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Введение
Колфакс — город и административный центр округа Уитман, штат Вашингтон, США. По данным переписи населения 2020 года, численность населения составляла 2782 человека, что делает Колфакс вторым по величине городом в округе Уитман после Пульмана. Город расположен среди холмов, покрытых пшеничными полями, в долине при слиянии северного и южного рукавов реки Палуз. Федеральная трасса 195, которая является главной улицей города, пересекается с государственной трассой 26 на северной окраине города; в прошлом Колфакс также находился на пересечении трёх крупных железнодорожных линий. Он входит в состав агломерации Пульман — Москва. Город был назван в честь Скайлера Колфакса, вице-президента США в период с 1869 по 1873 год.
Colfax is a city and the county seat of Whitman County, Washington, United States. The population was 2,782 at the 2020 census, making Colfax the second largest city in Whitman County behind Pullman. It is situated amidst wheat covered hills in a valley at the confluence of the north and south forks of the Palouse River. U. S. Route 195, which forms the town's main street, intersects with State Route 26 at the north end of town; in the past, Colfax also lay at the junction of three major railway lines. It is part of the Pullman–Moscow combined statistical area. It was named after Schuyler Colfax, the vice president from 1869–73.
История
Индейцы Палуза были первыми известными человеческими обитателями района Колфакс. Белые поселенцы прибыли летом 1870 года и вскоре построили лесопилку. За ней последовали мукомольная мельница и другие предприятия, и Колфакс быстро превратился в процветающий город. Первоначально пионер Джаред Берардуччи назвал поселение "Беллевиль" в честь своей возлюбленной, но когда он встретил новую любовь, он переименовал город в Колфакс, в честь вице-президента Шейлера Колфакса. Колфакс был официально учрежден 29 ноября 1873 года. В 1889–1890 годах город боролся с несколькими другими претендентами за право стать местом расположения нового государственного сельскохозяйственного колледжа, ныне известного как Вашингтонский государственный университет. Однако это право в итоге досталось расположенному неподалеку Пульману, в 24 километрах к юго-востоку. Ранняя история Колфакса была запятнана громкими случаями линчевания в 1894 и 1898 годах. До переписи населения 1930 года Колфакс был самым крупным городом в округе.
Palouse Indians were the first known human inhabitants of the Colfax area. White settlers arrived in the summer of 1870, and soon built a sawmill. A flour mill and other businesses followed, and Colfax soon grew into a prosperous town. Originally, pioneer citizen Jared Berarducci called the settlement "Belleville" in honor of his girlfriend; when he found a new love, he changed the town's name to Colfax, for vice president Schuyler Colfax. Colfax was officially incorporated on November 29, 1873. In 1889–90, the town vied with several other finalists to become the site of a new state agricultural college, present day Washington State University. The honor ultimately fell to nearby Pullman, 15 mile (24 km) southeast. The early history of Colfax was marred by prominent lynchings in 1894 and 1898. Until passed by Pullman at the 1930 census, Colfax was the largest city in the county.
География и климат
Колфакс расположен в юго-восточной части штата Вашингтон по координатам (46.884033, 117.363668) на высоте 1962 футов (598 м). Ближайшие города — Спокан, Пуллман, Москва и Льюистон/Кларкстон. Этот район представляет геологический интерес, находясь в самом сердце плодородной местности Палуз, в центре плато реки Колумбия. К востоку от Колфакса расположены Скалистые горы, к западу — Ченнелед-Скаблендс, а к югу — река Снейк. По данным Бюро переписи населения США, общая площадь города составляет 3,79 квадратных мили (10 км²), вся территория занята сушей. Река Палуз, заключенная в бетонное русло для предотвращения наводнений, которое сужает ее до потока шириной в восемнадцать дюймов в сухой сезон, протекает через центр города параллельно Главной улице. В Колфаксе преобладает континентальный климат с четырьмя сезонами (Köppen Dsb): жаркое, сухое лето, холодная зима и дождливый сезон, который обычно длится с осени до весны. Среднегодовое количество осадков составляет менее одного года. Этот климат, в сочетании с глубоким и плодородным чернозёмом Палуза, создает почти идеальные условия для выращивания пшеницы.
Colfax is located in southeastern Washington at (46.884033, 117.363668), at an elevation of 1962 feet (598 m). The nearest cities are Spokane, Pullman, Moscow, and Lewiston/Clarkston. The area is geologically interesting, lying in the midst of the fertile Palouse country in the middle of the Columbia River Plateau, with the Rocky Mountains to the east, the Channeled Scablands to the west, and the Snake River to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.79 square miles (10 km2), all of it land. The Palouse River, confined for flood control to a concrete bed that reduces it to an eighteen inch wide stream during the dry season, runs through the middle of town, parallel to Main Street. Colfax has a four season continental climate (Köppen Dsb), with hot, dry summers, cold winters, and a rainy season that generally runs from autumn til spring. The annual rainfall averages less than a year. This climate, together with the deep, rich Palouse topsoil, makes for near ideal wheat growing conditions.
Туристические достопримечательности
Кодгерский столб – это монумент, вырезанный бензопилой мастером-резчиком Джонатаном ЛаБенном. Он расположен на Главной улице и посвящен реваншу 1988 года, состоявшемуся через 50 лет после первоначальной игры 1938 года между принципиальными футбольными командами из старшей школы Колфакса и Сент-Джон. Высотой 65 футов (20 м), это самая большая скульптура такого типа в мире, состоящая из портретов 51 игрока, вырезанных в пяти перевернутых бревнах красного кедра. Игроки изображены в преклонном возрасте, но одеты в футбольную форму 30-х годов. Кодгерский столб был недавно отреставрирован в мае 2016 года. Он расположен на пересечении Главной и Рок-стрит.
The Codger Pole is a chainsaw carved monument by master carver Jonathan LaBenne. It is located on Main Street and commemorates a 1988 rematch, 50 years after the original 1938 game, between archrival football teams from Colfax High School and St. John. At 65 feet (20 m) tall, it is the largest sculpture of its type in the world, and consists of portraits, carved into five upended red cedar logs, of the 51 players involved. The players are shown in old age but are wearing the football uniforms of the thirties. The Codger Pole was recently renovated as of May 2016. It is located at the intersection of Main and Rock Streets. Downtown Colfax Downtown Colfax is a National Register Historic District consisting of a rich collection of historic architecture ranging from the 1890s to the 1930s. The Downtown District boundaries are Upton Street to the north, Stevens Street to the south, Mill Street to the east, and the Palouse River to the west. Former St. Ignatius Hospital The Former St. Ignatius Hospital which dates from 1892. This location served as a hospital for central and northern Whitman County from 1892 to 1968. When the hospital was relocated up the hill a nursing facility was located on the lower floors from 1968 to 2002. The property has been abandoned since 2002 after a water main broke on the upper floors in winter. The site is currently closed to the public. The Perkins House, on Perkins Avenue, is a meticulously restored Victorian home built in 1886. The original owner was James Perkins, a leading pioneer citizen. The Perkins family occupied the home until 1968, by which time it was sadly dilapidated and slated for demolition. In 1970, the Whitman County Historical Society assumed ownership and began restoring the house, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Behind the house is a log cabin, built in 1870, where Perkins lived for sixteen years. This cabin is the oldest standing structure in Whitman County. The house is open for tours from May to September, on Thursdays and Saturdays. The house is now home of the Colfax Chamber of Commerce and Colfax Downtown Association and is open from 8 AM to 5 PM Monday thru Friday and Saturdays. For more information, explorecolfax. com
Schmuck Park This park is the most utilized park in the City. It lies at the intersection of Sixth and Morton Street. The park consists of a skate park, swimming pool, baseball diamond, track, and picnic facilities. Colfax Golf Course and Country Club is a nine hole course beside the river on North Palouse River Road. McDonald Park, located immediately north of the golf course, consists of playing fields surrounded by a paved walking/jogging path. Regional baseball and softball tournaments are hosted here. The Colfax Trail is a three mile (5 km) path converted from a disused railway line. It begins at a gravel quarry off Highway 26, just beyond the town's western limit, and follows the Palouse River westward, traversing cow pastures, pine woods, wetlands, and basalt cliffs. In 1932 George Barns, AKA Machine Gun Kelly, robbed the First Savings & Trust Bank at 102 N Main Street of $77,000 ($1,319,572.04 in 2014). This was the first time in its history it was robbed. Barns was later apprehended by the FBI (coining the term "G man" during his arrest) and sent to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in San Francisco Bay.
Центр Колфакса. Центр Колфакса – это исторический район, включенный в Национальный реестр исторических мест, и представляющий собой богатую коллекцию исторической архитектуры, датируемой периодом с 1890-х по 1930-е годы. Границы центрального района проходят по улицам Уптон (на севере), Стивенс (на юге), Милл (на востоке) и реке Палуз (на западе).
The Codger Pole is a chainsaw carved monument by master carver Jonathan LaBenne. It is located on Main Street and commemorates a 1988 rematch, 50 years after the original 1938 game, between archrival football teams from Colfax High School and St. John. At 65 feet (20 m) tall, it is the largest sculpture of its type in the world, and consists of portraits, carved into five upended red cedar logs, of the 51 players involved. The players are shown in old age but are wearing the football uniforms of the thirties. The Codger Pole was recently renovated as of May 2016. It is located at the intersection of Main and Rock Streets. Downtown Colfax Downtown Colfax is a National Register Historic District consisting of a rich collection of historic architecture ranging from the 1890s to the 1930s. The Downtown District boundaries are Upton Street to the north, Stevens Street to the south, Mill Street to the east, and the Palouse River to the west. Former St. Ignatius Hospital The Former St. Ignatius Hospital which dates from 1892. This location served as a hospital for central and northern Whitman County from 1892 to 1968. When the hospital was relocated up the hill a nursing facility was located on the lower floors from 1968 to 2002. The property has been abandoned since 2002 after a water main broke on the upper floors in winter. The site is currently closed to the public. The Perkins House, on Perkins Avenue, is a meticulously restored Victorian home built in 1886. The original owner was James Perkins, a leading pioneer citizen. The Perkins family occupied the home until 1968, by which time it was sadly dilapidated and slated for demolition. In 1970, the Whitman County Historical Society assumed ownership and began restoring the house, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Behind the house is a log cabin, built in 1870, where Perkins lived for sixteen years. This cabin is the oldest standing structure in Whitman County. The house is open for tours from May to September, on Thursdays and Saturdays. The house is now home of the Colfax Chamber of Commerce and Colfax Downtown Association and is open from 8 AM to 5 PM Monday thru Friday and Saturdays. For more information, explorecolfax. com
Schmuck Park This park is the most utilized park in the City. It lies at the intersection of Sixth and Morton Street. The park consists of a skate park, swimming pool, baseball diamond, track, and picnic facilities. Colfax Golf Course and Country Club is a nine hole course beside the river on North Palouse River Road. McDonald Park, located immediately north of the golf course, consists of playing fields surrounded by a paved walking/jogging path. Regional baseball and softball tournaments are hosted here. The Colfax Trail is a three mile (5 km) path converted from a disused railway line. It begins at a gravel quarry off Highway 26, just beyond the town's western limit, and follows the Palouse River westward, traversing cow pastures, pine woods, wetlands, and basalt cliffs. In 1932 George Barns, AKA Machine Gun Kelly, robbed the First Savings & Trust Bank at 102 N Main Street of $77,000 ($1,319,572.04 in 2014). This was the first time in its history it was robbed. Barns was later apprehended by the FBI (coining the term "G man" during his arrest) and sent to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in San Francisco Bay.
Бывшая больница Святого Игнатия. Бывшая больница Святого Игнатия, основанная в 1892 году, служила больницей для центральной и северной частей округа Уитман с 1892 по 1968 год. После переезда больницы наверх по склону холма, на нижних этажах с 1968 по 2002 год располагался пункт сестринского ухода. Здание заброшено с 2002 года после прорыва водопроводной трубы на верхних этажах зимой. В настоящее время доступ на территорию закрыт.
The Codger Pole is a chainsaw carved monument by master carver Jonathan LaBenne. It is located on Main Street and commemorates a 1988 rematch, 50 years after the original 1938 game, between archrival football teams from Colfax High School and St. John. At 65 feet (20 m) tall, it is the largest sculpture of its type in the world, and consists of portraits, carved into five upended red cedar logs, of the 51 players involved. The players are shown in old age but are wearing the football uniforms of the thirties. The Codger Pole was recently renovated as of May 2016. It is located at the intersection of Main and Rock Streets. Downtown Colfax Downtown Colfax is a National Register Historic District consisting of a rich collection of historic architecture ranging from the 1890s to the 1930s. The Downtown District boundaries are Upton Street to the north, Stevens Street to the south, Mill Street to the east, and the Palouse River to the west. Former St. Ignatius Hospital The Former St. Ignatius Hospital which dates from 1892. This location served as a hospital for central and northern Whitman County from 1892 to 1968. When the hospital was relocated up the hill a nursing facility was located on the lower floors from 1968 to 2002. The property has been abandoned since 2002 after a water main broke on the upper floors in winter. The site is currently closed to the public. The Perkins House, on Perkins Avenue, is a meticulously restored Victorian home built in 1886. The original owner was James Perkins, a leading pioneer citizen. The Perkins family occupied the home until 1968, by which time it was sadly dilapidated and slated for demolition. In 1970, the Whitman County Historical Society assumed ownership and began restoring the house, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Behind the house is a log cabin, built in 1870, where Perkins lived for sixteen years. This cabin is the oldest standing structure in Whitman County. The house is open for tours from May to September, on Thursdays and Saturdays. The house is now home of the Colfax Chamber of Commerce and Colfax Downtown Association and is open from 8 AM to 5 PM Monday thru Friday and Saturdays. For more information, explorecolfax. com
Schmuck Park This park is the most utilized park in the City. It lies at the intersection of Sixth and Morton Street. The park consists of a skate park, swimming pool, baseball diamond, track, and picnic facilities. Colfax Golf Course and Country Club is a nine hole course beside the river on North Palouse River Road. McDonald Park, located immediately north of the golf course, consists of playing fields surrounded by a paved walking/jogging path. Regional baseball and softball tournaments are hosted here. The Colfax Trail is a three mile (5 km) path converted from a disused railway line. It begins at a gravel quarry off Highway 26, just beyond the town's western limit, and follows the Palouse River westward, traversing cow pastures, pine woods, wetlands, and basalt cliffs. In 1932 George Barns, AKA Machine Gun Kelly, robbed the First Savings & Trust Bank at 102 N Main Street of $77,000 ($1,319,572.04 in 2014). This was the first time in its history it was robbed. Barns was later apprehended by the FBI (coining the term "G man" during his arrest) and sent to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in San Francisco Bay.
Дом Перкинса, расположенный на проспекте Перкинса, – это тщательно отреставрированный викторианский дом, построенный в 1886 году. Первым владельцем был Джеймс Перкинс, один из ведущих пионеров. Семья Перкинсов жила в этом доме до 1968 года, когда он пришел в упадок и был запланирован под снос. В 1970 году историческое общество округа Уитман взяло на себя владение и приступило к реставрации дома, который теперь внесен в Национальный реестр исторических мест. За домом находится бревенчатая хижина, построенная в 1870 году, где Перкинс прожил шестнадцать лет. Эта хижина – старейшее сохранившееся строение в округе Уитман. Дом открыт для экскурсий с мая по сентябрь, по четвергам и субботам. В настоящее время в доме располагаются Торговая палата Колфакса и Ассоциация центра города Колфакса, и он открыт с 8:00 до 17:00 с понедельника по пятницу и в субботу. Дополнительную информацию можно найти на сайте explorecolfax.com.
The Codger Pole is a chainsaw carved monument by master carver Jonathan LaBenne. It is located on Main Street and commemorates a 1988 rematch, 50 years after the original 1938 game, between archrival football teams from Colfax High School and St. John. At 65 feet (20 m) tall, it is the largest sculpture of its type in the world, and consists of portraits, carved into five upended red cedar logs, of the 51 players involved. The players are shown in old age but are wearing the football uniforms of the thirties. The Codger Pole was recently renovated as of May 2016. It is located at the intersection of Main and Rock Streets. Downtown Colfax Downtown Colfax is a National Register Historic District consisting of a rich collection of historic architecture ranging from the 1890s to the 1930s. The Downtown District boundaries are Upton Street to the north, Stevens Street to the south, Mill Street to the east, and the Palouse River to the west. Former St. Ignatius Hospital The Former St. Ignatius Hospital which dates from 1892. This location served as a hospital for central and northern Whitman County from 1892 to 1968. When the hospital was relocated up the hill a nursing facility was located on the lower floors from 1968 to 2002. The property has been abandoned since 2002 after a water main broke on the upper floors in winter. The site is currently closed to the public. The Perkins House, on Perkins Avenue, is a meticulously restored Victorian home built in 1886. The original owner was James Perkins, a leading pioneer citizen. The Perkins family occupied the home until 1968, by which time it was sadly dilapidated and slated for demolition. In 1970, the Whitman County Historical Society assumed ownership and began restoring the house, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Behind the house is a log cabin, built in 1870, where Perkins lived for sixteen years. This cabin is the oldest standing structure in Whitman County. The house is open for tours from May to September, on Thursdays and Saturdays. The house is now home of the Colfax Chamber of Commerce and Colfax Downtown Association and is open from 8 AM to 5 PM Monday thru Friday and Saturdays. For more information, explorecolfax. com
Schmuck Park This park is the most utilized park in the City. It lies at the intersection of Sixth and Morton Street. The park consists of a skate park, swimming pool, baseball diamond, track, and picnic facilities. Colfax Golf Course and Country Club is a nine hole course beside the river on North Palouse River Road. McDonald Park, located immediately north of the golf course, consists of playing fields surrounded by a paved walking/jogging path. Regional baseball and softball tournaments are hosted here. The Colfax Trail is a three mile (5 km) path converted from a disused railway line. It begins at a gravel quarry off Highway 26, just beyond the town's western limit, and follows the Palouse River westward, traversing cow pastures, pine woods, wetlands, and basalt cliffs. In 1932 George Barns, AKA Machine Gun Kelly, robbed the First Savings & Trust Bank at 102 N Main Street of $77,000 ($1,319,572.04 in 2014). This was the first time in its history it was robbed. Barns was later apprehended by the FBI (coining the term "G man" during his arrest) and sent to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in San Francisco Bay.
Парк Шмук. Этот парк является самым посещаемым в городе. Он расположен на пересечении Шестой и Мортон-стрит и включает в себя скейт-парк, бассейн, бейсбольное поле, беговую дорожку и места для пикников.
The Codger Pole is a chainsaw carved monument by master carver Jonathan LaBenne. It is located on Main Street and commemorates a 1988 rematch, 50 years after the original 1938 game, between archrival football teams from Colfax High School and St. John. At 65 feet (20 m) tall, it is the largest sculpture of its type in the world, and consists of portraits, carved into five upended red cedar logs, of the 51 players involved. The players are shown in old age but are wearing the football uniforms of the thirties. The Codger Pole was recently renovated as of May 2016. It is located at the intersection of Main and Rock Streets. Downtown Colfax Downtown Colfax is a National Register Historic District consisting of a rich collection of historic architecture ranging from the 1890s to the 1930s. The Downtown District boundaries are Upton Street to the north, Stevens Street to the south, Mill Street to the east, and the Palouse River to the west. Former St. Ignatius Hospital The Former St. Ignatius Hospital which dates from 1892. This location served as a hospital for central and northern Whitman County from 1892 to 1968. When the hospital was relocated up the hill a nursing facility was located on the lower floors from 1968 to 2002. The property has been abandoned since 2002 after a water main broke on the upper floors in winter. The site is currently closed to the public. The Perkins House, on Perkins Avenue, is a meticulously restored Victorian home built in 1886. The original owner was James Perkins, a leading pioneer citizen. The Perkins family occupied the home until 1968, by which time it was sadly dilapidated and slated for demolition. In 1970, the Whitman County Historical Society assumed ownership and began restoring the house, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Behind the house is a log cabin, built in 1870, where Perkins lived for sixteen years. This cabin is the oldest standing structure in Whitman County. The house is open for tours from May to September, on Thursdays and Saturdays. The house is now home of the Colfax Chamber of Commerce and Colfax Downtown Association and is open from 8 AM to 5 PM Monday thru Friday and Saturdays. For more information, explorecolfax. com
Schmuck Park This park is the most utilized park in the City. It lies at the intersection of Sixth and Morton Street. The park consists of a skate park, swimming pool, baseball diamond, track, and picnic facilities. Colfax Golf Course and Country Club is a nine hole course beside the river on North Palouse River Road. McDonald Park, located immediately north of the golf course, consists of playing fields surrounded by a paved walking/jogging path. Regional baseball and softball tournaments are hosted here. The Colfax Trail is a three mile (5 km) path converted from a disused railway line. It begins at a gravel quarry off Highway 26, just beyond the town's western limit, and follows the Palouse River westward, traversing cow pastures, pine woods, wetlands, and basalt cliffs. In 1932 George Barns, AKA Machine Gun Kelly, robbed the First Savings & Trust Bank at 102 N Main Street of $77,000 ($1,319,572.04 in 2014). This was the first time in its history it was robbed. Barns was later apprehended by the FBI (coining the term "G man" during his arrest) and sent to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in San Francisco Bay.
Гольф-клуб и загородный клуб Колфакса – это поле на девять лунок, расположенное у реки на Северной Палуз-Ривер-Роуд. Парк Макдональд, расположенный непосредственно к северу от поля для гольфа, состоит из игровых полей, окруженных мощеной пешеходной/беговой дорожкой. Здесь проводятся региональные турниры по бейсболу и софтболу.
The Codger Pole is a chainsaw carved monument by master carver Jonathan LaBenne. It is located on Main Street and commemorates a 1988 rematch, 50 years after the original 1938 game, between archrival football teams from Colfax High School and St. John. At 65 feet (20 m) tall, it is the largest sculpture of its type in the world, and consists of portraits, carved into five upended red cedar logs, of the 51 players involved. The players are shown in old age but are wearing the football uniforms of the thirties. The Codger Pole was recently renovated as of May 2016. It is located at the intersection of Main and Rock Streets. Downtown Colfax Downtown Colfax is a National Register Historic District consisting of a rich collection of historic architecture ranging from the 1890s to the 1930s. The Downtown District boundaries are Upton Street to the north, Stevens Street to the south, Mill Street to the east, and the Palouse River to the west. Former St. Ignatius Hospital The Former St. Ignatius Hospital which dates from 1892. This location served as a hospital for central and northern Whitman County from 1892 to 1968. When the hospital was relocated up the hill a nursing facility was located on the lower floors from 1968 to 2002. The property has been abandoned since 2002 after a water main broke on the upper floors in winter. The site is currently closed to the public. The Perkins House, on Perkins Avenue, is a meticulously restored Victorian home built in 1886. The original owner was James Perkins, a leading pioneer citizen. The Perkins family occupied the home until 1968, by which time it was sadly dilapidated and slated for demolition. In 1970, the Whitman County Historical Society assumed ownership and began restoring the house, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Behind the house is a log cabin, built in 1870, where Perkins lived for sixteen years. This cabin is the oldest standing structure in Whitman County. The house is open for tours from May to September, on Thursdays and Saturdays. The house is now home of the Colfax Chamber of Commerce and Colfax Downtown Association and is open from 8 AM to 5 PM Monday thru Friday and Saturdays. For more information, explorecolfax. com
Schmuck Park This park is the most utilized park in the City. It lies at the intersection of Sixth and Morton Street. The park consists of a skate park, swimming pool, baseball diamond, track, and picnic facilities. Colfax Golf Course and Country Club is a nine hole course beside the river on North Palouse River Road. McDonald Park, located immediately north of the golf course, consists of playing fields surrounded by a paved walking/jogging path. Regional baseball and softball tournaments are hosted here. The Colfax Trail is a three mile (5 km) path converted from a disused railway line. It begins at a gravel quarry off Highway 26, just beyond the town's western limit, and follows the Palouse River westward, traversing cow pastures, pine woods, wetlands, and basalt cliffs. In 1932 George Barns, AKA Machine Gun Kelly, robbed the First Savings & Trust Bank at 102 N Main Street of $77,000 ($1,319,572.04 in 2014). This was the first time in its history it was robbed. Barns was later apprehended by the FBI (coining the term "G man" during his arrest) and sent to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in San Francisco Bay.
Тропа Колфакса – это трехмильная (5 км) тропа, преобразованная из заброшенной железнодорожной линии. Она начинается у гравийного карьера у шоссе 26, сразу за западной границей города, и идет вдоль реки Палуз на запад, пересекая пастбища, сосновые леса, болота и базальтовые скалы.
The Codger Pole is a chainsaw carved monument by master carver Jonathan LaBenne. It is located on Main Street and commemorates a 1988 rematch, 50 years after the original 1938 game, between archrival football teams from Colfax High School and St. John. At 65 feet (20 m) tall, it is the largest sculpture of its type in the world, and consists of portraits, carved into five upended red cedar logs, of the 51 players involved. The players are shown in old age but are wearing the football uniforms of the thirties. The Codger Pole was recently renovated as of May 2016. It is located at the intersection of Main and Rock Streets. Downtown Colfax Downtown Colfax is a National Register Historic District consisting of a rich collection of historic architecture ranging from the 1890s to the 1930s. The Downtown District boundaries are Upton Street to the north, Stevens Street to the south, Mill Street to the east, and the Palouse River to the west. Former St. Ignatius Hospital The Former St. Ignatius Hospital which dates from 1892. This location served as a hospital for central and northern Whitman County from 1892 to 1968. When the hospital was relocated up the hill a nursing facility was located on the lower floors from 1968 to 2002. The property has been abandoned since 2002 after a water main broke on the upper floors in winter. The site is currently closed to the public. The Perkins House, on Perkins Avenue, is a meticulously restored Victorian home built in 1886. The original owner was James Perkins, a leading pioneer citizen. The Perkins family occupied the home until 1968, by which time it was sadly dilapidated and slated for demolition. In 1970, the Whitman County Historical Society assumed ownership and began restoring the house, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Behind the house is a log cabin, built in 1870, where Perkins lived for sixteen years. This cabin is the oldest standing structure in Whitman County. The house is open for tours from May to September, on Thursdays and Saturdays. The house is now home of the Colfax Chamber of Commerce and Colfax Downtown Association and is open from 8 AM to 5 PM Monday thru Friday and Saturdays. For more information, explorecolfax. com
Schmuck Park This park is the most utilized park in the City. It lies at the intersection of Sixth and Morton Street. The park consists of a skate park, swimming pool, baseball diamond, track, and picnic facilities. Colfax Golf Course and Country Club is a nine hole course beside the river on North Palouse River Road. McDonald Park, located immediately north of the golf course, consists of playing fields surrounded by a paved walking/jogging path. Regional baseball and softball tournaments are hosted here. The Colfax Trail is a three mile (5 km) path converted from a disused railway line. It begins at a gravel quarry off Highway 26, just beyond the town's western limit, and follows the Palouse River westward, traversing cow pastures, pine woods, wetlands, and basalt cliffs. In 1932 George Barns, AKA Machine Gun Kelly, robbed the First Savings & Trust Bank at 102 N Main Street of $77,000 ($1,319,572.04 in 2014). This was the first time in its history it was robbed. Barns was later apprehended by the FBI (coining the term "G man" during his arrest) and sent to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in San Francisco Bay.
В 1932 году Джордж Барнс, также известный как «Пулемет Келли», ограбил Первый сберегательный и трастовый банк по адресу 102 N Main Street на сумму 77 000 долларов (1 319 572,04 доллара в 2014 году). Это было первое ограбление в истории банка. Барнс был позже задержан ФБР (в процессе ареста было введено в обиход выражение «G-man») и отправлен в федеральную тюрьму Алькатрас в заливе Сан-Франциско.
The Codger Pole is a chainsaw carved monument by master carver Jonathan LaBenne. It is located on Main Street and commemorates a 1988 rematch, 50 years after the original 1938 game, between archrival football teams from Colfax High School and St. John. At 65 feet (20 m) tall, it is the largest sculpture of its type in the world, and consists of portraits, carved into five upended red cedar logs, of the 51 players involved. The players are shown in old age but are wearing the football uniforms of the thirties. The Codger Pole was recently renovated as of May 2016. It is located at the intersection of Main and Rock Streets. Downtown Colfax Downtown Colfax is a National Register Historic District consisting of a rich collection of historic architecture ranging from the 1890s to the 1930s. The Downtown District boundaries are Upton Street to the north, Stevens Street to the south, Mill Street to the east, and the Palouse River to the west. Former St. Ignatius Hospital The Former St. Ignatius Hospital which dates from 1892. This location served as a hospital for central and northern Whitman County from 1892 to 1968. When the hospital was relocated up the hill a nursing facility was located on the lower floors from 1968 to 2002. The property has been abandoned since 2002 after a water main broke on the upper floors in winter. The site is currently closed to the public. The Perkins House, on Perkins Avenue, is a meticulously restored Victorian home built in 1886. The original owner was James Perkins, a leading pioneer citizen. The Perkins family occupied the home until 1968, by which time it was sadly dilapidated and slated for demolition. In 1970, the Whitman County Historical Society assumed ownership and began restoring the house, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Behind the house is a log cabin, built in 1870, where Perkins lived for sixteen years. This cabin is the oldest standing structure in Whitman County. The house is open for tours from May to September, on Thursdays and Saturdays. The house is now home of the Colfax Chamber of Commerce and Colfax Downtown Association and is open from 8 AM to 5 PM Monday thru Friday and Saturdays. For more information, explorecolfax. com
Schmuck Park This park is the most utilized park in the City. It lies at the intersection of Sixth and Morton Street. The park consists of a skate park, swimming pool, baseball diamond, track, and picnic facilities. Colfax Golf Course and Country Club is a nine hole course beside the river on North Palouse River Road. McDonald Park, located immediately north of the golf course, consists of playing fields surrounded by a paved walking/jogging path. Regional baseball and softball tournaments are hosted here. The Colfax Trail is a three mile (5 km) path converted from a disused railway line. It begins at a gravel quarry off Highway 26, just beyond the town's western limit, and follows the Palouse River westward, traversing cow pastures, pine woods, wetlands, and basalt cliffs. In 1932 George Barns, AKA Machine Gun Kelly, robbed the First Savings & Trust Bank at 102 N Main Street of $77,000 ($1,319,572.04 in 2014). This was the first time in its history it was robbed. Barns was later apprehended by the FBI (coining the term "G man" during his arrest) and sent to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in San Francisco Bay.
Ежегодные мероприятия
Палузская плужная встреча и Палузская империя жатвы – проводятся соответственно в третьи выходные апреля и в первые выходные после Дня труда. Фермеры демонстрируют традиционные методы вспашки и уборки урожая в поле в 8 километрах к западу от города. Perkins House Ice Cream Social – проводится в последнее воскресенье июня на лужайке дома Перкинсов; мороженое, пироги, живая музыка в стиле диксиленд, выставки и бесплатные экскурсии по дому. Дни реки Конкрет – летний фестиваль, проводимый во вторые выходные июля, с парадом, распродажами и множеством мероприятий на открытом воздухе; назван так, потому что русло реки Палуз в центре Кольфакса облицовано бетоном для предотвращения наводнений, и вода стекает в узкий центральный канал в сухой сезон. Фестиваль больше не проводится с 2016 года. Палузская ярмарка Империи – проводится в начале сентября в 8 километрах к западу от города; аттракционы, родео, живая музыка и загоны, полные скота и изделий ручной работы. Зимний фестиваль – ночной парад, проводимый в центре Колфакса, на Главной улице, в первый четверг декабря. Праздничные платформы, бесплатные конфеты, специальные программы в публичной библиотеке и Санта-Клаус.
Palouse Plowing Bee and Palouse Empire Threshing Bee− held respectively on the third weekend in April and the first weekend after Labor Day. Farmers demonstrate traditional plowing and harvesting methods in a field 5 mile (8 km) west of town. Perkins House Ice Cream Social − Held on the last Sunday in June on the lawn of the Perkins House; ice cream, pie, live Dixieland music, displays, and free house tours. Concrete River Days − A summer festival held on the second weekend in July, with a parade, sidewalk sales, and many outdoor activities; so named because the Palouse riverbed in downtown Colfax has been lined with concrete for the sake of flood control, and the water descends into a narrow central channel during the dry season. The festival is no longer held as of 2016. Palouse Empire Fair − Held in early September 5 mile (8 km) west of town; a midway, a rodeo, live music, and barns full of livestock and handicrafts. Winter Festival− a night parade held in downtown Colfax, Main Street, on the first Thursday in December. Festive floats, free candy, special programs at the public library, and Santa Claus.
Медиа
Еженедельная газета «Whitman County Gazette» издается в Колфаксе. Кроме того, в Колфаксе издается «The Daily Bulletin» – одностраничная газета с ежедневными новостями и рекламой. «Moscow-Pullman Daily News» также обслуживает этот регион.
A weekly newspaper called the Whitman County Gazette is published in Colfax. In addition, The Daily Bulletin, a one page paper with daily news and advertisements, is published in Colfax. The Moscow Pullman Daily News also serves the region.
Правительство
Среди прочих удобств города — начальная школа имени Леонарда Дженнингса, средняя школа Колфакса, больница округа Уитман, несколько домов престарелых (Хилл-Рэй-Плаза, Уитманский дом престарелых и The Courtyard), Paul's Place Assisted Living, одиннадцать городских парков, скейт-парк, бассейн и публичная библиотека. Как административный центр округа, Колфакс также является местонахождением окружного суда округа Уитман и окружной тюрьмы округа Уитман. Местное управление осуществляется городским советом из семи членов и мэром.
Among the town's other amenities are Leonard Jennings Elementary School, Colfax High School, Whitman Community Hospital, multiple retirement facilities (Hill Ray Plaza, Whitman Nursing Home, and The Courtyard), Paul's Place Assisted Living, eleven city parks, a skateboard park, a swimming pool and a public library. As the county seat, Colfax is also home to the Whitman County Courthouse and the Whitman County Jail. The local government consists of a seven member city council and a mayor.
Демография
Население остаётся около 3000 человек с 1910 года.
The population has hovered near 3,000 since 1910.
Перепись 2010 года
По данным переписи населения 2010 года, в городе проживало 2805 человек, 1236 домохозяйств и 718 семей. Плотность населения составляла [укажите плотность населения, отсутствующую в оригинале]. Насчитывалось 1405 единиц жилья при средней плотности [укажите плотность жилья, отсутствующую в оригинале]. Расовый состав города был следующим: 95,6% белых, 0,5% афроамериканцев, 0,4% коренных американцев, 1,5% азиатов, 0,1% уроженцев тихоокеанских островов, 0,5% представители других рас и 1,4% представители двух или более рас. Испанцы или латиноамериканцы любой расы составляли 2,8% населения. Из 1236 домохозяйств 27,1% имели детей в возрасте до 18 лет, проживающих с ними, 46,4% представляли собой супружеские пары, проживающие вместе, в 8,3% домохозяйств была женщина-глава семьи без мужа, в 3,5% – мужчина-глава семьи без жены, а 41,9% не являлись семьями. 37,5% всех домохозяйств состояли из отдельных лиц, а в 18,2% проживал хотя бы один человек в возрасте 65 лет и старше. Средний размер домохозяйства составлял 2,19 человека, а средний размер семьи – 2,89 человека. Средний возраст в городе составлял 42,7 года. 22,9% жителей были моложе 18 лет, 6,7% – в возрасте от 18 до 24 лет, 23,3% – от 25 до 44 лет, 25,7% – от 45 до 64 лет и 21,2% – 65 лет и старше. Гендерный состав города составлял 49,7% мужчин и 50,3% женщин.
As of the 2010 census, there were 2,805 people, 1,236 households, and 718 families residing in the city. The population density was There were 1,405 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the city was 95.6% White, 0.5% African American, 0.4% Native American, 1.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.5% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of the population. There were 1,236 households, of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.9% were non families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.89. The median age in the city was 42.7 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.3% were from 25 to 44; 25.7% were from 45 to 64; and 21.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.
Перепись 2000 года
По данным переписи населения 2000 года, в городе проживало 2844 человека, 1191 домохозяйство и 740 семей. Плотность населения составляла 1705,6 человек на квадратную милю (657,5/км²). На территории находилось 1357 единиц жилья со средней плотностью 813,8 на квадратную милю (313,7/км²). Расовый состав города был следующим: 94,16% белых, 0,25% афроамериканцев, 0,84% коренных американцев, 2,07% азиатов, 0,60% представители других рас и 2,07% представители двух или более рас. Доля испаноговорящих и латиноамериканцев любого происхождения составляла 1,48% населения. Всего в городе насчитывалось 1191 домохозяйство, из которых в 27,9% проживали дети в возрасте до 18 лет, 52,6% представляли собой супружеские пары, проживающие совместно, в 6,9% домохозяйств главой семьи была женщина, не имеющая мужа, а 37,8% не являлись семьями. 35,0% всех домохозяйств состояли из отдельных лиц, при этом 18,1% из них были люди в возрасте 65 лет и старше, проживающие одни. Средний размер домохозяйства составлял 2,24 человека, а средний размер семьи – 2,90 человека. Возрастная структура населения города выглядела следующим образом: 23,5% – лица младше 18 лет, 6,2% – от 18 до 24 лет, 25,6% – от 25 до 44 лет, 22,6% – от 45 до 64 лет и 22,1% – в возрасте 65 лет и старше. Средний возраст составлял 41 год, что значительно выше среднего показателя по стране – 35,3 года, возможно, из-за наличия в городе нескольких поселков для пенсионеров. На 100 женщин приходилось 93,6 мужчин. Среди лиц в возрасте 18 лет и старше на 100 женщин приходилось 89,6 мужчин. Средний доход домохозяйства в городе составлял 36 622 доллара, а средний доход семьи – 47 589 долларов. Средний доход мужчин составлял 32 188 долларов, а средний доход женщин – 26 349 долларов. Доход на душу населения составлял 18 519 долларов. Около 6,1% семей и 9,3% населения проживали за чертой бедности, в том числе 9,7% лиц младше 18 лет и 6,8% лиц в возрасте 65 лет и старше.
As of the 2000 census, there were 2,844 people, 1,191 households, and 740 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,705.6 people per square mile (657.5/km). There were 1,357 housing units at an average density of 813.8 per square mile (313.7/km). The racial makeup of the city was 94.16% White, 0.25% African American, 0.84% Native American, 2.07% Asian, 0.60% from other races, and 2.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.48% of the population. There were 1,191 households, out of which 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.8% were non families. 35.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.90. In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 23.5% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 22.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years, well above the national average of 35.3—possibly due to the presence of several retirement communities. For every 100 females, there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $36,622, and the median income for a family was $47,589. Males had a median income of $32,188 versus $26,349 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,519. About 6.1% of families and 9.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.7% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.
Транспортировка
Колфакс расположен на пересечении федеральной трассы 195 и автомагистрали 26, обеспечивающих связь с Сиэтлом, Споканом и Пулманом. Город известен своими засадами на превышающих скорость, с ограничением скорости на трассе US 195 в черте города и усилением контроля во время мероприятий Вашингтонского государственного университета, в том числе футбольных матчей.
Colfax lies at the intersection of U. S. Route 195 and State Route 26, which provide onward connections to Seattle, Spokane, and Pullman. The city is infamous for speed traps, with a speed limit on US 195 within city limits, and increases enforcement during Washington State University events, including football games.