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The Chronicles of Life and Death is the third studio album by American rock band Good Charlotte. Following the release of The Young and the Hopeless (2002), the group spent two years touring. By the second half of 2003, they had begun writing for the next album. With producer Eric Valentine, the band recorded at Barefoot Studios in Hollywood, California, between March and June 2004. Over half of the album's material was written by Benji and Joel Madden, with the remainder being co written with Valentine, Goldfinger frontman John Feldmann or guitarist Billy Martin. Preceded by the single release of "Predictable", The Chronicles of Life and Death was released through Epic and Daylight Records on October 5, 2004. Two variations were made available: "Life" and "Death" versions which came with different cover artwork (designed by Martin) and a different bonus track. Drummer Chris Wilson was in therapy and sat out the initial promotional appearances around the album's release; Alkaline Trio drummer Derek Grant filled in for him temporarily during the group's co headlining US tour with Sum 41. In early 2005, "I Just Wanna Live" was released as a single and tours of Japan, New Zealand, Australia and Europe followed. The band co headlined the Noise to the World Tour with Simple Plan in May and June, which coincided with the single release of the album's title track. Wilson left the group a few shows into the trek, and was replaced by Dean Butterworth. "We Believe" was released as a single in August, which coincided with a series of European festival appearances. The Chronicles of Life and Death received a generally mixed reception from music critics with some finding the lyrics lacking depth and others praising the instrumentation and darker tone. Nevertheless, the record sold 199,000 copies in its first week and debuted at number three on the Billboard 200, the band's highest debut on the chart. It was eventually certified platinum, and as of February 2007, sales stood at 1.1 million copies. The album was also successful outside of the US. It charted at number one in Australia, reached the top 10 in Canada, Japan and the UK, as well as the top 20 in Austria, New Zealand, Sweden, Italy and Switzerland. Within these territories, the album was certified platinum in Australia, and gold in Austria, Germany and the UK. "Predictable" and "I Just Wanna Live" appeared on US radio charts and reached the top 40 in Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands, and the UK.

Good Charlotte released their second album, The Young and the Hopeless, in October 2002. Three of the album's singles—"Lifestyles of the Rich & Famous", "Girls & Boys", and "The Anthem"—shifted the group from modern rock to mainstream top 40 radio. As a result, The Young and the Hopeless debuted in the top 10 on the Billboard 200 chart, having sold 117,000 copies in its first week of release. It eventually sold over three million copies in the US. which included two US arena tours. In August 2003, the group began assembling songs for their next album. They planned to write while on tour between September and November,

In January 2004, the group embarked on a tour of Japan. Their label Epic/Daylight Records told the band they would be going into the studio to record shortly after the tour ended. On hearing this, vocalist Joel Madden was unsure what to write about saying, "We were just in this whirlwind bubble." He flew back to the US and travelled from his home in San Francisco to Los Angeles. Recording sessions began in March and ended in June. with elements of British punk rock, arena rock, goth rock, hip hop, new wave and rock opera. Michael Odell of Blender described The Chronicles of Life and Death as a concept album that "span[s] the outer reaches of [Good Charlotte's] topsy turvy philosophical world". Half of the album was written by Benji and Joel Madden, while they co wrote the remaining tracks with Valentine, Feldmann or guitarist Billy Martin. The opening track "Once Upon a Time: The Battle of Life and Death" is an instrumental featuring strings and a Japanese choir. The title track opens with the beeping sound of a heart rate monitor before Joel Madden's vocal begins over a power pop groove the album's biggest musical departure from the band's usual style, combines power chords, string samples and disco beats, with Madden rapping over it in the vein of Nelly. The new wave "Ghost of You" "Secrets" comes across as sounding like a Morrissey and Jerry Finn collaboration. Hidden track "Wounded" is an acoustic track. "Predictable" was released to radio on August 24. A behind the scenes making of the song video premiered in early September. The Chronicles of Life and Death was made available for streaming on October 1 through MTV's The Leak. Initially planned for release in September, the album was released on October 5 through Epic and Daylight Records in two different editions: Life (with "Falling Away" as a bonus track) and Death (with "Meet My Maker" as a bonus track), both with different artwork created by Martin. Some independent stores were annoyed at this gimmick and pulled stock for all Epic releases for the two weeks. The Japanese edition featured both "Falling Away" and "Meet My Maker" and a Japanese version of "Predictable" as bonus tracks. The art for the Life version resembles a new book, while the art for the Death version resembles a 100 year old book. The album booklet is designed in the style of a storybook with the song lyrics telling a story accompanied by illustrations. Directed by Brett Simon, it features the group performing in a dive bar before the band members return to their day jobs. Eventually, someone from the music industry signs the band, known as the Food Group, who are dressed as different food items. They become the center of attention due a sex tape controversy and a lip synching disaster. A behind the scenes video was released on December 18. "I Just Wanna Live" was released as a CD single in Australia on January 17, 2005, with live versions of "S. O. S." and "The World Is Black" as B sides. In early April 2005, a music video was filmed for "We Believe" with director Sam Erickson at the Orpheum Theatre in Los Angeles, California. The video features the group in an abandoned theatre performing in front of a movie screen showing images of war and people suffering. "The Chronicles of Life and Death" was released as a CD single in Australia on June 3 with live versions of "The Chronicles of Life and Death" and "Mountain", and a remix of "I Just Wanna Live" as B sides. "We Believe" was released as a single on August 15. On November 13, the album was released on the DualDisc format. It included a making of documentary and live performances. In September 2010, the album was reissued as a two CD package with Good Morning Revival.

The Chronicles of Life and Death has received generally mixed reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic. Michael Endelman of Entertainment Weekly called the record a "giant leap forward" in terms of "instrumental prowess, and in emotional and melodic scope." Betty Clarke of The Guardian wrote that the band "delve[s] deeper into their tortured psyche while striving to be taken seriously" as pop punk "rhythms crash into string sections, empathy clashes with loathing." As of February 2007, it had sold 1.1 million copies in the US and has been certified platinum. Outside of the US, it charted at number 12 in the UK, number 27 in New Zealand, and number 39 in the Netherlands. "I Just Wanna Live" charted in the US at number 51 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number 18 on the Mainstream Top 40. number 21 in Switzerland, and number 23 in the Netherlands. "The Chronicles of Life and Death" charted at: number 27 in Sweden, number 30 in the UK, Two tracks were remixed for inclusion on the band's Greatest Remixes (2008) compilation: "I Just Wanna Live" (by Teddy Riley) and "Predictable" (by Stress the Whiteboy featuring Rahzii Hi Power). "Predictable", "I Just Wanna Live", "The Chronicles of Life and Death" and "We Believe" were included on the band's Greatest Hits (2010) compilation. In 2016, Benji Madden said of the album: "We were showing our depth. We didn't want any rules, we didn't want any boundaries We wanted to do the things that we wanted to do." The following year, Joel Madden added: "'Chronicles' was us putting something above the success and it cemented us as the band who will always go left when you want us to go right."