Тарихтан бір күн: Оқиғалар мен жаңалықтар

2 BC – Caesar Augustus is granted the title pater patriae by the Roman Senate. 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy. 756 – Chinese New Year; An Lushan proclaims himself Emperor of China and founds the short lived state of Yan. 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion. 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians are killed by the new government of Japan for being seen as a threat to Japanese society.

1783 – In Calabria, a sequence of strong earthquakes begins. 1810 – Peninsular War: Siege of Cádiz begins. 1818 – Jean Baptiste Bernadotte ascends to the thrones of Sweden and Norway. 1852 – The New Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia, one of the largest and oldest museums in the world, opens to the public. 1859 – Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Prince of Moldavia, is also elected as prince of Wallachia, joining the two principalities as a personal union called the United Principalities, an autonomous region within the Ottoman Empire, which ushered in the birth of the modern Romanian state. 1869 – The largest alluvial gold nugget in history, called the "Welcome Stranger", is found in Moliagul, Victoria, Australia. 1885 – King Leopold II of Belgium establishes the Congo as a personal possession.

1901 – J. P. Morgan incorporates U. S. Steel in the state of New Jersey, although the company would not start doing business until February 25 and the assets of Andrew Carnegie's Carnegie Steel Company, Elbert H. Gary's Federal Steel Company, and William Henry Moore's National Steel Company were not acquired until April 1. 1905 – In Mexico, the General Hospital of Mexico is inaugurated, started with four basic specialties. 1907 – Belgian chemist Leo Baekeland announces the creation of Bakelite, the world's first synthetic plastic. 1913 – Greek military aviators, Michael Moutoussis and Aristeidis Moraitinis perform the first naval air mission in history, with a Farman MF.7 hydroplane. 1913 – Claudio Monteverdi's last opera L'incoronazione di Poppea was performed theatrically for the first time in more than 250 years. 1917 – The current constitution of Mexico is adopted, establishing a federal republic with powers separated into independent executive, legislative, and judicial branches. 1917 – The Congress of the United States passes the Immigration Act of 1917 over President Woodrow Wilson's veto. 1918 – Stephen W. Thompson shoots down a German airplane; this is the first aerial victory by the U. S. military. 1918 – is torpedoed off the coast of Ireland; it is the first ship carrying American troops to Europe to be torpedoed and sunk. 1919 – Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks, and D. W. Griffith launch United Artists. 1924 – The Royal Greenwich Observatory begins broadcasting the hourly time signals known as the Greenwich Time Signal. 1933 – Mutiny on Royal Netherlands Navy warship HNLMS De Zeven Provinciën off the coast of Sumatra, Dutch East Indies. 1939 – Generalísimo Francisco Franco becomes the 68th "Caudillo de España", or Leader of Spain. 1941 – World War II: Allied forces begin the Battle of Keren to capture Keren, Eritrea. 1945 – World War II: General Douglas MacArthur returns to Manila. 1958 – Gamal Abdel Nasser is nominated to be the first president of the United Arab Republic. 1958 – A hydrogen bomb known as the Tybee Bomb is lost by the US Air Force off the coast of Savannah, Georgia, never to be recovered. 1962 – French President Charles de Gaulle calls for Algeria to be granted independence. 1963 – The European Court of Justice's ruling in Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen establishes the principle of direct effect, one of the most important, if not the most important, decisions in the development of European Union law. 1967 – Cultural Revolution: The Shanghai People's Commune is formally proclaimed, with Yao Wenyuan and Zhang Chunqiao being appointed as its leaders. 1971 – Astronauts land on the Moon in the Apollo 14 mission. 1975 – Riots break out in Lima, Peru after the police forces go on strike the day before. The uprising (locally known as the Limazo) is bloodily suppressed by the military dictatorship. 1981 – Operation Soap: The Metropolitan Toronto Police Force raids four gay bathhouses in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, arresting just under 300, triggering mass protest and rallies. 1985 – Ugo Vetere, then the mayor of Rome, and Chedli Klibi, then the mayor of Carthage, meet in Tunis to sign a treaty of friendship officially ending the Third Punic War which lasted 2,131 years. 1988 – Manuel Noriega is indicted on drug smuggling and money laundering charges. 1994 – Byron De La Beckwith is convicted of the 1963 murder of civil rights leader Medgar Evers. 1994 – Markale massacres, more than 60 people are killed and some 200 wounded as a mortar shell explodes in a downtown marketplace in Sarajevo. 1997 – The so called Big Three banks in Switzerland announce the creation of a $71 million fund to aid Holocaust survivors and their families. 2000 – Russian forces massacre at least 60 civilians in the Novye Aldi suburb of Grozny, Chechnya. 2004 – Rebels from the Revolutionary Artibonite Resistance Front capture the city of Gonaïves, starting the 2004 Haiti rebellion. 2008 – A major tornado outbreak across the Southern United States kills 57. 2016 – New Zealand politician Steven Joyce is hit by a flung rubber dildo in a Waitangi Day protest. 2019 – Pope Francis becomes the first Pope in history to visit and perform papal mass in the Arabian Peninsula during his visit to Abu Dhabi. 2020 – United States President Donald Trump is acquitted by the United States Senate in his first impeachment trial. 2021 – Police riot in Mexico City as they try to break up a demonstration by cyclists who were protesting after a bus ran over a bicyclist. Eleven police officers are arrested.

976 – Sanjō, emperor of Japan (d. 1017)
1321 – John II, marquess of Montferrat (d. 1372)
1438 – Philip II, duke of Savoy (d. 1497)
1505 – Aegidius Tschudi, Swiss statesman and historian (d. 1572)
1519 – René of Châlon, prince of Orange (d. 1544)
1525 – Juraj Drašković, Croatian Catholic cardinal (d. 1587)
1533 – Andreas Dudith, Croatian Hungarian nobleman and diplomat (d. 1589)
1534 – Giovanni de' Bardi, Italian soldier, composer, and critic (d. 1612)
1589 – Esteban Manuel de Villegas, Spanish poet and educator (d. 1669)
1594 – Biagio Marini, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1663)

1608 – Gaspar Schott, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1666)
1626 – Marie de Rabutin Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, French author (d. 1696)
1650 – Anne Jules de Noailles, French general (d. 1708)
1703 – Gilbert Tennent, Irish American minister (d. 1764)
1723 – John Witherspoon, Scottish American minister and academic (d. 1794)
1725 – James Otis, Jr., American lawyer and politician (d. 1783)
1748 – Christian Gottlob Neefe, German composer and conductor (d. 1798)
1788 – Robert Peel, English lieutenant and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1850)
1795 – Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger, Austrian mineralogist, geologist, and physicist (d. 1871)
1804 – Johan Ludvig Runeberg, Finnish poet and hymn writer (d. 1877)
1808 – Carl Spitzweg, German painter and poet (d. 1885)
1810 – Ole Bull, Norwegian violinist and composer (d. 1880)
1827 – Peter Lalor, Irish Australian activist and politician (d. 1889)
1837 – Dwight L. Moody, American evangelist and publisher, founded Moody Church, Moody Bible Institute, and Moody Publishers (d. 1899)
1840 – John Boyd Dunlop, Scottish businessman, co founded Dunlop Rubber (d. 1921)
1840 – Hiram Maxim, American engineer, invented the Maxim gun (d. 1916)
1847 – Eduard Magnus Jakobson, Estonian missionary and engraver (d. 1903)
1848 – Joris Karl Huysmans, French author and critic (d. 1907)
1848 – Ignacio Carrera Pinto, Chilean lieutenant (d. 1882)
1852 – Terauchi Masatake, Japanese field marshal and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1919)
1866 – Domhnall Ua Buachalla, Irish politician, 3rd and last Governor General of the Irish Free State (d. 1963)
1870 – Charles Edmund Brock, British painter and book illustrator (d. 1938)
1876 – Ernie McLea, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1931)
1878 – André Citroën, French engineer and businessman, founded Citroën (d. 1935)
1880 – Gabriel Voisin, French pilot and engineer (d. 1973)
1889 – Patsy Hendren, English cricketer and footballer (d. 1962)
1889 – Ernest Tyldesley, English cricketer (d. 1962)
1889 – Recep Peker, Turkish officer and politician (d. 1950)
1891 – Renato Petronio, Italian rower (d. 1976)
1892 – Elizabeth Ryan, American tennis player (d. 1979)
1897 – Dirk Stikker, Dutch businessman and politician, 3rd Secretary General of NATO (d. 1979)
1900 – Adlai Stevenson II, American soldier, politician, and diplomat, 5th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 1965)

1661 – Shunzhi, Chinese emperor of the Qing Dynasty (b. 1638)
1705 – Philipp Spener, German theologian and author (b. 1635)
1751 – Henri François d'Aguesseau, French jurist and politician, Chancellor of France (b. 1668)
1754 – Nicolaas Kruik, Dutch astronomer and cartographer (b. 1678)
1766 – Count Leopold Joseph von Daun, Austrian field marshal (b. 1705)
1775 – Eusebius Amort, German theologian and academic (b. 1692)
1790 – William Cullen, Scottish physician and chemist (b. 1710)
1807 – Pasquale Paoli, Corsican commander and politician (b. 1725)
1818 – Charles XIII, king of Sweden (b. 1748)
1881 – Thomas Carlyle, Scottish philosopher, historian, and academic (b. 1795)
1882 – Adolfo Rivadeneyra, Spanish orientalist and diplomat (b. 1841)
1892 – Emilie Flygare Carlén, Swedish author (b. 1807)

1915 – Ross Barnes, American baseball player and manager (b. 1850)
1917 – Jaber II Al Sabah, Kuwaiti ruler (b. 1860)
1922 – Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, Croatian engineer, invented the mechanical pencil (b. 1871)
1927 – Inayat Khan, Indian mystic and educator (b. 1882)
1931 – Athanasios Eftaxias, Greek politician, 118th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1849)
1933 – Josiah Thomas, English Australian miner and politician (b. 1863)
1937 – Lou Andreas Salomé, Russian German psychoanalyst and author (b. 1861)
1938 – Hans Litten, German lawyer and jurist (b. 1903)
1941 – Banjo Paterson, Australian journalist, author, and poet (b. 1864)
1941 – Otto Strandman, Estonian lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Estonia (b. 1875)
1946 – George Arliss, English actor and playwright (b. 1868)
1948 – Johannes Blaskowitz, German general (b. 1883)
1952 – Adela Verne, English pianist and composer (b. 1877)
1954 – Hossein Sami'i, Iranian politician, diplomat, writer and poet (b. 1876)
1955 – Victor Houteff, Bulgarian religious reformer and author (b. 1885)
1957 – Sami Ibrahim Haddad, Lebanese surgeon and author (b. 1890)
1962 – Jacques Ibert, French Swiss composer (b. 1890)
1967 – Leon Leonwood Bean, American businessman, founded L. L. Bean (b. 1872)
1969 – Thelma Ritter, American actress (b. 1902)
1970 – Rudy York, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1913)
1972 – Marianne Moore, American poet, author, critic, and translator (b. 1887)
1976 – Rudy Pompilli, American saxophonist (Bill Haley & His Comets) (b. 1926)
1977 – Oskar Klein, Swedish physicist and academic (b. 1894)
1981 – Ella Grasso, American politician, 83rd Governor of Connecticut (b. 1919)
1982 – Neil Aggett, Kenyan South African physician and union leader (b. 1953)
1983 – Margaret Oakley Dayhoff, American chemist and academic (b. 1925)
1987 – William Collier Jr., American actor and producer (b. 1902)
1989 – Joe Raposo, American pianist and composer (b. 1937)
1991 – Dean Jagger, American actor (b. 1903)
1992 – Miguel Rolando Covian, Argentinian Brazilian physiologist and academic (b. 1913)
1993 – Seán Flanagan, Irish footballer and politician, 7th Irish Minister for Health (b. 1922)
1993 – Joseph L. Mankiewicz, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1909)
1993 – William Pène du Bois, American author and illustrator (b. 1916)
1995 – Doug McClure, American actor (b. 1935)
1997 – Pamela Harriman, English American diplomat, 58th United States Ambassador to France (b. 1920)
1997 – René Huyghe, French historian and author (b. 1906)
1998 – Tim Kelly, American guitarist (b. 1963)
1999 – Wassily Leontief, Russian American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
2000 – Claude Autant Lara, French director and screenwriter (b. 1901)
2004 – John Hench, American animator (b. 1908)
2005 – Gnassingbé Eyadéma, Togolese general and politician, President of Togo (b. 1937)
2005 – Michalina Wisłocka, Polish gynecologist and sexologist (b. 1921)
2006 – Norma Candal, Puerto Rican American actress (b. 1927)
2007 – Leo T. McCarthy, New Zealand American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 43rd Lieutenant Governor of California (b. 1930)
2008 – Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Indian guru, founded Transcendental Meditation (b. 1918)
2010 – Brendan Burke, Canadian ice hockey player and activist (b. 1988)
2010 – Harry Schwarz, South African lawyer, anti apartheid leader, and diplomat, 13th South Africa Ambassador to United States (b. 1924)
2011 – Brian Jacques, English author and radio host (b. 1939)
2011 – Peggy Rea, American actress and casting director (b. 1921)
2012 – Sam Coppola, American actor (b. 1932)
2012 – Al De Lory, American keyboard player, conductor, and producer (b. 1930)
2012 – John Turner Sargent Sr., American publisher (b. 1924)
2012 – Jo Zwaan, Dutch sprinter (b. 1922)
2013 – Reinaldo Gargano, Uruguayan journalist and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Uruguay (b. 1934)
2013 – Egil Hovland, Norwegian composer and conductor (b. 1924)
2013 – Tom McGuigan, New Zealand soldier and politician, 23rd New Zealand Minister of Health (b. 1921)
2014 – Robert Dahl, American political scientist and academic (b. 1915)
2015 – K. N. Choksy, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, Minister of Finance of Sri Lanka (b. 1933)
2015 – Marisa Del Frate, Italian actress and singer (b. 1931)
2015 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1923)
2015 – Herman Rosenblat, Polish American author (b. 1929)
2016 – Ciriaco Cañete, Filipino martial artist (b. 1919)
2020 – Kirk Douglas, American actor (b. 1916)
2021 – Christopher Plummer, Canadian actor (b. 1929)
2023 – Pervez Musharraf, Pakistani military officer and politician, 10th President of Pakistan (b. 1943)
2024 – Toby Keith, American country singer (b. 1961)