Мичилимáкинак: Тарихы мен мәдениеті

U. S. historical region in the area of Michigan, Straits of Mackinac
related terms

Michilimackinac ('/m//ɪ//ʃ//ə//l//ə//m//æ//k//ə//n//ɔː/ MISHələMACKənaw) is derived from an Ottawa Ojibwe name for present day Mackinac Island and the region around the Straits of Mackinac between Lake Huron and Lake Michigan. Early settlers of North America applied the term to the entire region along Lakes Huron, Michigan, and Superior. Today it is considered to be mostly within the boundaries of Michigan, in the United States. Michilimackinac was the original name for present day Mackinac Island and Mackinac County.

Pottery first appears during this period in the style of the Laurel complex. The people of the area engaged in long distance trade, likely as part of the Hopewell tradition.

The Straits of Mackinac linking Lakes Michigan and Huron was a strategic area controlling movement between the two lakes and much of the pays d'en haut. It was controlled by Algonquian Anishinaabe nations including the Ojibwa (called Chippewa in the United States) and the Odawa. The area was known to the Odawa as Michilimackinac, meaning "Big Turtle". For these people, "Michilimackinac is literally the birthplace and centre of the world" and is where the Three Fires Confederacy took place. The Anishinaabe had good relations with the Iroquoian speaking Wyandot, who were the first group to establish relations with the French after Champlain's arrival in 1608. The Anishinaabe used these relations to trade indirectly with the French. After the fall of Huronia in the Beaver Wars, The Anishinaabe began to trade directly with the French, and started inviting French settlers to Michilimackinac. Fort Michilimackinac fell to an Ojibwa attack during the Native American uprising of 1763, sometimes called Pontiac's War. Today, Fort Michilimackinac is preserved as a tourist site. Re enactors portray the historic activities of the French and English. An archeological dig at the site is open for viewing.

Term startTerm endCommander NamePictureForts and missions in the Michilimackinac areaMissionaries, explorers, and tribal leaders in the Michilimackinac areaRegional Governor (dates) 1671 1683 New France did not have a post yet. St. Ignace Mission Jacques Marquette (1671–1675), Louis Jolliet (1673–1674), Father Henri Nouvel, "superior of the Otawa mission" (1672–1680 with a two year break in 1678 1679, and again from 1688 to 1695.) Governor General of New France Daniel de Rémy de Courcelle (1665–1672), Louis de Buade de Frontenac (1672–1682), Joseph Antoine de La Barre (1682–1685) 1683 1690 Olivier Morel de La Durantaye St. Ignace Mission Father Henri Nouvel "superior of the Otawa mission" Joseph Antoine de La Barre (1682–1685), Jacques René de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville (1685 1689) 1690? 1691? François de la Forêt (Tonty 2nd in command) St. Ignace Mission Father Henri Nouvel "superior of the Otawa mission" Jacques René de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville (1685 1689) 1691? 1694 Louis de La Porte de Louvigné Fort de Buade and St. Ignace Mission Nicolas Perrot (1690–???) Louis de Buade de Frontenac (second term) (1689–1698) 1694 1696 Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac Fort de Buade and St. Ignace Mission (abandoned by 1705) Étienne de Carheil 1686–1702 Louis de Buade de Frontenac (second term) (1689–1698) 1696 1714 (Post abandoned by New France in favor of Detroit) St. Ignace Mission Father Étienne de Carheil 1686–1702. Kondiaronk "Le Rat" / Chief of the Hurons. Father Joseph Marest (1700–1714) Louis Hector de Callière (1698–1703) Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil (1703 to 1725) 1715 Constant le Marchand de Lignery Fort Michilimackinac Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil (1703–1725) 1722 1725 Constant le Marchand de Lignery Fort Michilimackinac Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil (1703–1725), Charles le Moyne de Longueuil, Baron de Longueuil (acting governor 1726) 1729 ? ?? Jacques Charles Renaud Dubuisson Fort Michilimackinac Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois (1725–1747) 1730 1733 Jacques Testard de Montigny Fort Michilimackinac Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois (1725–1747) 1738 1742 Pierre Joseph Céloron de Blainville Fort Michilimackinac Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois (1725–1747) 1744 1744 Monsier de Vivchevet Fort Michilimackinac Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois (1725–1747) 1745 1745 Louis de la Corne, Chevalier de la Corne Fort Michilimackinac Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois (1725–1747) 1745 1747 Nicolas Joseph de Noyelles de Fleurimont Fort Michilimackinac Roland Michel Barrin de La Galissonière (1747–1749) 1750 1750 Monsieuer Duplessis Faber Fort Michilimackinac Jacques Pierre de Taffanel de la Jonquière, Marquis de la Jonquière (1749–1752) 1753 1753 Louis Liénard de Beaujeu de Villemonde Fort Michilimackinac Michel Ange Duquesne de Menneville (1752–1755) 1754 1754 Monsieur Herbin Fort Michilimackinac Michel Ange Duquesne de Menneville (1752–1755)