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"North Star" is the 61st episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: Enterprise, the ninth episode of the third season. It first aired on November 12, 2003, on UPN. It was written by David A. Goodman and directed by David Straiton. Set in the 22nd century, the series follows the adventures of the first Starfleet starship Enterprise, registration NX 01. In this episode, the crew of the Enterprise discover a lost colony of humans in the Delphic Expanse. The colony originated from a wagon train from the American Old West in the 1860s which was abducted as slave labor by an alien race called the Skagarans. The humans overthrew the Skagarans and now treat them as second class citizens. Goodman wrote the episode after he was set a challenge by executive producer Rick Berman, and wrote in references to the 1940 film Santa Fe Trail and The Original Series episode "Spectre of the Gun". The episode was mostly filmed on the Western town set nicknamed "Six Points Texas" at the Universal Studios lot. Critical response to the episode was mixed, but the ratings held steady from the previous episode with a 2.6/4% share.

While in the Delphic Expanse, Enterprise discovers a planet inhabited by 6,000 humans who are living in the fashion of the 1860s American frontier alongside an alien race called Skagarans. Captain Archer, Commander Tucker and Sub Commander T'Pol beam down to the surface in period costume to investigate. They head into one of the numerous towns to observe the humans and aliens first hand, and while Tucker and T'Pol acquire a horse, Archer stops Deputy Bennings from belittling a "Skag" waiter in the town's tavern. After questioning Archer on his plans and intentions, Sheriff MacReady tells Bennings to keep a close eye on Archer. Archer, wishing to learn more about the Skagarans, enters the house of a teacher named Bethany he had seen earlier. The two depart for "Skag Town", the remnants of a 300 year old wrecked spacecraft, but the deputy notices them leave. They arrive and meet Tucker and T'Pol, who had arrived earlier. Tucker and T'Pol travel back to Enterprise to investigate some data logs found in the wreckage, while Archer stays behind. On Enterprise Ensign Sato discovers that the humans overthrew their Skagaran masters after being abducted from Earth by them and brought to the planet centuries earlier. Bennings arrests and imprisons Bethany for teaching the Skagaran children. Archer helps her to escape, but she is shot by Bennings. Archer orders an emergency beam up in front of Bennings and other locals. Doctor Phlox treats her injury and discovers that she is one quarter Skagaran. Meanwhile, back on the planet, Bennings hands in his deputy badge after MacReady orders him not to take further action against the Skagarans. Archer returns in a shuttlepod along with T'Pol and a security crew, led by Lieutenant Reed — all wearing their modern uniforms. Landing in the center of town, he informs the Sheriff that he is from Earth and will return to take them back to Earth once their mission is over. Bennings then shoots MacReady, starting a firefight. In the chaos, Archer is also shot by Bennings, but finally overpowers him in a fistfight. Enterprise then departs, but not before returning Bethany to the surface, and providing her with a PADD to educate the local children about Earth's recent history.

"North Star" was the season's third episode directed by David Straiton, while writer David A. Goodman had previously written the episodes "Judgment" and "Precious Cargo". (He also wrote the Star Trek themed Futurama episode "Where No Fan Has Gone Before".) Goodman explained that he was inspired by The Original Series episodes "A Piece of the Action" and "Patterns of Force" after executive producer Rick Berman set him the challenge of writing a "parallel Earth" story similar to those featured in TOS but that would fit with Enterprise. Goodman also added a reference to the TOS episode "Spectre of the Gun" with the naming of the character Cronin, but said that the character Kitty was named after a character in the film Santa Fe Trail (1940) rather than the radio/television series Gunsmoke. He later described "North Star" as his favourite episode of the series. It was the third Western themed Star Trek episode, after The Original Series "Spectre of the Gun" and The Next Generation "A Fistful of Datas". This episode included a number of guest cast members: Emily Bergl (Bethany) previously appeared in the miniseries Taken. Glenn Morshower (Sheriff MacReady) previously appeared in episodes of The Next Generation and Voyager. James Parks (Deputy Bennings) also appeared in Voyager. The shoot there started on the second day of filming, over a five day period, and used a number of sets including the main street, livery stable, saloon and schoolhouse. First Assistant Director (AD) Jerry Fleck died during preparations for North Star. and the episode "Extinction" was dedicated to his memory.

"North Star" was first aired on November 12, 2003, on UPN. It received a 2.6/4% share among adults between the ages of 18 and 49. This means that it was seen by 2.6 percent of all 18 to 49 year olds, and 4 percent of all 18 to 49 year olds watching television at the time of the broadcast. This was the same as the ratings received by the previous episode entitled "Twilight," but showed a loss of 200,000 viewers overall. "North Star" received lower ratings than the following episode "Similitude," which received a ratings share of 3.0/5%. In 2003, Michelle Erica Green writing for TrekNation said that she was expecting something similar to The Original Series episode "Spectre of the Gun", but was pleased to find it was more similar to Voyager "The 37's." She said that, "because the episode is stylish and beautifully paced, the morality play doesn't get too heavy handed or silly," but felt that it was one sided because of the lack of information on the Skagarans. Jamahl Epsicokhan on his website Jammer's Reviews described it as a "shallow Trek adventure by the numbers" which was "all about setting and rarely about substance." He gave it a score of two out of four. In 2014, High Def Digest said this was a "fun episode," but acknowledged it's not for everyone.

"North Star" was released as part of the season three DVD box set, released in the United States on September 27, 2005. The season was released on Blu ray in the United States on January 7, 2014. Jay Chattaway's music for the episode was released as part of the four disc Star Trek: Enterprise Collection on December 2, 2014, including the orchestral piece "Hangin' Offense".