Северный Бервик, Мэн: История и современность

the town in Maine, USA

Originally a part of Kittery called Kittery Commons, the area was first settled in 1693 by John Morrell, a Quaker who built a log cabin on Wells Street. It was set off from Kittery in 1713 as part of Berwick, named for Berwick upon Tweed on the Anglo Scottish border. Doughty Falls in the Great Works River provided water power for a sawmill, gristmill and carding mill. After the Revolutionary War, the small mill town grew rapidly. It was set off and incorporated as North Berwick on March 22, 1831. The town was named after Berwick, England. Development was spurred in 1842 by the arrival of the Portland, Saco & Portsmouth Railroad, joined by the Boston & Maine Railroad in 1873. North Berwick became a railroad hub from which its manufactured goods were shipped, including lumber, shingles, clapboards, wooden boxes, firewood, bricks, carriages, caskets, clocks, stove and shoe polish, toboggans and sleds. Also loaded aboard the boxcars were barrels of apples, blocks of ice cut from frozen ponds, granite from quarries, and tins of corn packed at a canning factory. But the 2 biggest North Berwick businesses during the 19th century made woolens and farm implements. In 1834, the Maine Legislature incorporated Lang, Hill & Company to manufacture woolen blankets, called "printing blankets," at a mill beside the Great Works River. Renamed the North Berwick Company, by 1850 its principal owner was "Friend" William Hill, who trained as a machinist at the Great Falls Manufacturing Company in Somersworth, New Hampshire. The wooden mill was destroyed by fire in 1861 but rebuilt in brick in 1862. It produced blankets for Civil War troops. The factory had 40 looms turning out 1,500 yards of flannel daily, in addition to blankets. In 1955, the North Berwick Company would close. Its landmark Greek Revival building was used as the Parrish Shoes factory in the 1995 movie Jumanji, and has since been renovated and adapted as housing.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 38.16 square miles (99 km2), of which 38.02 square miles (98 km2) is land and 0.14 square miles (0 km2) is water. North Berwick is drained by the Great Works River and its tributary, the Negutaquet River. Bauneg Beg Hill, at an elevation of 866 feet (264 m) above sea level, is the town's highest point.

As of the census of 2010, there were 4,576 people, 1,773 households, and 1,269 families residing in the town. The population density was There were 1,930 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the town was 97.1% White, 0.5% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4% of the population. There were 1,773 households, of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.2% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.4% were non families. 21.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.97. The median age in the town was 42.3 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.6% were from 25 to 44; 32.2% were from 45 to 64, and 14.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.0% male and 51.0% female.

As of the census of 2000, there were 4,293 people, 1,587 households, and 1,177 families residing in the town. The population density was There were 1,705 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the town was 97.09% White, 0.65% Black or African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.77% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.07% from other races, and 1.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.61% of the population. There were 1,587 households, out of which 36.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.7% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.8% were non families. 19.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.07. In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.0 males. The median income for a household in the town was $46,883, and the median income for a family was $51,753. Males had a median income of $35,938 versus $26,007 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,558. About 4.2% of families and 5.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.2% of those under age 18 and 1.0% of those age 65 or over.