Флоядада қаласының тарихы мен географиясы

Floydada (/f//l//ɔɪ/'/d//eɪ//d//ə/ floyDAYdə) is a city in and the county seat of Floyd County, Texas, United States. This rural community lies on the high plains of the Llano Estacado in West Texas and is sometimes referred to as the Pumpkin Capital of Texas. The population was 3,038 at the 2010 census, down from 3,676 at the 2000 census.

According to the Texas State Historical Association, the community of Floydada was originally named "Floyd City". It was established in 1890 on of land donated by James B. and Caroline Price of Jefferson City, Missouri. Floydada won the election as county seat over Della Plain. When a post office opened, the name was changed to "Floydada". The meaning of the name is disputed. Some claim it was meant to be "Floydalia" but was garbled in transmission to the U. S. Postal Service, while others insist it is a combination of the county's name and that of James Price's mother, Ada. A third view is that it was formed from Caroline Price's parents, Floyd and Ada. Floydada became an important railroad junction in 1928, when the Quanah, Acme and Pacific Railway reached the town. U. S. Route 62 enters from the southwest as Ralls Highway and leads east out of town as Houston Street, while U. S. Route 70 enters from the north as Second Street and joins US 62 to exit town on Houston Street. Via US 62 it is 51 mile (82 km) southwest to Lubbock, while US 70 leads northwest 27 mile (43 km) to Plainview. The two highways lead east together 31 mile (50 km) to Matador. Texas State Highway 207 leads north from Floydada 35 mile (56 km) to Silverton. According to the United States Census Bureau, Floydada has a total area of , all of it land.

+Floydada racial composition (NH = Non Hispanic)RaceNumberPercentageWhite (NH)78729.42%Black or African American (NH)782.92%Native American or Alaska Native (NH)60.22%Asian (NH)60.22%Some Other Race (NH)40.15%Mixed/Multi Racial (NH)431.61%Hispanic or Latino1,75165.46%Total2,675
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,675 people, 1,104 households, and 789 families residing in the city.

As of the census of 2000, there were 3,676 people, 1,304 households, and 980 families residing in the city. The population density was There were 1,507 housing units at an average density of 742/sq mi (287/km). The racial makeup of the city was 70.35% White, 4.13% African American, 1.09% Native American, 0.14% Asian, 22.20% from other races, and 2.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 51.63% of the population. There were 1,304 households, out of which 38.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.8% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were non families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.24. In the city the population was spread out, with 31.6% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $25,429, and the median income for a family was $30,038. Males had a median income of $25,179 versus $17,381 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,431. About 24.7% of families and 26.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.2% of those under age 18 and 19.7% of those age 65 or over.

The city is served by the Floydada Independent School District. Apple Inc. has teamed up with Floydada to distribute laptop computers to the students and staff of Floydada's Jr. High and High School. In 2007–2008, Floydada was the only town in Texas to be an Apple distinguished school.

Floydada has a number of free training programs provided by the Floydada Professional Development Center and the Floydada Economic Development Corporation (EDC). Employers can access financial assistance for training through the Skills Development Fund and the Self Sufficiency Fund administered by the Texas Workforce Commission. Local training facilities include Caprock Community Action and the Floydada Technology Center. The Floydada Technology Center (FTC) began in 2003 and is provided by the Floydada EDC and is housed in the EDC offices at 105 South 5th Street. The Center itself was designed to provide workforce development to both citizens and businesses upon request. It houses a twelve student capacity classroom with an instructor's podium and computer that is attached to a projector. Caprock Community Action was opened in 2002 and operates a learning lab that offers citizens the opportunity to earn their GED. They are located at 701 E. Lee Street.

Archaeologists from Wichita State University excavated in Blanco Canyon, 6 mile (10 km) south of Floydada. They discovered significant evidence that Spanish explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado established a major camp there during his search for Quivira, one of the legendary Seven Cities of Gold. The Floyd County Historical Museum in downtown Floydada displays some of the significant artifacts from Coronado's campsite. Also, an historical marker in Blanco Canyon tells of Coronado's expedition, which led through the canyon.

Floydada is located in what many call the wind corridor of the United States. The wind corridor stretches through the Great Plains from the Texas Panhandle up into Minnesota, including some of the most wind rich states in the country. The region is ideal for wind development because of its wind quality, the potential to connect into two different electric grid systems, and the plan scheduled for transmission build out in the area. The quality of wind is ranked on a scale of one to seven. In Floyd County the wind ranking is class 4, which is considered good for wind energy development. Texas is served by several electric grid operators. Those operating in the Floyd County area are the Southwest Power Pool (SPP) and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT). It is beneficial for the area to be in such close vicinity to both grids, because it allows for the opportunity to send electricity generated from wind farms either direction. Even though Floyd County is located primarily in the SPP grid, lines can be built in the area that connect to the ERCOT grid. In January 2009 the Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUCT) chose several transmission service providers (TSPs) to construct a build out of transmission lines across the state of Texas. The purpose of the transmission overhaul was to help harness the wind rich regions of West Texas and the Texas Panhandle in order to send the energy generated into more populated areas of Texas where the energy can be used. Two TSPs have Floyd County included in their study area, Sharyland Utilities and Wind Energy Transmission Texas (WETT). The Competitive Renewable Energy Zones (CREZ) project in Texas has the potential to help spur wind energy development in Floyd County. Xcel Energy is also making plans to construct a transmission line through Floyd County.

The region's economy is based on agriculture, but local companies provide services such as custom built, metal assembly, irrigation motor development, efficient rock crushing systems, and a product called the "Row Stalker".

As part of the Department of Energy Operation Sculpin, "Floydada" was the code name for a 3 kiloton nuclear test conducted at the Nevada Test Site on August 15, 1991. The town's name inaccurately had been among several western ghost towns comprising the set of code names.