C және C++ бағдарламалау тілдеріндегі операторлардың ұқсастығы

Similar syntax in both computer languages

This is a list of operators in the C and C++ programming languages. All the operators (except typeof) listed exist in C++; the column "Included in C", states whether an operator is also present in C. Note that C does not support operator overloading. When not overloaded, for the operators &&, ||, and , (the comma operator), there is a sequence point after the evaluation of the first operand. C++ also contains the type conversion operators const cast, static cast, dynamic cast, and reinterpret cast. The formatting of these operators means that their precedence level is unimportant. Most of the operators available in C and C++ are also available in other C family languages such as C#, D, Java, Perl, and PHP with the same precedence, associativity, and semantics.

For the purposes of these tables, a, b, and c represent valid values (literals, values from variables, or return value), object names, or lvalues, as appropriate. R, S and T stand for any type(s), and K for a class type or enumerated type. Some of the operators have alternative spellings using digraphs and trigraphs or operator synonyms.

All bitwise operators exist in C and C++ and can be overloaded in C++. Operator name Syntax Prototype examples As member of K Outside class definitions Bitwise NOT ~a Bitwise AND a & b Bitwise OR a | b Bitwise XOR a ^ b Bitwise left shift use an arithmetic shift (i. e., sign extension), but a logical shift is possible. a >> b

The precedence of the bitwise logical operators has been criticized. Conceptually, & and | are arithmetic operators like * and +. The expression is syntactically parsed as whereas the expression is parsed as This requires parentheses to be used more often than they otherwise would. Historically, there was no syntactic distinction between the bitwise and logical operators. In BCPL, B and early C, the operators didn't exist. Instead had different meaning depending on whether they are used in a 'truth value context' (i. e. when a Boolean value was expected, for example in it behaved as a logical operator, but in it behaved as a bitwise one). It was retained so as to keep backward compatibility with existing installations. Moreover, in C++ (and later versions of C) equality operations, with the exception of the three way comparison operator, yield bool type values which are conceptually a single bit (1 or 0) and as such do not properly belong in "bitwise" operations.