Қарлы жандарға арналған тұрғын үйлер мен қалашықтар

Town or housing complex for older adults who are generally able to care for themselves

A retirement community is a residential community or housing complex designed for older adults who are generally able to care for themselves. Assistance from home care agencies is allowed in some communities, and activities and socialization opportunities are often provided. Some of the characteristics typically are: the community must be age restricted or age qualified, residents must be partially or fully retired, and the community offers shared services or amenities. Continuing Care Retirement Communities, see below. Leisure or lifestyle oriented communities or LORCs, which include various amenities. Mobile homes or RV's for active adults. Retirement communities are often built in warm climates, and are common in Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Louisiana, Mississippi, Nevada, and Texas, but they are increasingly being built in and around major cities throughout the United States. The oldest known and longest continuously running retirement community in the United States is Ryderwood, Washington. Ryderwood was originally established in 1923 as a Long Bell logging camp, then was sold to Senior Estates, Inc. in 1953 to create a retirement community. Senior Estates, Inc. converted the town into a retirement community. Time Magazine covered the event in the Real Estate section with the article "Old Folks at Home". As of 2019, Ryderwood remains a retirement community. Del Webb opened Sun City, Arizona, with the active adult concept, in 1960. In 2011, The Villages, Florida became the largest of these communities. While new retirement communities have developed in various areas of the United States, they are largely marketed to older adults who are financially secure. Lower income retirement communities are rare except for government subsidized housing, which neglects a large proportion of older adults who have fewer financial resources.

Retirement communities have been around since the 1920s and 1930s.

At least 80% of the units in the community must include an individual aged 55 or older, to meet the age requirements to qualify as "senior housing".

As previously stated, the cohousing living model was first observed in Denmark. There, the communities are known as bofoellesskaber, which translates to "living communities". K. McCamant and C. Durrett coined the term "cohousing", and launched it in the United States in the 1970s. Since its introduction to the U. S. intergenerational cohousing communities have been developed in at least 21 states.

Niche retirement communities target retirees who "share a common interest, hobby or trait". had become "one of the biggest trends in retirement living." These communities attract those over 55 who want to be in communities of like minded individuals from the same ethnic background (for example, Aegis Living for Asian Americans in Fremont, California or first generation Indian immigrants (55 and over) in Tavares, Florida, in the Greater Orlando area, Lake County, Florida), sexual orientation (RainbowVision in Santa Fe, New Mexico, ) or for those who share an interest such as academia and lifelong learning (in dozens of university based retirement communities (UBRC) for example at Eckerd College, Holy Cross Village at Notre Dame, Indiana), Penn State University, Stanford University, University of Florida, creative expression and artists (for example the Burbank Senior Artists Colony, the Long Beach Senior Arts Colony, Meta Housing and EngAGE in California), astronomers, golf, RV aficionados (Escapees CARE center in Livingston, Texas)s, veterans, vegetarians, fans of Big 10 football games and country music (Nashville, Tenn)." By 2011 there were already over 100 niche communities. Andrew Carle, founding director of the Program in Senior Housing Administration at George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia observed that the baby boomers " set the record for embracing fad products, and that'll likely translate over into the niche retirement community as well targeted toward people with specific interests and backgrounds, from Big 10 football games and country music to gay friendly lifestyles." is the state's "biggest example of a culturally and ethnically homogeneous retirement community" The Villages, a gated community with low crime rates, offers "free golf for life" on their executive golf courses. Colleges have created options for retired alumni who enjoy campus life, for example, at the University of Florida in Gainesville and Eckerd College in St. Petersburg's College Harbor Retirement Community, with its Academy of Senior Professionals. Sunstein observed increasing polarization in the United States in "ideologically homogeneous communities" where groups composed of exclusively like minded people isolate themselves from the wider, mainstream community and have limited exposure to alternative viewpoints. Since LGBT couples are often not legally recognized, spouses are often excluded in late life decisions, inheritance claims, and spousal pension and social security plans. Several healthcare concerns exist for older LGBT adults, including increased incidence of illness and disease, lack of disclosure about sexual orientation to health providers, and lack of support for individual needs. And LGBT persons have increasing concern about discrimination as they age and fear that most retirement communities do not recognize the special needs of LGBT elders or offer supportive services; one study found that LGBT persons are least likely to choose a retirement community as a residence due to fears of unmet needs and heterosexism that occurs in many retirement communities.

The NORC model allows people to retire in their existing homes and encourages communities of seniors to band together to provide mutual assistance. NORCs can be very effective mechanisms to identify populations of people who need government provided services and then provide those services in cost effective ways. They may serve people of all income levels, e. g., those who get together to furnish cost effective transportation services; they may involve low income residents receiving a richer mix of public services through a NORC model; or they may serve relatively affluent households and charge $1,000 or even more in annual dues to support staffers who provide a rich variety of support services and cultural enrichment activities.

Although the total number of retirement communities continues to increase as the elderly population continues similar growth, certain places, cities, and locations are considered higher rated than others. A number of publishers have created lists of the 100 best retirement communities or "100 best places (or towns) to retire". For the most part these lists are helpful in terms of finding desirable communities to live in. The extent to which desirable amenities are "priced" in labor markets (lower wages in nice places) or housing markets (higher housing prices in nice places) will have a large impact on their appeal for elderly retirees who no longer have to pay in the labor market. Generally, the more amenities and services offered, the more you may expect to pay for retirement living in a senior community. Living in a highly desirable area where senior housing options are limited could also push up the final price tag

In India, the traditional family system in which elders would be cared for by their children is still in vogue but a new generation of elders who value their independence has evolved. This has necessitated the development of retirement homes and communities in India. In response, one recent trend beginning to emerge in the Indian retirement industry is the "retirement resort": a long term rental unit within a resort like community that features many of the amenities of a traditional vacation resort.

In the United Kingdom retirement villages have become increasingly prevalent; according to a BBC report of August 2009, there were approximately 25,000 people across the UK living within a retirement village model at that date. Another growing trend, witnessed recently, is the emergence of Holiday Retirement Community Living. Models vary, from local authority funded and charitable schemes such as Hartrigg Oaks in York, led by the Joseph Rowntree Trust, to privately funded projects and retirement communities such as Audley Cooper's Hill in Englefield Green by Audley Villages, Roseland Parc in Cornwall by Retirement Villages Ltd, Fleet house retirement village in Devon, and Boughton Hall in Chester by Enterprise Retirement Living Ltd. The ExtraCare Charitable Trust operates 14 retirement villages across the UK. Founded in 1988, ExtraCare has collaborated with numerous universities to develop their services. Research projects have included working with local nurseries to bring groups of children into retirement villages, as documented on the Channel 4 series "Old People's Home For 4 Year Olds". An umbrella organisation called the Associated Retirement Community Operators works to collaborate thinking and best practice in the retirement homes market. A study of 2,799 residents from 81 retirement communities run by 15 operators, compared with 1000 people considering moving into a community carried out in 2019, found that community residents stayed healthier for longer, were more active, less lonely and felt more secure.

In the HBO series The Sopranos, Tony Soprano, Paulie Gualtieri, and several other Mafiosi move their mothers to Green Grove, an upscale retirement community in New Jersey, which figures prominently in the plot lines of several seasons. In multiple episodes, characters correct those who refer to Green Grove as a nursing home, advising that it is a "retirement community". Additionally, Junior Soprano seems sharp and gets up to his old tricks while incarcerated at an upscale residence, where he undergoes court ordered evaluation and which stay is financed by Tony, but in season 6 Junior is moved to a downscale government run home, and his mental condition has shown to have considerably worsened. The British sitcom Waiting for God is set at the fictional Bayview Retirement Home (more accurately a retirement village, with a main house and separate living areas for residents), with the main characters being home's residents, their families, and the home's staff.