Исторические события в числах: от Адосинды до Второй мировой войны.

783 – The Asturian queen Adosinda is held at a monastery to prevent her nephew from retaking the throne from Mauregatus. 1161 – Battle of Caishi: A Song dynasty fleet fights a naval engagement with Jin dynasty ships on the Yangtze river during the Jin–Song Wars. 1476 – Vlad the Impaler defeats Basarab Laiota with the help of Stephen the Great and Stephen V Báthory and becomes the ruler of Wallachia for the third time.

1778 – In the Hawaiian Islands, Captain James Cook becomes the first European to visit Maui. 1789 – A national Thanksgiving Day is observed in the United States as proclaimed by President George Washington at the request of Congress. 1805 – Official opening of Thomas Telford's Pontcysyllte Aqueduct. 1812 – The Battle of Berezina begins during Napoleon's retreat from Russia. 1852 – An earthquake as high as magnitude 8.8 rocks the Banda Sea, triggering a tsunami and killing at least 60 in the Dutch East Indies. 1863 – United States President Abraham Lincoln proclaims November 26 as a national Thanksgiving Day, to be celebrated annually on the final Thursday of November. Following the Franksgiving controversy from 1939 to 1941, it has been observed on the fourth Thursday in 1942 and subsequent years. 1865 – Battle of Papudo: A Spanish navy schooner is defeated by a Chilean corvette north of Valparaíso, Chile.

1914 – HMS Bulwark is destroyed by a large internal explosion with the loss of 741 men while at anchor near Sheerness. 1917 – The Manchester Guardian publishes the 1916 secret Sykes Picot Agreement between the United Kingdom and France. 1917 – The National Hockey League is formed, with the Montreal Canadiens, Montreal Wanderers, Ottawa Senators, Quebec Bulldogs, and Toronto Arenas as its first teams. 1918 – The Montenegrin Podgorica Assembly votes for a "union of the people", declaring assimilation into the Kingdom of Serbia. 1920 – Ukrainian War of Independence: The Red Army launches a surprise attack against the Makhnovshchina. 1922 – Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon become the first people to enter the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun in over 3,000 years. 1922 – The Toll of the Sea debuts as the first general release film to use two tone Technicolor. (The Gulf Between was the first film to do so, but it was not widely distributed.) 1924 – The Mongolian People's Republic is officially established after a new constitution, passed by the first State Great Khural, abolishes the monarchy. 1939 – Shelling of Mainila: The Soviet Army orchestrates an incident which is used to justify the start of the Winter War with Finland four days later. 1941 – World War II: The Hull note is given to the Japanese ambassador, demanding that Japan withdraw from China and French Indochina, in return for which the United States would lift economic sanctions. On the same day, Japan's 1st Air Fleet departs Hitokappu Bay for Hawaii. 1942 – World War II: Yugoslav Partisans convene the first meeting of the Anti Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia at Bihać in northwestern Bosnia. 1942 – Casablanca, the movie starring Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman, premieres in New York City. 1943 – World War II: HMT Rohna is sunk by the Luftwaffe in an air attack in the Mediterranean north of Béjaïa, Algeria. 1944 – World War II: A German V 2 rocket hits a Woolworth's shop in New Cross, London, killing 168 people. 1944 – World War II: Germany begins V 1 and V 2 attacks on Antwerp, Belgium. 1949 – The Constituent Assembly of India adopts the constitution presented by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar. 1950 – Korean War: Communist Chinese troops launch a massive counterattack (Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River and Battle of Chosin Reservoir) against United Nations and South Korean forces. 1965 – France launches Astérix, becoming the third nation to put an object in orbit using its own booster. 1968 – Vietnam War: United States Air Force helicopter pilot James P. Fleming rescues an Army Special Forces unit pinned down by Viet Cong fire. He is later awarded the Medal of Honor. 1970 – In Basse Terre, Guadeloupe, of rain fall in a minute, the heaviest rainfall ever recorded. 1977 – An unidentified hijacker named Vrillon, claiming to be the representative of the "Ashtar Galactic Command", takes over Britain's Southern Television for six minutes, starting at 5:12 pm. 1979 – Pakistan International Airlines Flight 740 crashes near Taif in Mecca Province, Saudi Arabia, killing all 156 people on board. 1983 – Brink's Mat robbery: In London, 6,800 gold bars worth nearly £26 million are stolen from the Brink's Mat vault at Heathrow Airport. 1986 – Iran–Contra affair: U. S. President Ronald Reagan announces the members of what will become known as the Tower Commission. 1986 – The trial of John Demjanjuk, accused of committing war crimes as a guard at the Nazi Treblinka extermination camp, starts in Jerusalem. 1991 – National Assembly of Azerbaijan abolishes the autonomous status of Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of Azerbaijan and renames several cities with Azeri names. 1998 – Tony Blair becomes the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom to address the Oireachtas, the parliament of the Republic of Ireland. 1998 – The Khanna rail disaster takes 212 lives in Khanna, Ludhiana, India. 1999 – The 7.5 Ambrym earthquake shakes Vanuatu and a destructive tsunami follows. Ten people were killed and forty were injured. 2000 – George W. Bush is certified the winner of Florida's electoral votes by Katherine Harris, going on to win the United States presidential election, despite losing in the national popular vote. 2003 – The Concorde makes its final flight, over Bristol, England. 2004 – Ruzhou School massacre: A man stabs and kills eight people and seriously wounds another four in a school dormitory in Ruzhou, China. 2004 – The last Poʻouli (Black faced honeycreeper) dies of avian malaria in the Maui Bird Conservation Center in Olinda, Hawaii, before it could breed, making the species in all probability extinct. 2008 – Mumbai attacks, a series of terrorist attacks killing approximately 175 citizens by 10 members of Lashkar e Taiba, a Pakistan based extremist Islamist terrorist organisation. 2008 – The ocean liner Queen Elizabeth 2, now out of service, docks in Dubai. 2011 – NATO attack in Pakistan: NATO forces in Afghanistan attack a Pakistani check post in a friendly fire incident, killing 24 soldiers and wounding 13 others. 2011 – The Mars Science Laboratory launches to Mars with the Curiosity Rover. 2018 – The robotic probe Insight lands on Elysium Planitia, Mars. 2019 – A magnitude 6.4 earthquake strikes western Albania leaving at least 52 people dead and over 1,000 injured. This was the world's deadliest earthquake of 2019, and the deadliest to strike the country in 99 years. 2021 – COVID 19 pandemic: The World Health Organization identifies the SARS CoV 2 Omicron variant.

907 – Rudesind, Galician bishop (d. 977)
1288 – Go Daigo, Japanese emperor (d. 1339)
1401 – Henry Beaufort, 2nd Earl of Somerset (d. 1418)
1436 – Catherine of Portugal (d. 1463)
1466 – Edward Hastings, 2nd Baron Hastings, English noble (d. 1506)
1518 – Guido Ascanio Sforza di Santa Fiora, Catholic cardinal (d. 1564)
1534 – Henry Berkeley, 7th Baron Berkeley (d. 1613)
1552 – Seonjo of Joseon, King of Joseon (d. 1608)
1594 – James Ware, Irish genealogist (d. 1666)

1604 – Johannes Bach, German organist and composer (d. 1673)
1607 – John Harvard, English minister and philanthropist (d. 1638)
1609 – Henry Dunster, English American clergyman and academic (d. 1659)
1657 – William Derham, English minister and philosopher (d. 1735)
1678 – Jean Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan, French geophysicist and astronomer (d. 1771)
1679 – Isidro de Espinosa, Franciscan missionary from Spanish Texas (d. 1755)
1703 – Theophilus Cibber, English actor and playwright (d. 1758)
1727 – Artemas Ward, American general and politician (d. 1800)
1731 – William Cowper, English poet and hymnwriter (d. 1800)
1792 – Sarah Moore Grimké, American author and activist (d. 1873)
1811 – Zeng Guofan, Chinese general and politician, Viceroy of Liangjiang (d. 1872)
1817 – Charles Adolphe Wurtz, Alsatian French chemist (d. 1884)
1827 – Ellen G. White, American religious leader and author, co founded the Seventh day Adventist Church (d. 1915)
1828 – Robert Battey, American surgeon and academic (d. 1895)
1828 – René Goblet, French journalist and politician, 52nd Prime Minister of France (d. 1905)
1832 – Rudolph Koenig, German French physicist and academic (d. 1901)
1832 – Mary Edwards Walker, American surgeon and activist, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1919)
1837 – Thomas Playford II, English Australian politician, 17th Premier of South Australia (d. 1915)
1853 – Bat Masterson, American police officer and journalist (d. 1921)
1857 – Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist and author (d. 1913)
1858 – Katharine Drexel, American nun and saint (d. 1955)
1864 – Edward Higgins, English 3rd General of the Salvation Army (d. 1947)
1869 – Maud of Wales (d. 1938)
1870 – Sir Hari Singh Gour, founder and Vice Chancellor of the University of Sagar (d. 1949)
1873 – Fred Herd, Scottish golfer (d. 1954)
1876 – Willis Carrier, American engineer, invented air conditioning (d. 1950)
1878 – Major Taylor, American cyclist (d. 1932)
1885 – Heinrich Brüning, German lieutenant, economist, and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1970)
1888 – Ford Beebe, American director and screenwriter (d. 1978)
1889 – Albert Dieudonné, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1976)
1891 – Scott Bradley, American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1977)
1894 – James Charles McGuigan, Canadian cardinal (d. 1974)
1894 – Norbert Wiener, American Swedish mathematician and philosopher (d. 1964)
1895 – Bill W., American activist, co founded Alcoholics Anonymous (d. 1971)
1898 – Karl Ziegler, German chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)
1899 – Richard Hauptmann, German American murderer (d. 1936)
1900 – Anna Maurizio, Swiss biologist, known for her study of bees (d. 1993)

1621 – Ralph Agas, English surveyor and cartographer (b. 1540)
1639 – John Spottiswoode, Scottish archbishop and historian (b. 1565)
1651 – Henry Ireton, English Irish general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1611)
1661 – Luis Méndez de Haro, Spanish general and politician (b. 1598)
1688 – Philippe Quinault, French playwright and composer (b. 1635)
1689 – Marquard Gude, German archaeologist and scholar (b. 1635)
1717 – Daniel Purcell, English organist and composer (b. 1664)
1719 – John Hudson, English librarian and scholar (b. 1662)
1780 – James Steuart, Scottish economist (b. 1712)
1829 – Thomas Buck Reed, American lawyer and politician (b. 1787)
1836 – John Loudon McAdam, Scottish engineer (b. 1756)
1851 – Jean de Dieu Soult, French general and politician, 12th Prime Minister of France (b. 1769)
1855 – Adam Mickiewicz, Polish poet and playwright (b. 1798)
1857 – Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German poet and author (b. 1788)
1860 – Benjamin Greene, English brewer, founded Greene King (b. 1780)
1872 – Pavel Kiselyov, Russian general and politician (b. 1788)
1882 – Otto Theodor von Manteuffel, Prussian lawyer and politician, Minister President of Prussia (b. 1805)
1883 – Sojourner Truth, American activist (b. 1797)
1885 – Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist and physicist (b. 1813)
1892 – Charles Lavigerie, French cardinal and academic (b. 1825)
1895 – George Edward Dobson, Irish zoologist, photographer, and surgeon (b. 1848)
1896 – Coventry Patmore, English poet and critic (b. 1823)

1912 – Joachim III of Constantinople (b. 1834)
1917 – Elsie Inglis, Scottish surgeon and suffragette (b. 1864)
1919 – Felipe Ángeles, Mexican general (b. 1868)
1920 – Semen Karetnyk, Ukrainian anarchist military commander (b. 1893)
1926 – Ernest Belfort Bax, English barrister, journalist, philosopher, men's rights advocate, socialist and historian (b. 1854)
1926 – John Browning, American weapons designer, founded the Browning Arms Company (b. 1855)
1928 – Reinhard Scheer, German admiral (b. 1863)
1929 – John Cockburn, Scottish Australian politician, 18th Premier of South Australia (b. 1850)
1934 – Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Ukrainian historian and politician (b. 1866)
1936 – Şükrü Naili Gökberk, Turkish general (b. 1876)
1937 – Silvestras Žukauskas, Lithuanian general (b. 1860)
1941 – Ernest Lapointe, Canadian lawyer and politician, 18th Canadian Minister of Justice (b. 1876)
1943 – Edward O'Hare, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1914)
1943 – Helen Maud Merrill, American litterateur and poet (b. 1865)
1950 – Hedwig Courths Mahler, German writer (b. 1867)
1952 – Sven Hedin, Swedish geographer and explorer (b. 1865)
1954 – Bill Doak, American baseball player and coach (b. 1891)
1956 – Tommy Dorsey, American trombonist, trumpet player, and composer (b. 1905)
1959 – Albert Ketèlbey, English pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1875)
1962 – Albert Sarraut, French lawyer and politician, 106th Prime Minister of France (b. 1872)
1963 – Amelita Galli Curci, Italian soprano (b. 1882)
1971 – Giacomo Alberione, Italian priest and publisher (b. 1884)
1973 – John Rostill, English bass player and songwriter (b. 1942)
1974 – Cyril Connolly, English author and critic (b. 1903)
1977 – Yoshibayama Junnosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 43rd Yokozuna (b. 1920)
1978 – Ford Beebe, American director and screenwriter (b. 1888)
1978 – Frank Rosolino, American trombonist (b. 1926)
1981 – Pete DePaolo, American race car driver (b. 1898)
1981 – Max Euwe, Dutch chess player, mathematician, and author (b. 1901)
1982 – Juhan Aavik, Estonian composer and conductor (b. 1884)
1985 – Vivien Thomas, American surgeon and academic (b. 1910)
1986 – Betico Croes, Aruban activist and politician (b. 1938)
1987 – Thomas George Lanphier, Jr., American colonel and pilot (b. 1915)
1987 – J. P. Guilford, American psychologist and academic (b. 1897)
1987 – Peter Hujar, American photographer (b. 1934)
1989 – Ahmed Abdallah, Comorian politician, President of Comoros (b. 1919)
1991 – Ed Heinemann, American engineer (b. 1908)
1991 – Bob Johnson, American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1931)
1993 – César Guerra Peixe, Brazilian violinist, composer, and conductor (b. 1914)
1994 – David Bache, English car designer (b. 1925)
1994 – Arturo Rivera y Damas, Salvadoran archbishop (b. 1923)
1996 – Michael Bentine, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1922)
1996 – Paul Rand, American art director and graphic designer (b. 1914)
1997 – Marguerite Henry, American author (b. 1902)
1998 – Jonathan Kwitny, American journalist and author (b. 1941)
2001 – Nils Aslak Valkeapää, Finnish author, poet, and painter (b. 1943)
2002 – Polo Montañez, Cuban singer songwriter (b. 1955)
2002 – Verne Winchell, American businessman, founded Winchell's Donuts (b. 1915)
2003 – Soulja Slim, American rapper (b. 1977)
2003 – Stefan Wul, French surgeon and author (b. 1922)
2004 – Philippe de Broca, French actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1933)
2004 – C. Walter Hodges, English author and illustrator (b. 1909)
2005 – Takanori Arisawa, Japanese composer and conductor (b. 1951)
2005 – Stan Berenstain, American author and illustrator, co created the Berenstain Bears (b. 1923)
2005 – Mark Craney, American drummer (b. 1952)
2006 – Mário Cesariny de Vasconcelos, Portuguese painter and poet (b. 1923)
2006 – Dave Cockrum, American author and illustrator (b. 1943)
2006 – Isaac Gálvez, Spanish cyclist (b. 1975)
2006 – Raúl Velasco, Mexican television host and producer (b. 1933)
2007 – Silvestre S. Herrera, Mexican American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1917)
2007 – Mel Tolkin, Russian Canadian screenwriter and producer (b. 1913)
2007 – Herb McKenley, Jamaican sprinter (b. 1922)
2010 – Leroy Drumm, American songwriter (b. 1936)
2011 – Manon Cleary, American painter and academic (b. 1942)
2012 – Celso Advento Castillo, Filipino actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1943)
2012 – Peter Marsh, Australian table tennis player (b. 1948)
2012 – Joseph Murray, American surgeon and soldier, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1919)
2012 – M. C. Nambudiripad, Indian author and translator (b. 1919)
2013 – Arik Einstein, Israeli singer songwriter (b. 1939)
2013 – Jane Kean, American actress and singer (b. 1923)
2013 – Saul Leiter, American photographer and painter (b. 1923)
2013 – Tony Musante, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1936)
2014 – Mary Hinkson, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1925)
2014 – Gilles Tremblay, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster (b. 1938)
2014 – Peter Underwood, English parapsychologist and author (b. 1932)
2015 – Amir Aczel, Israeli American mathematician, historian, and academic (b. 1950)
2015 – Guy Lewis, American basketball player and coach (b. 1922)
2016 – Fritz Weaver, American actor (b. 1926)
2018 – Stephen Hillenburg, American animator, voice actor, and marine science educator (b. 1961)
2021 – Stephen Sondheim, American composer and lyricist (b. 1930)
2022 – Vikram Gokhale, Indian actor and director (b. 1945)