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The Sheepshead Bay Stakes is a Grade III American thoroughbred horse race for fillies and mares ages four years old and older run over a distance of one and three eighth miles on the turf scheduled annually in early May at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York.

The first Sheepshead Bay Handicap was a race run from 1888 through 1910 at the now defunct Sheepshead Bay Race Track at Sheepshead Bay, New York. When the Sheepshead Bay Race Track closed the event was discontinued.

The event was revived at the Jamaica Race Course on 26 October 1957 as a six furlong sprint named the Sheepshead Bay Handicap for three year olds and older and was won by Be Jeepers in a time 1:112/5 The event continued to be held in July during Aqueduct's short summer meeting. The Sheepshead Bay was run in two divisions five times, four times at Aqueduct and after the event was moved permanently to Belmont Park in 1982. In the running of the Second Division of the event in 1970 the winner Pattee Canyon carried a record 132 pounds. In 1983 Henryk de Kwiatkowski's owned and trained by the US Hall of Fame trainer Woody Stephens Sabin won this event as a three year old filly. In 2024 the event was downgraded by the Thoroughbred Owners and Breeders Association to Grade III status. Also the event in 2024 was moved to Aqueduct Racetrack due to infield tunnel and redevelopment work at Belmont Park.

The original Sheepshead Bay Handicap was open to horses age three and older and was contested on dirt at a distance of one mile (8 furlongs). It was last run in June 1910 after the Republican controlled New York Legislature under Governor Charles Evans Hughes passed the Hart–Agnew anti betting legislation on June 11, 1908. The owners of Sheepshead Bay Race Track, and other racing facilities in New York State, struggled to stay in business without betting. However, further restrictive legislation was passed by the New York Legislature in 1910 which resulted in the deepening of the financial crisis for track operators and led to a complete shut down of racing across the state during 1911 and 1912. When a Court ruling saw racing return in 1913 it was too late for the Sheepshead Bay facility and it never reopened.

Sir Walter finished third in the two editions of the race when it was won by Don Alonzo in 1894 and the following year by future U. S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee, Domino. In 1900, another future Hall of Fame inductee, Imp, finished third to longshot winner Greyfeld. A third future Hall of Fame inductee, the great filly Maskette, ran second to King James in the final edition in 1910.

Year Winner Age Jockey Trainer Owner Dist. (Distance) (Miles) Time1910King James4Carroll ShillingSam HildrethSam Hildreth1 m1:37.601909Sir John Johnson4James Butler Jr. David WoodfordBeverwyck Stable1 m1:39.201908Dandelion6Walter MillerJohn E. MaddenFrancis R. Hitchcock1 m1:37.801907Sir Lynnewood6Monte PrestonL. WebsterJoseph E. Widener1 m1:40.601906Inquisitor3Walter MillerThomas WelshNewcastle Stable1 m1:37.601905Woodsaw3Walter MillerA. Jack JoynerSydney Paget1 m1:42.001904Graziallo3Jack MartinE. H. HannaColumbia Stable1 m1:38.801903Blues5John J. HoarFrank D. WeirFrank Farrell1 m1:42.001902Kamara5Arthur RedfernCharles F. HillClarence H. Mackay1 m1:38.601901Brigadier4Winfield O'ConnorJohn J. HylandAugust Belmont Jr.1 m1:37.801900Greyfeld4William DangmanRobert Augustus SmithRobert Augustus Smith1 m1:41.801899Fly By Night3John BullmanAlbert SimonsPat Dunne1 m1:39.801898Semper Ego5Fred TaralCharles HughesBromley & Co.1 m1:42.001897Havoc5Henry LewisCharles BoyleJoseph E. Seagram1 m1:41.001896St. Maxim5Fred TaralRobert TuckerCharles Fleischmann & Sons1 m1:40.201895Domino4Fred TaralWilliam LakelandJames & Foxhall Keene1 m1:41.201894Don Alonzo4Willie SimmsHardy Campbell Jr. Michael F. Dwyer1 m1:41.00