Kanotix: Linux дистрибутив для тестирования и восстановления данных

Linux distribution

Kanotix, also referred to as KANOTIX, is an operating system based on Debian, with advanced hardware detection. It can run from an optical disc drive or other media i. e. USB stick without using a hard disk drive. Kanotix uses KDE Software Compilation as the default desktop environment. Since 2013 the newer releases ship with LXDE as a second lightweight desktop environment. Unlike other similar Linux distributions Kanotix is a rolling release. Nightly builds are automated builds every night of the latest development code of KANOTIX and with the latest packages from the repositories. The name "Kanotix" is derived from the founder's nickname "Kano". Kanotix's mascot is a fangtooth.

Kanotix is designed for multiple purpose usage so that it can be used in live mode on different types of media (DVD, hard disk, and USB flash drive) and includes an installation tool for installing Kanotix to the hard drive. The distribution ships with the latest kernel which is carefully patched with fixes and drivers for most modern hardware. Kanotix is an ideal tool for testing, data rescue, or for working and safe surfing and mailing on different machines e. g. in an Internet cafe.

The Live mode allows it to work without any installation. As Kanotix comes with unionfs and aufs support one can "install" additional packages by using APT (via connection to the Internet). For USB users the so called "persistent mode" allows to save data changes back to the USB storage device and the stored data and customized settings can be used again on following boots. Using USB flash drive (when supported by BIOS), is of course much faster than booting from CD or DVD.

Kanotix can be installed to the hard disk using the (graphical) acritoxinstaller, which, depending on optical drive, hard disk and processor speed, can take around 10–20 minutes. The acritoxinstaller is a KDE/Qt frontend and a bash backend and comes with a user friendly interface and several advanced features: e. g. LVM support, dmraid support, automatic partitioning (including ntfsresize support), installation to USB HDDs.

The distribution derived from "Kano's Scriptpage for Knoppix". He wrote about Knoppix: "I like it much, but I had to improve it :)". One of the main differences from Knoppix was the support of hard disk installation. The first "Kanotix" preview was released at 24 December 2003 "KANOTIX XMAS 2003 PREVIEW". In 2004 and 2005 KANOTIX was a popular distribution ranking in the top 20 of distrowatch. com. In 2004 the releases were named "Bug Hunter" (Bug Hunter 01 2004 X 2004). After problems with the stability in 2006 Jörg "Kano" Schirottke decided to move from Debian Sid to a less volatile basis. The co developer and other of the Kanotix Team wanted to stay with Debian Sid and left the project, to start sidux, a new distribution based on Debian sid. The last Kanotix release based on Debian Sid was 2006 01 RC4.

The first Release based on Debian stable was the Kanotix Thorhammer in 2007. After the Debian Etch Release in April 2007 Kanotix was no longer compatible with Debian Sid. So a Howto was given, "Steps to update right", to move a KANOTIX installation to the new base by dist upgrade. After 3 months of development and several beta Releases the new Kanotix 2007 Thorhammer RC6 was publicly available for download. The last published version was Kanotix 2007 Thorhammer RC7. The development in 2008 featured continuously kernel updates and a lot of backports in the Thorhammer repository. Some of the additional packages were adaptations for netbooks and notebooks. A highlighted additional backport was OpenOffice. org 3.2. x

The (old) stable Release 2010 Kanotix Excalibur was based on Debian 5 ("Lenny") and had compared to Thorhammer some basic changes (based on Debian Live, bootloader Grub2). Furthermore, Kanotix Excalibur was available for 32 Bit and 64 Bit architecture and a 2in1 iso with both. Additionally there are Kanotix Excalibur 2010 KDE4 (KDE SC 4.3.2) versions available and an "all in one" DVD. iso. Kanotix Excalibur contains the more up to date Ubuntu kernels 2.6.32 BFS with special patches. During the development most of the Kanotix Excalibur test. iso were not published but accessible to the community. A first "Preview" Version was published on December 27, 2009. The final Kanotix Excalibur 2010 was released on 8 June 2010, just in time for LinuxTag 2010.

This version, ("old stable") code name Kanotix Dragonfire is based on Debian 7 ("Wheezy"). A Preview of this Kanotix Version was offered at LinuxTag 2012 in several versions in 32 and 64 bit. Also a new repository for Kanotix Dragonfire was added with backported KDE4.8 packages (amd64 and i386). New features in Kanotix Dragonfire are: booting from/with DVD, USB, UEFI (PCs, Intel Macs), an embedded USB Stick ImageWriter for Mac OS X and the USB Stick with Hybrid ISO can now be made persistent from the live system. A preview of the current release "Kanotix acritox trialshot" was announced on 14 February 2013. A special "CeBIT" edition was released "as a Technology Demonstration" on 8 March 2013. A new official Kanotix Dragonfire was announced from LinuxTag 2013 in Berlin. Beside KDE as default desktop environment the new release ships with LXDE as a second lightweight desktop environment. In the KDE Special version the extra 3D graphics drivers from nvidia and AMD and the Steam client are already preinstalled. An updated release of the stable Kanotix was presented at LinuxTag 2014 in Berlin.

Kanotix Spitfire is based on Debian 8 ("Jessie"). Several Kanotix LinuxTag images for 32 and 64 bit were offered for download. After the Release of Debian GNU/Linux 8.0 (2015 04 26) a reset of the "nightly builds" with the official Debian kernel version 3.16.7 started Kanotix Spitfire as a "rolling release" of the current stable Kanotix. The Images are maintained by developer Kano and offered for download "Kanotix Downloads" and on kanotix. acritox. com
The latest Kanotix modification of Kanotix Spitfire has been presented at OpenRheinRuhr 2015 in Oberhausen.

Kanotix Steelfire is based on current stable Debian 9 ("Stretch"). Two months after the Release of Debian GNU/Linux 9.0 (2017 06 17) the first iso images of Kanotix steelfire nightly LXDE were released. The KDE modification of Kanotix Spitfire was releast and presented later at OpenRheinRuhr 2017 in Oberhausen. (2017 11 4/5)
All Images of "Kanotix Steelfire" are available as KDE and LXDE versions in 32 and 64 bit.

Kanotix Silverfire is based on Debian 10 ("Buster"). Just like its Debian base Kanotix Silverfire was in the "testing" mode. Some "previews" with KDE and LXDE in 32 and 64 bit variants are linked on the homepage. With the Release of Debian 10 (Buster), Kanotix Silverfire became stable too.

Kanotix Slowfire is a edition based on Debian 12 ("Bookworm"). Just like the earlier Kanotix Images the Nightly Builds are released in 5 versions: The KDE and LXDE desktop environment, both in 64 and 32 Bit and the small Kanotix Image eeepc4G. In the KANOTIX tradition of rolling release the Nightly builds are automated builds every night of the latest development and the latest packages from the repositories. New is the Calamares Installer (now in test version), wayland, refind, the current LibreOffice and a new kernel (6.6 13.1).

+ Kanotix based on Debian stable Version Date Name Debian Version 2024 since 2024 04 01 Slowfire Nightly Build 12 Bookworm 2020 since 2020 04 13 Silverfire Nightly Extra ISO 10.4 Buster 2019 since 2019 07 06 Silverfire Nightly Build current 10.0 Buster 2017 since 2017 11 04 Steelfire Nightly Build KDE 9.0 Stretch 2017 since 2017 08 27 Steelfire Nightly Build LXDE 9.0 Stretch 2015 since 2015 04 26 Spitfire Nightly Build 8.0 Jessie 2014 05 2014 05 11 Spitfire LinuxTag 2014 8.0 Jessie 2014 05 2014 05 11 Dragonfire LinuxTag 2014 7.0 Wheezy 2013 05 2013 05 22 Dragonfire LinuxTag 2013 7.0 Wheezy 2013 03 2013 03 06 Dragonfire CeBIT Edition 7.0 Wheezy 2012 05 2012 05 23 Dragonfire 2012 05 7.0 Wheezy 2012 05 2012 05 23 Hellfire 2012 05 6.0 Squeeze 2011 05 2011 05 11 Hellfire 2011 05 6.0 Squeeze 2011 03 2011 03 02 Hellfire 2011 03 6.0 Squeeze 2010 2010 06 08 Excalibur 5.0 Lenny 2009 2009 12 27 Excalibur (Preview) 5.0 Lenny 2007 2007 12 31 Thorhammer (RC7) 4.0 Etch 2007 2007 09 15 Thorhammer (RC6) 4.0 Etch+ Kanotix based on Debian unstable (until 2006) Version Date Name 01 2006 2006 10 02 2006 01 (RC4) 2006 2006 05 14 2006 VDR (RC6) 2006 2006 05 14 2006 Easter (RC4) 2006 2006 03 11 2006 CeBit (RC3) 2005 04 2005 12 31 2005 03 2005 06 06 2005 02 2005 04 10 2005 01 2005 02 12 10 2004 2004 11 28 Bug Hunter X 09 2004 2004 10 17 Bug Hunter 09 08 2004 2004 09 20 Bug Hunter 08 07 2004 2004 07 29 Bug Hunter 07 06 2004 2004 07 01 Bug Hunter 06 05 2004 2004 04 23 Bug Hunter 05 04 2004 2004 03 19 Bug Hunter 04 03 2004 2004 03 02 Bug Hunter 03 02 2004 2004 02 07 Bug Hunter 02 01 2004 2004 02 03 Bug Hunter 01 01 2003 2003 12 24 XMAS Preview