List of Martian canals

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This is an incomplete list of Martian canals from the erroneous belief in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that "Martian canals" existed on the surface of the red planet. These canals were named by Giovanni Schiaparelli and Percival Lowell, amongst others, after real and legendary rivers of various places on Earth or the mythological underworld. A partial list of names are provided below with the regions that the canals were thought to connect.

Scamander /s//k//ə/'/m//æ//n//d//ər/ S to N from Mare Chronium to Mare Cimmerium, between Electris and Eridania From the river Scamander in the Troad Sesamus '/s//ɛ//s//ə//m//ə//s/ From a Paphlagonian river Simoïs '/s//ɪ//m//oʊ//ɪ//s/ S to N from Mare Chronium to Mare Cimmerium between Phaëthontis and Electris From the river Simoïs in the Troad Sirenius /s//aɪ/'/r//iː//n//i//ə//s/ N to S: connects the Tanais canal near Nerigos with the E end of Mare Sirenum Means "of the Sirens Siris '/s//aɪər//ɪ//s/ From an Italian river in Lucania Sitacus '/s//ɪ//t//ə//k//ə//s/ NE to SW: connects Coloë Palus to Fastigium Aryn From the name of a river in Persis Steropes '/s//t//ɛr//oʊ//p//iː//z/ From the name of a Cyclops Styx '/s//t//ɪ//k//s/ From the mythical river Styx in Hades Surius '/sj//ʊər//i//ə//s/ From a river of Colchis Tanaïs '/t//æ//n//eɪ//.//ɪ//s/ From Tanais, an old name for the river Don in Sarmatia Tantalus '/t//æ//n//t//ə//l//ə//s/ From Tantalus, a mythical king imprisoned in Hades Tartarus '/t//ɑːr//t//ər//ə//s/ N to S: connects Trivium Charontis to Titanum Sinus From Tartarus, a name for the Underworld Tedanius /t//ɪ/'/d//eɪ//n//i//ə//s/ From an Illyrian river Thermodon /θ//ɛər/'/m//oʊ//d//ɒ//n/ Thoth '/θ//ɒ//θ/ From the name of the Egyptian god Thoth Thyanis '/θ//aɪ//ə//n//ɪ//s/ Possibly an error for Thyamus, the name of a river of Epirus Titan '/t//aɪ//t//ən/ From the Titans, the relatives and opponents of the gods Tithonius /t//aɪ/'/θ//oʊ//n//i//ə//s/ Triton '/t//r//aɪ//t//ɒ//n/ NW to SE: connects Nepenthes canal to the W end of Mare Cimmerium From the seadeity Triton Tyndis '/t//ɪ//n//d//ɪ//s/ Typhon '/t//aɪ//f//ɒ//n/ E to W: connects Deltoton Sinus to Sirbonis Palus Typhonius /t//aɪ/'/f//oʊ//n//i//ə//s/ Ulysses /j//uː/'/l//ɪ//s//iː//z/ From Ulysses, the Roman name for Odysseus Uranius /j//ʊəˈr//eɪ//n//i//ə//s/ E to W: connects Lunae Lacus to Ascraeus Lacus Xanthus '/z//æ//n//θ//ə//s/ N to S: connects Mare Tyrrhenum to Promethei Sinus, between Eridania and Ausonia Means "yellow" Xenius '/z//iː//n//i//ə//s/ NE to SW: connects Arethusa Lacus to Dirce Fons