 1883–1885

Abilene has two school districts within the city limits: Abilene Independent School District (AISD) and Wylie Independent School District (WISD). High schools include Abilene High School and Cooper High School of AISD, and Wylie High School of WISD.

The cultural aspects of Abilene revolve around a mix of the local college and university campuses, the agriculture community of the surrounding area, and a growing nightlife scene in the downtown area. Abilene is also home to the restored Paramount Theatre, the Abilene Philharmonic Orchestra, the Grace Museum, the Center for Contemporary Arts, the National Center for Children's Illustrated Literature, The Abilene Zoo, Frontier Texas!, the 12th Armored Division Museum, the Taylor County Expo Center, the Abilene Convention Center, six libraries (three private, three public), 26 public parks, six television stations, a daily newspaper, and several radio stations, including one NPR station (89.5 KACU).

The Abilene Reporter News is the primary daily newspaper of the city of Abilene and the surrounding Big Country area.

The city of Abilene is served by Abilene Regional Airport.