Фростбург қаласы: тарихы, географиясы және климаты

Frostburg is a city in Allegany County, Maryland. It is located at the head of the Georges Creek Valley, 8 mile (13 km) west of Cumberland. The town is one of the first cities on the "National Road", US 40, and the western terminus of the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad. It is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area. Frostburg was originally called Mount Pleasant until 1820, when the government developed a postal service, and the town was renamed Frostburg. Since 1973, the city has been served by what is now Interstate 68. The City of Frostburg has an approximate year round population of 8,075. The total population was 9,002 at the 2010 census. In addition, 5,400 students attend Frostburg State University, a public university within the University System of Maryland.

According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.42 square miles (9 km2), all land. Frostburg is located in the Allegheny Mountains on the eastern slope of Big Savage Mountain. The closest cities to Frostburg are Cumberland, 8 mile (13 km) to the east, and Morgantown, West Virginia, 62 mile (100 km) to the west.

Due to its average elevation of 2000 feet (610 m) above sea level and location near the Allegheny Front, Frostburg has a colder, wetter climate than much of the rest of the state, and falls in USDA hardiness zone 6b. Under the Köppen climate classification, it has a humid continental climate (Dfb), with cold, snowy winters, and warm, humid summers. The daily mean temperature ranges from in January to in July. Sub occur on 3.8 nights per year, while, on average, there are 1.4 days with + highs, though these are not recorded every year. Due to orographic lift, driving conditions on I 68 and US 40 can be very hazardous despite timely state and local road maintenance services, and the town averages just over of snowfall a season; significant falls can occur as early as October and as late as May. Frostburg's greatest one month snowfall was in January 1978, and Frostburg is second in Maryland for the greatest single season snowfall with a total of in the winter of 1995−96.

Frostburg had its beginnings back in 1811 when surveying began for the National Pike, a road used to transport crops and raw materials to East Coast markets. President Thomas Jefferson had authorized construction of the road in 1806. Meshach Frost built the first house in present day Frostburg in 1812 and named it Highland Hall (on the present day the site of St. Michael's Church and Rectory). This building was a popular stopping point for celebrities and dignitaries who traveled the National Pike. This would be followed by the Franklin Hotel and other hotels. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal reached Cumberland in 1842 and 1850, respectively. Consequently, travel on the National Pike saw a steady decline, although travel through Frostburg did not. Coal mining was the first major economic draw, but the industry faced problems in its early manifestation. The mountains of western Maryland and Frostburg proved to make transportation of coal very difficult. Not until the completion of the railroads did the coal industry in Frostburg began to flourish. The first major coal producer was Meshech Frost, who owned a significant amount of land for mining and founded the Frostburg Coal Company. This eventually was sold to the much larger Consolidated Coal Company. Structures from the coal industry's dominant period still remain. One of the major freight depots for coal is located at 19 Depot St. in Frostburg and is one of the few remaining depots in western Maryland. The Mount Savage Railroad was the first to build a rail line to Frostburg in 1852, and it connected to the B&O Railroad in Cumberland, as well as the C&O Canal. The Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad (C&P) took over the Mount Savage line in 1854, and expanded with the construction of a tunnel under Frostburg, and a rail line southward to Piedmont, West Virginia. This railroad and tunnel were used to transport coal between Frostburg and George's Creek. Another major economic turn for Frostburg was the manufacture of fire brick beginning in 1864, utilizing the high grade fire clays which are found in the area. One of the main businesses that formed was the Big Savage Fire Brick Company, still one of the main suppliers of fire bricks on the East Coast.

The Hocking House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The Frostburg Historic District was listed in 1983 and the Borden Mines Superintendent's House in 1984. This tornado refutes the myth that tornadoes do not occur in rough terrain.

In the spring of each year, Frostburg sponsors an art walk through the arts and entertainment district. Visitors are invited for a self guided tour through the district. Local businesses open their doors with special exhibits and demonstrations.

Located on the Frostburg State University campus, the Performing Arts Center (PAC) has regular programs held in one of their three theaters. The Cultural Events Series is open to students, faculty, and the general public. The students who are studying dance, music, theater and communication can excel in the Performing Arts Center because it has the basic essentials plus more needed for these majors. It has three main theaters: Pealer Recital Hall, Drama Theater and the Studio Theater. This building also has rehearsal spaces, music practice rooms and electronic labs, shops, offices, classrooms and facilities for the hearing impaired. The community and the campus audiences are welcome to a variety of concerts and many performances. Also many famous comedians and jazz artists that perform there as well.

Located in the Fine Arts building on Frostburg State University's campus, the Roper gallery hosts fine art exhibits from both senior year art students and traveling exhibits.

The Frostburg State University planetarium is located in GIRA CCIT. The planetarium offers a different show every month, which are shown on Sundays at 4PM and 7PM.

The Appalachian Festival occurs every year on the third weekend in September on Frostburg State University's upper quad. The festival highlights music, food, and crafts of the Appalachian region. Artisans from the area come and sell their wares in areas of woodworking, quilts, and glasswork. There are children's activities offered and educational opportunities. There are often live animals in a petting zoo format. There are tents that offer instruction in folk skills such as dancing, soap making, and basket making.

The Western Maryland Scenic Railroad runs between Cumberland at Canal Place and Frostburg. The depot at Frostburg was originally designed for the Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad by architect Ephraim Francis Baldwin and built in 1891. The train stops at the Frostburg Depot for ninety minutes so passengers may shop or eat lunch. The locomotive is detached, rotated on the turntable and run around and reattached to the other end of the train for its journey back to Cumberland. These manoeuvers takes about fifteen minutes and attract a lot of attention from the passengers, most of whom are tourists. Surrounding the depot are Linns Bar and Grill, The Trail Inn and Cafe, The Great Allegheny Passage Hiking/Biking Trail, and the Thrasher Carriage Museum. The standard train ride departs at 11:30 a. m. from the Cumberland station and lasts approximately 3.5 hours. The railroad also offers caboose rentals and a variety of specialty trains such as a Murder Mystery train, a Christmas themed train, and a night time Santa Express.

The museum gives visitors the chance to take a look back in time to the nineteenth century to see how the people in that century were transported. There are examples of the different types of vehicles there. For example, there are funeral wagons, carts, pleasure vehicles, carts a milkman would have used and a lot more. There are docents who dress up in the Victorian American clothing from that time. It gives the visitors the feeling that they are going back in time. This museum really gives visitors a chance to look into the life of a person from the 19th century. The Thrasher Carriage Museum was named after James Richard Thrasher. He lived in Midland, Maryland and was born in 1913. Mr. Thrasher developed a love of horses at a very early age which led him into collecting carriages and participating in various parades just to show off his collection. He died in 1987.

Historical Downtown Frostburg was constructed between the years of 1870–1915 when the town was entrenched in the mining and brick making industry. The Princess Restaurant, located on Main St., has been in business since 1939. Former President Truman visited the restaurant shortly after he left office; a framed sign hangs above the booth in which he sat. The Hotel Gunter, located on Main St across the street from the Princess Restaurant, opened in 1897. Originally named Hotel Gladstone, the original hotel had 100 rooms, a cafe, a barbershop, and a sample room for displaying traveling salesmen's wares. The hotel tanked and was sold in 1903 to William Gunter, who renamed it the Hotel Gunter in 1925. He installed a jail for prisoners being transferred and a cock fighting ring in the basement. The hotel's basement was also used as a speakeasy during prohibition.

Located on Main Street, the Center for Creative Writing aims to bring creative writers to Frostburg and to expand the writing ability and exposure to literature of the residents and students of Frostburg. They host a variety of events open to the public. There are also workshops that can be attended for a small fee. They sponsor the 3 AM Society, an organization of student writers.

As part of the 2012 Bicentennial Celebrations, the City of Frostburg commissioned a documentary production titled A Day in the Life of Frostburg. Directed and edited by Frostburg resident and filmmaker, Michael Snyder, the film was shot by a group of 37 "citizen filmmakers" (residents of the city) working independently and together; a unique approach to filmmaking that lets people tell the story of life in their town from the inside out. Over 2,200 clips (nearly 30 hrs of video) were shot during a two week filming period and then edited together in three weeks to make a 30 minute documentary.

The Ort Library, located on Frostburg State University's campus, was opened in 1975. The library offers an online catalog of all books and articles in the Maryland state school system. Those materials can be transferred to Frostburg for students and staff. Their website also houses Research Port, a database of databases of articles from journals, magazines, and print. The library also offers special collections, archives, subject guides, government document research guide, and genealogy resources. There are a large number of computers available for use. The Frostburg Library, located at 65 E Main St, offers members of the community of books, a children's area, and new technology. They offer services such as children's, teen, and adult book sections, magazines, music, and more. There are computers in the facility, and there is a meeting room in the library that can be rented.

God's Ark of Safety, a roadside landmark, is a skeletal steel structure representing the biblical Noah's Ark being built on the I 68 highway hillside since 1976. The Frostburg Palace Theatre is located on 31 east Main Street. Since as early as 1907, the local people of Frostburg have gone there to see good films. In 1912, the Palace Theatre company bought the building and remodeled it as a movie theatre until 1981. Beginning in 1981, it rooted itself into the community through having local school performances. The theatre shows foreign, classic and independent films. The Great Allegheny Passage is a 150 mile (241 km) system of biking and hiking trails for the public that connects Cumberland, MD to Pittsburgh, PA.
Frostburg State University was founded in 1898. Beginning as a university for teachers, Frostburg became a liberal arts school in 1960. Today, Frostburg State University has 4,755 undergraduate students, 630 graduates, and an 18:1 student faculty ratio. The historic Hotel Gunter first opened on New Years Day in 1897, with a barber shop, petting zoo, and jail inside. US Marshals would often stay at the hotel when transporting prisoners down Route 40 to Washington DC, and the jail was built to hold said prisoners. The hotel opened a speakeasy and cockfighting ring during prohibition. As of 2023, the building has a restaurant, apartments, and 12 hotel rooms.