Рой Блант: Биография американского политика

American politician (born 1950)
the politician

Roy Dean Blunt (born January 10, 1950) is an American politician who served as a United States senator from Missouri from 2011 to 2023. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as the 33rd Missouri Secretary of State (1985–1993) and U. S. Representative for Missouri's 7th congressional district (1997–2011). Born in Niangua, Missouri, Blunt is a graduate of Southwest Baptist University and Southwest Missouri State University (now Missouri State University). After serving as Missouri Secretary of State from 1985 to 1993, he was elected to the U. S. House of Representatives for Missouri's 7th congressional district in 1996. There, he served as Republican Whip from 2003 to 2009. Blunt successfully ran for the U. S. Senate in 2010. The next year, he was elected vice chairman of the Senate Republican Conference. Blunt, who was the dean of Missouri's congressional delegation, was elected to serve as Policy Committee chairman in November 2018. On March 8, 2021, he announced that he would not seek reelection in 2022. He was succeeded in the U. S. Senate by Missouri Attorney General Eric Schmitt. On July 17, 2023, it was announced that Blunt was appointed as a member of Southwest Airlines's board of directors.

Blunt was born on January 10, 1950, in Niangua, Missouri, the son of Neva Dora (née Letterman) and Leroy Blunt, a politician. He earned a B. A. degree in history in 1970 from Southwest Baptist University. Two years later, he earned a master's degree in history from Southwest Missouri State University. During his time in college, he received three draft deferments from the Vietnam War. Blunt was a high school history teacher at Marshfield High School from 1970 to 1972; he later taught at Southwest Baptist University and as a member of the adjunct faculty at Drury University.

Blunt entered politics in 1973, when he was appointed county clerk and chief election official of Greene County, Missouri. He was subsequently elected to the position three times and served a total of 12 years.

In 1984, after incumbent Democratic Missouri Secretary of State James Kirkpatrick decided to retire, Blunt ran for the position and won the Republican primary with 79% of the vote. In the general election, he defeated Democratic State Representative Gary D. Sharpe 54%–46%. He became the first Republican to hold the post in 50 years.

Since incumbent Republican Governor John Ashcroft was term limited, Blunt ran for the governorship in 1992. Missouri Attorney General William Webster won the Republican primary, defeating Blunt and Missouri Treasurer Wendell Bailey 44%–40%–15%. Webster lost the general election to Mel Carnahan.

In 1996 Blunt decided to run for the United States House of Representatives after incumbent U. S. Representative Mel Hancock honored his pledge to serve only four terms. Blunt ran in Missouri's 7th congressional district, the state's most conservative district, in the Ozark Mountains in the southwest. Blunt's political action committee is the Rely on Your Beliefs Fund. On August 6, 1996, he won the Republican primary, defeating Gary Nodler 56%–44%. In the general election, he defeated Democrat Ruth Bamberger 65%–32%.

Blunt voted in favor of school prayer and supported the No Child Left Behind Act. He voted in favor of school vouchers within the District of Columbia but against broader legislation allowing states to use federal money to issue vouchers for private or religious schools. He received a 17% rating from the National Education Association in 2003.

Blunt received a 97% rating from the United States Chamber of Commerce. He supported efforts to overhaul U. S. bankruptcy laws, requiring consumers who seek bankruptcy protection to repay more of their debts. Blunt opposes federal cap and trade legislation and supports drilling for oil on the U. S. coastline. He does not believe in man made global warming, stating: "There isn't any real science to say we are altering the climate or path of the Earth."

Blunt voted to prohibit lawsuits against gun manufacturers and dealers if the guns they manufacture or sell are later used in a crime. He has also voted to require anyone who purchases a gun at a gun show to go through a background check that must be completed within 24 hours. He has received an "A" rating from the NRA Political Victory Fund (NRA PVF).

Blunt chaired the House Republican Health Care Solutions Group. In 2006, Blunt successfully advocated for legislation that placed restrictions on over the counter cold medicines that could be used in the production of methamphetamines. The legislation, called the Combat Meth Act, was opposed by retail and drug lobbyists.

Blunt voted against HR 2007 018, which raised the federal minimum wage to $7.25 per hour.

He has voted to ban partial birth abortions and to restrict or criminalize transporting minors across state lines for the purpose of getting an abortion. He opposes federal funding for elective abortions in accordance with the Hyde Amendment. He voted in favor of the unsuccessful Federal Marriage Amendment which sought to place a national ban on same sex marriage, and has voted against gay adoption. He received 94% lifetime and 96% 2004 ratings from the conservative American Conservative Union, a 14% rating from the ACLU, and a 92% rating from the conservative Christian Coalition.

In 2005, Blunt supported President George W. Bush's proposal to partially privatize Social Security for those under the age of 55.

After only one term, Blunt was appointed Chief Deputy Whip, the highest appointed position in the House Republican Caucus. In that capacity, he served as the Republicans' chief vote counter. In 2002, when Dick Armey retired and fellow Texan Tom DeLay was elected to succeed him, Blunt was elected to succeed DeLay as House Majority Whip. Blunt served as Majority Leader on an acting basis starting in September 2005, after DeLay was indicted on felony charges involving campaign finance. On January 8, 2006, one day after DeLay announced that he would not seek to regain his position, Blunt announced he would run to permanently replace DeLay. On January 14, 2006, Blunt issued a release claiming that the majority of the Republican caucus had endorsed him as DeLay's successor. But when the election was held by secret ballot on February 2, 2006, U. S. Representative John Boehner of Ohio won on the second ballot, with 122 votes to 109 for Blunt. In November 2006, House Republicans elected Blunt to their second highest position during the 110th Congress, Minority Whip. Blunt handily defeated U. S. Representative John Shadegg of Arizona for the position. He announced he would step down from the position in late 2008, following two successive election cycles where House Republicans had lost seats, avoiding a difficult battle with his deputy, Eric Cantor, who was urged by some to challenge Blunt for the position.

Upon entering the U. S. House, Blunt served on the House International Relations Committee, the House Committee on Agriculture, and the House Transportation Committee. In 1999, he gave up seats on the latter two committees and joined the Committee on Energy and Commerce. In addition he became a member of the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence.

On February 19, 2009, Blunt announced he would seek the Republican nomination for the U. S. Senate election for the seat being vacated by incumbent Republican U. S. Senator Kit Bond. He successfully ran against Democratic nominee Secretary of State Robin Carnahan, Constitution Party nominee Jerry Beck, Libertarian nominee Jonathan Dine, and write in candidates Mark S. Memoly, Frazier Miller, Jeff Wirick and Richie L. Wolfe.

In 2013, Blunt worked with Monsanto to author a rider called the Farmer Assurance Provision, which was added into the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013. The rider's language originated in an agriculture spending bill in the U. S. House. Since 2014, Blunt has been the largest recipient of campaign contributions from Monsanto, which is headquartered in Missouri. According to progressive news magazine The Nation, the rider "curtailed already weak oversight over the handful of agro giants that control the GMO market by allowing crops that a judge ruled were not properly approved to continue to be planted." Blunt claimed all the amendment did "was repeat authority that the secretary in a hearing the other day, before the Agri[culture] Approp[riations] committee the other day, said he already had. And it didn't require the secretary to do anything that the secretary thought was the wrong thing to do. Which is one of the reasons I thought it was fine".

In 2020, Blunt voted to acquit Trump in his first impeachment trial. In 2021, Blunt was one of 43 senators who voted to acquit Trump in his second impeachment trial. In 2022, after the FBI search of Mar a Lago, Blunt said that Trump "should have turned over all the documents" to the National Archives when he left office. Blunt also expressed concern over the timing of the search, citing the upcoming midterm elections.

Blunt has been opposed to raising the federal minimum wage. On June 20, 2013, Blunt co sponsored the Death Tax Repeal Act of 2013. The bill was intended to permanently eliminate federal estate tax and it did not pass. On January 17, 2014, Blunt introduced a bill called the Partnership to Build America Act. If signed into law, the bill would create a special fund to pay for infrastructure projects across the United States, according to Ripon Advance.

Blunt rejects the scientific consensus on climate change. In 2015, he voted against a nonbinding Senate resolution stating that "climate change is real and caused by human activity and that Congress needs to take action to cut carbon pollution." According to The Guardian, Blunt has acknowledged that climate change exists, but said that the human role in it is "unclear". According to The Springfield News Leader, "Blunt has railed against the Obama administration's proposed rules to combat global warming, which could deal a blow to Missouri's coal fired power plants." Blunt has worked to protect the coal industry and co sponsored an amendment to urge President Obama to consult with the Senate before ratifying the Paris climate agreements. In 2017, he was one of 22 senators to sign a letter to Trump urging him to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement. According to OpenSecrets, Blunt has received over $400,000 from the oil and gas industry since 2012. In 2016, Blunt worked to block a carbon tax on emissions. He supports the expanded domestic exploration for coal and natural gas. In 2018, Blunt rejected the CIA's "high confidence" assessment that Saudi prince Mohammed bin Salman ordered the killing of Jamal Khashoggi, a prominent critic of the Saudi regime. Blunt said, "we don't quite have all the information we’d like to have yet." In 2021, Blunt criticized the U. S. withdrawal from Afghanistan, arguing that there was a failure to evacuate U. S. citizens and their family members.

Blunt has an "A" rating from the NRA Political Victory Fund (NRA PVF) and has been endorsed in multiple elections. In April 2013, Blunt was one of forty six senators to vote against the passing of a bill which would have expanded background checks for all gun buyers. Blunt voted with 40 Republicans and 5 Democrats to stop the bill, which failed to pass. One month after the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting, Blunt voted for two Republican sponsored bills. The first was proposed by John Cornyn and would have enabled a 72 hour waiting period for federal authorities to investigate individuals seeking to buy guns who are listed on the terrorist watch list. The second bill, proposed by Chuck Grassley, would have expanded background checks and made it illegal for individuals with certain mental health disorders to purchase guns. Neither bill passed. Blunt voted against two Democrat sponsored bills, both which also did not pass, including one that would have made background checks required for online gun sales and gun sales at gun shows and another that would have not allowed anyone on the terrorist watchlist to purchase a gun. In response to the 2017 Las Vegas shooting, Blunt said he was "saddened by the tragic loss of life" and offered his thoughts to the victims. In 2022, Blunt later became one of ten Republican Senators to support a bipartisan agreement on gun control, which involved a red flag provision, a support for state crisis intervention orders, funding for school safety resources, stronger background checks for buyers under the age of 21, and penalties for straw purchases. As a result of Blunt supporting the Safer Communities Act hunter safety and school archery programs have come under attack by the Department of Education.

The Wall Street Journal reported in February 2012 that "Blunt introduced an amendment to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act that would allow an employer to deny health services if they conflict with their 'religious beliefs or moral convictions'." Blunt said of the amendment, "[W]as it an overreach when Mrs. Clinton put it in the Clinton health care plan in 1994? I don't think it's an overreach at all. It doesn't mention any specific procedure. It doesn't even suggest the mandate should be eliminated." In 2012, Blunt attempted to add an amendment to a highway funding bill that would allow employers to refuse to provide health insurance for birth control and contraceptives. In a press release, Blunt defended the amendment on the grounds that it protected the First Amendment rights of religious employers; the amendment failed, with 51 senators voting against it. In July 2013, Blunt indicated that he would not support efforts to tie raising the federal debt ceiling to defunding Obamacare. In an interview on MSNBC, he expressed his opinion that Obamacare is "destined to fail", but that raising the debt ceiling should not be "held hostage" to "any specific thing". In 2016, Senators Blunt and Patty Murray (D WA) co sponsored a successful $2 billion funding increase for the National Institutes of Health, the first such research increase in over a decade. Neil Gorsuch, and Amy Coney Barrett. In September 2020, less than two months before the next presidential election, Blunt supported an immediate Senate vote on Trump's nominee to fill the Supreme Court vacancy caused by Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg's death. In February 2016, Blunt rejected consideration of President Obama's Supreme Court nominee during a presidential election year, opining that the "Senate should not confirm a new Supreme Court justice until we have a new president."

Blunt supported President Donald Trump's 2017 executive order to temporarily curtail Muslim immigration until better screening methods are devised. He stated "[Trump] is doing what he told the American people he would do. I would not support a travel ban on Muslims; I do support increased vetting on people applying to travel from countries with extensive terrorist ties or activity. These seven countries meet that standard. Our top priority should be to keep Americans safe." On May 28, 2021, Blunt abstained from voting on the creation of an independent commission to investigate the Capitol riot.

In 2013, Blunt voted against Employment Non Discrimination Act, which would have outlawed employer discrimination based on sexuality or gender identity. In 2022, Blunt stated his support for gay marriage, and later that year voted for the Respect for Marriage Act.

Blunt has argued for the need to reduce fraud and waste in Medicare and Social Security.

Blunt ran for re election to the U. S. Senate in 2016. He won the Republican primary with 73% of the vote and faced Democrat Jason Kander in the November 2016 general election on November 8, 2016. Blunt won with 49.2% of the vote to Kander's 46.4%.

On November 6, 2020, while Chair of the Senate Republican Policy Committee and the fourth ranking Republican in the Senate, Blunt said Trump "should turn this discussion over to his lawyers" and "you can't stop the count in one state and decide you want the count to continue in another state. That might be how you'd like to see the system work but that's not how the system works." The previous night, Trump had alleged that Democrats were "stealing" the election. The St. Louis Post Dispatch published an editorial criticizing Blunt and Senator Josh Hawley for not distancing themselves from the January 6 United States Capitol attack and their continued support for Trump. Both senators voted for acquittal in Trump's second impeachment trial.

Blunt has been married twice. He married Roseann Ray in May 1967; he had three children with her: Matt, the former governor of Missouri, Amy Blunt Mosby and Andrew Blunt. All three children are corporate lobbyists. Some critics have criticized Andrew's dual professional roles as both a lobbyist for firms that might benefit from Senator Blunt's influence and his father's campaign manager. Matt Blunt is also a lobbyist, as is his wife. The Blunts say they are careful not to seek influence for their clients with Senator Blunt. Blunt married Abigail Perlman, a lobbyist for Kraft Foods and Philip Morris, in 2003. In April 2006, he and Perlman adopted Charlie Blunt, an 18 month old boy from Russia. The family lives in Washington, D. C., and also own a condo in Springfield, Missouri. Roy Blunt has six grandchildren. He is a practicing Southern Baptist. On August 9, 2021, Blunt was appointed an Honorary Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) "for distinguished service to Australia's bilateral relationship with the United States of America, in particular to the joint Free Trade Agreement". On February 14, 2023, Blunt was elected as president of The State Historical Society of Missouri where he has been a trustee of since 2005.

For 2020, Blunt received a score of 74 from the American Conservative Union. He has a lifetime rating of 85.