События и личности в истории: от XIV до XIX века.

1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. 1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last religious community to be closed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. 1568 – The Peace of Longjumeau is signed, ending the second phase of the French Wars of Religion.

1775 – American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his speech – "Give me liberty, or give me death!" – at St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia. 1801 – Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death inside his bedroom at St. Michael's Castle. 1806 – After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their arduous journey home. 1821 – Greek War of Independence: Battle and fall of city of Kalamata. 1839 – A massive earthquake destroys the former capital Inwa of the Konbaung dynasty, present day Myanmar. 1848 – The ship John Wickliffe arrives at Port Chalmers carrying the first Scottish settlers for Dunedin, New Zealand. Otago province is founded. 1857 – Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City. 1862 – American Civil War: The First Battle of Kernstown, Virginia, marks the start of Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign. Although a Confederate defeat, the engagement distracts Federal efforts to capture Richmond. 1868 – The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law. 1879 – War of the Pacific: The Battle of Topáter, the first battle of the war is fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia and Peru. 1885 – Sino French War: Chinese victory in the Battle of Phu Lam Tao near Hưng Hóa, northern Vietnam. 1888 – In England, The Football League, the world's oldest professional association football league, meets for the first time. 1889 – The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is established by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Qadian, British India.

1338 – Emperor Go Kōgon of Japan (d. 1374)
1430 – Margaret of Anjou (d. 1482)
1514 – Lorenzino de' Medici, Italian writer and assassin (d. 1548)
1599 – Thomas Selle, German composer (d. 1663)

1614 – Jahanara Begum, Mughal princess (d. 1681)
1643 – Mary of Jesus de León y Delgado, Spanish Dominican lay sister and mystic (d. 1731)
1699 – John Bartram, American botanist and explorer (d. 1777)
1732 – Princess Marie Adélaïde of France (d. 1800)
1749 – Pierre Simon Laplace, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1827)
1750 – Johannes Matthias Sperger, Austrian bassist and composer (d. 1812)
1754 – Jurij Vega, Slovene mathematician, physicist and artillery officer (d. 1802)
1769 – Augustin Daniel Belliard, French general and diplomat (d. 1832)
1769 – William Smith, English geologist and cartographer (d. 1839)
1823 – Schuyler Colfax, American journalist and politician, 17th Vice President of the United States (d. 1885)
1826 – Ludwig Minkus, Austrian violinist and composer (d. 1917)
1834 – Julius Reubke, German pianist and composer (d. 1858)
1838 – Marie Adam Doerrer, Swiss women's rights activist and unionist (d. 1908)
1842 – Friedrich Amelung, Estonian German historian, businessman and composer (d. 1909)
1842 – Susan Jane Cunningham, American mathematician (d. 1921)
1858 – Ludwig Quidde, German activist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)
1860 – Horatio Bottomley, British politician and businessman (d. 1933)
1862 – Nathaniel Reed, American criminal (d. 1950)
1868 – Dietrich Eckart, German journalist and politician (d. 1923)
1869 – Calouste Gulbenkian, Turkish Armenian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1955)
1872 – Michael Joseph Savage, Australian New Zealand union leader and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1940)
1874 – Grantley Goulding, English hurdler (d. 1947)
1874 – J. C. Leyendecker, German American painter and illustrator (d. 1951)
1876 – Ziya Gökalp, Turkish sociologist, poet and activist (d. 1924)
1876 – Thakin Kodaw Hmaing, Burmese poet, writer and political leader (d. 1964)
1878 – Franz Schreker, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1934)
1880 – Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish lawyer and politician, Finnish Minister of the Interior (d. 1922)
1881 – Lacey Hearn, American sprinter (d. 1969)
1881 – Roger Martin du Gard, French novelist and paleographer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)
1881 – Hermann Staudinger, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1965)
1882 – Emmy Noether, Jewish German American mathematician, physicist and academic (d. 1935)
1884 – Joseph Boxhall, English sailor (d. 1967)
1885 – Platt Adams, American jumper and politician (d. 1961)
1885 – Roque González Garza, Mexican general and acting president (1915) (d. 1962)
1886 – Frank Irons, American long jumper (d. 1942)
1887 – Josef Čapek, Czech painter and poet (d. 1945)
1887 – Rudolf Kinau, German author (d. 1975)
1887 – Juan Gris, Spanish painter and sculptor (d. 1927)
1887 – Sidney Hillman, Lithuanian born American labor leader (d. 1946)
1891 – Po Kya, Burmese author and educationist (d. 1942)
1893 – Cedric Gibbons, Irish American art director and production designer (d. 1960)
1893 – Gopalswamy Doraiswamy Naidu, Indian engineer and businessman (d. 1974)
1894 – Arthur Grimsdell, English international footballer and cricketer (d. 1963)
1895 – Encarnacion Alzona, Filipino historian and educator (d. 2001)
1895 – Dane Rudhyar, French American astrologer, author and composer (d. 1985)
1898 – Louis Adamic, Slovenian American author, translator and politician (d. 1951)
1898 – Madeleine de Bourbon Busset, Duchess of Parma (d. 1984)
1899 – Dora Gerson, German actress and singer (d. 1943)
1900 – Erich Fromm, German psychologist and sociologist (d. 1980)

59 – Agrippina the Younger, Roman empress (b. 15)
851 – Zhou Chi, Chinese historian and politician (b. 793)
1022 – Zhen Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 968)
1103 – Eudes I, duke of Burgundy (b. 1058)
1361 – Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, English politician, Lord High Steward of England (b. 1310)
1369 – Peter, king of Castile and León (b. 1334)
1483 – Yolande, duchess of Lorraine (b. 1428)
1548 – Itagaki Nobukata, Japanese samurai (b. 1489)
1555 – Julius III, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1487)
1559 – Gelawdewos, Ethiopian emperor (b. 1521)
1596 – Henry Unton, English diplomat (b. 1557)

1606 – Justus Lipsius, Flemish philologist and scholar (b. 1547)
1618 – James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn, Scottish police officer and politician (b. 1575)
1629 – Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland, English landowner and politician (b. 1580)
1675 – Anthoni van Noordt, Dutch organist and composer (b. 1619)
1680 – Nicolas Fouquet, French politician (b. 1615)
1712 – Zebi Hirsch Kaidanover, Lithuanian born rabbi and writer (b. c. 1650)
1742 – Jean Baptiste Dubos, French historian and author (b. 1670)
1747 – Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French general (b. 1675)
1748 – Johann Gottfried Walther, German organist and composer (b. 1684)
1754 – Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian and critic (b. 1693)
1783 – Charles Carroll, English barrister and politician (b. 1723)
1792 – Luís António Verney, Portuguese philosopher and pedagogue (b. 1713)
1801 – Paul I, Russian emperor (b. 1754)
1842 – Stendhal, French novelist (b. 1783)
1862 – Manuel Robles Pezuela, Unconstitutional Mexican interim president, 1858–1859 (b. 1817)
1883 – Arthur Macalister, Scottish Australian politician, 2nd Premier of Queensland (b. 1818)
1884 – Henry C. Lord, American businessman (b. 1824)

1910 – Nadar, French photographer, journalist, and author (b. 1820)
1914 – Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar Rayès, Lebanese saint (b. 1832)
1923 – Hovhannes Tumanyan, Armenian poet and author (b. 1869)
1927 – Paul César Helleu, French painter and etcher (b. 1859)
1931 – Shivaram Rajguru, Indian activist (b. 1908)
1931 – Bhagat Singh, Indian activist (b. 1907)
1931 – Sukhdev Thapar, Indian activist (b. 1907)
1946 – Gilbert N. Lewis, American chemist (b. 1875)
1953 – Raoul Dufy, French painter and illustrator (b. 1877)
1953 – Oskar Luts, Estonian author and playwright (b. 1887)
1955 – Arthur Bernardes, Brazilian politician, 12th President of Brazil (b. 1875)
1960 – Franklin Pierce Adams, American journalist and author (b. 1881)
1960 – Said Nursî, Turkish theologian and scholar (b. 1878)
1961 – Albert Bloch, American painter and educator (b. 1882)
1961 – Jack Russell, English cricketer (b. 1887)
1963 – Thoralf Skolem, Norwegian mathematician and logician (b. 1887)
1964 – Peter Lorre, American actor (b. 1904)
1965 – Mae Murray, American actress, dancer, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1885)
1967 – Lalla Carlsen, Norwegian singer and actress (b. 1889)
1968 – Edwin O'Connor, American journalist and author (b. 1918)
1972 – Cristóbal Balenciaga, Spanish fashion designer, founded Balenciaga (b. 1895)
1978 – Haim Ernst Wertheimer, Israeli biochemist and academic (b. 1893)
1978 – Halyna Kuzmenko, Ukrainian teacher and anarchist revolutionary (b. 1897)
1979 – Ted Anderson, English footballer (b. 1911)
1980 – Arthur Melvin Okun, American economist and academic (b. 1928)
1981 – Beatrice Tinsley, English New Zealand astronomer and cosmologist (b. 1941)
1981 – Mike Hailwood, English motorcyclist (b. 1940)
1985 – Richard Beeching, Baron Beeching, English physicist and engineer (b. 1913)
1985 – Peter Charanis, Greek American scholar and educator (b. 1908)
1986 – Moshe Feinstein, American Orthodox Rabbi and posek (b. 1895)
1987 – Olev Roomet, Estonian singer and violinist (b. 1901)
1990 – John Dexter, English director and producer (b. 1925)
1991 – Margaret Atwood Judson, American historian and author (b. 1899)
1991 – Parkash Singh, Indian soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1913)
1992 – Friedrich Hayek, Austrian German economist, philosopher, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
1992 – Ron Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1949)
1994 – Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexican economist and politician (b. 1950)
1994 – Giulietta Masina, Italian actress (b. 1921)
1995 – Davie Cooper, Scottish footballer and coach (b. 1956)
1999 – Luis María Argaña, Paraguayan judge and politician, Vice President of Paraguay (b. 1932)
1999 – Osmond Borradaile, Canadian director and cinematographer (b. 1898)
2001 – Rowland Evans, American journalist (b. 1921)
2001 – Margaret Jones, British archaeologist (b. 1916)
2001 – Robert Laxalt, American author (b. 1923)
2001 – David McTaggart, Canadian badminton player and environmentalist (b. 1932)
2002 – Eileen Farrell, American soprano (b. 1920)
2002 – Ben Hollioake, Australian English cricketer (b. 1977)
2003 – Fritz Spiegl, Austrian English flute player and journalist (b. 1926)
2004 – Rupert Hamer, Australian soldier, lawyer, and politician, 39th Premier of Victoria (b. 1916)
2006 – David B. Bleak, American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1932)
2006 – Desmond Doss, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1919)
2006 – Cindy Walker, American singer songwriter and dancer (b. 1918)
2007 – Paul Cohen, American mathematician and theorist (b. 1934)
2007 – Eric Medlen, American race car driver (b. 1973)
2008 – Vaino Vahing, Estonian psychiatrist, author, and playwright (b. 1940)
2009 – Ghukas Chubaryan, Armenian sculptor (b. 1923)
2009 – Raúl Macías, Mexican boxer and trainer (b. 1934)
2011 – Jean Bartik, American computer scientist and engineer (b. 1924)
2011 – Rosario Morales, Puerto Rican poet and writer (b. 1930)
2011 – Elizabeth Taylor, American British actress, socialite and humanitarian (b. 1932)
2012 – Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, Somalian politician, President of Somalia (b. 1934)
2012 – Jim Duffy, American animator, director, and producer (b. 1937)
2012 – Naji Talib, Iraqi politician, 52nd Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1917)
2012 – Lonnie Wright, American basketball and football player (b. 1945)
2013 – Boris Berezovsky, Russian born Soviet British mathematician and businessman (b. 1946)
2013 – Onofre Corpuz, Filipino economist, historian, and academic (b. 1926)
2013 – Virgil Trucks, American baseball player and coach (b. 1917)
2013 – Joe Weider, Canadian American bodybuilder and publisher, co founded the International Federation of BodyBuilding & Fitness (b. 1919)
2014 – Dave Brockie, Canadian American singer songwriter and bass player (b. 1963)
2014 – Jaroslav Šerých, Czech painter and illustrator (b. 1928)
2014 – Adolfo Suárez, Spanish lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1932)
2015 – Gian Vittorio Baldi, Italian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1930)
2015 – Lee Kuan Yew, Singaporean lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Singapore (b. 1923)
2015 – Bobby Lowther, American basketball player and lieutenant (b. 1923)
2015 – Lil' Chris, English singer songwriter, actor, and television personality (b. 1990)
2016 – Joe Garagiola, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1926)
2016 – Ken Howard, American actor (b. 1944)
2017 – Miroslava Breach, Mexican investigative journalist (b. 1962)
2021 – George Segal, American actor (b. 1934)
2021 – Julie Pomagalski, French snowboarder (b. 1980)
2022 – Madeleine Albright, Czechoslovakian American diplomat, 64th United States Secretary of State (b. 1937)