Үндістан Коммунистік Партиясының тарихы және Ассамдағы қызметі

the RCPI founded in 1934, and the Dasgupta/Kumar faction that was the majority wing in the 1948 split

The RCPI works toward a socialist revolution, rather than a people's democratic revolution, a national democratic revolution or a new democratic revolution. The party strives to build socialism under the leadership of the proletariat with active cooperation of other exploited strata of the humanity, including peasants, working intellectuals and non manual working sections of people.

S. N. Tagore founded the Communist League on 1 August 1934. He toured the continent on behalf of the League Against Imperialism. Albeit CPI would later moderate its positions after the Seventh Congress of the Communist International, Tagore broke with CPI and founded his own communist group (the Communist League). The Communist League preceded both the CPI and the RSP in Murshidabad.

RCPI was the first left organization to established itself in Assam. RCPI built a student movement in Assam. In November 1938 Tagore visited Assam and met with a group of students and youth. His visit was organized by the Congressman Debranath Sarma. The students would later contest, and eventually win, the Cotton College Students Union through the Assam Provincial Students Federation. On 2 May 1940 the Krishak Banuva Panchayat was formed in Gauhati as the open front group of the party in Assam. The basic unit of KBP was the Gaon Krishak Panchayat ('Village Peasants Council'). In 1949 he became a RCPI member. The efforts had meagre results. In March 1943 the name RCPI was adopted, in order to differentiate itself from the CPI. The party was often referred to as the 'Tagorites' or as the 'Ganavani group' (after the name of its publication). RCPI differed with CPI on tactical questions during the Second World War. The RCPI fully supported the Quit India movement. KBP was able to make some inroads amongst these sectors. Some Tribal League leaders in Assam, such as Aniram Basumatari and Daben Khaklari, became RCPI members in the mid 1940s. Their presence in the party helped it to make inroads amongst the tribals in Assam. Rejecting the official process for independence, RCPI began organizing panchayats (i. e. soviets) of workers and peasants in order to convene a Workers and Peasants Constituent Assembly. In December 1947 Tagore was elected president of the All India Bank Employees Association, at its conference held in Lucknow.

Tagore was jailed in November 1947. Dasgupta's view that India was ripe for armed revolution coincided with the position of the new CPI leader B. T. Ranadive. At the Jessop plant equipment was stolen. At Basirhat they attacked a police station, killing two guards and stealing 26 rifles. 39 RCPI cadres were arrested, including Dasgupta himself. In the wake of the Dum Dum Basirhat attacks, the party decided to launch an armed movement for the independence of Assam from India. Khagen Barbarua led the movement in the non tribal areas in Upper Assam. According to the government of Assam, RCPI committed 12 assassinations in the state in 1950. The government responded by cracking down on RCPI in Assam. RCPI CPI relations reached its lowest point in 1952. The party also had a separate refugee women's organization, Bangiya Dal Seba Sangathan. Prabhat Mukherjee and Amalendu Neogi were key RCPI leaders at Chandmari camp. RCPI(Rebel) in UCRC and ULF. In October 1950 RCPI forcefully took control of 175 bighas near Gayeshpur Colony and redistributed the land amongst 350 refugee families. In October 1952, the Assam government withdrew the ban on the RCPI.

RCPI was active within the United Trade Union Congress, but opposed RSP domination of UTUC.

RCPI never gained any prominence in Bihar. The influence of the party solely included a few trade unions in Chhotanagpur. One union influenced by RCPI was the Hindustan Khan Mazdoor Sangh, a coal miners' union.

Krishna Desai, a textile worker from Bombay, joined RCPI in 1947. He was elected to the Bombay Municipal Corporation at numerous times as a RCPI candidate. Another labour organizer of RCPI in Bombay was K. L. Bajaj, who became a RCPI member after a visit to Calcutta in the early 1950s. RCPI took part in the Samyukta Maharashtra struggle of the 1950s.

The party fielded 5 candidates in the 1957 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election. Khagen Barbarua of RCPI was elected to the Assam Legislative Assembly in the 1957 Assam Legislative Assembly election from the Amguri constituency. Moreover, Howrah conference elected Sudhindranath Kumar as new general secretary of the party. As per an agreement between RWP and RCPI, the Trotskyists were given five seats in the RCPI Central Committee. Two RCPI candidates were elected; Anadi Das from Howrah West and Kanai Pal (ex RWP) from Santipur. In Assam RCPI stayed out of the United Opposition Front set up by the Praja Socialist Party and independents. Khagen Barbarua retained the Amguri seat in the 1962 Assam Legislative Assembly election. RCPI had fielded 16 candidates in the election.

When Dasgupta returned after his release from jail, the relations with the former RWP cadres deteriorated.

Kumar served as convenor of the United Front formed ahead of the 1967 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election. Anadi Das lost his assembly seat in the election. During the protests against the dismissal of the first United Front cabinet in 1967, Kumar was arrested under the Preventive Detention Act. RCPI won 3 seats in the first Howrah Municipal Corporation polls, held in 1967. Md. Shamsul Huda of RCPI won the Dhing seat in the 1967 Assam Legislative Assembly election.

After the 1969 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election Kumar was named Food and Supplies Minister in the second United Front state government. The Food Minister had been given to the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in the coalition government, but CPI(M) opted to name Kumar as its choice for the post. The RCPI won two seats in the 1969 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election. The expulsion provoked a split in RCPI, with Anadi Das leading his own RCPI faction. The front, which was formally constituted in May 1970, had Kumar as its convenor. In the 1971 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election RCPI won three seats; Bimalananda Mukherjee in Santipur, Sudhindranath Kumar in Howrah Central and Trilochan Mal in Hansan. In the 1971 Indian general election RCPI and CPI(M) had an electoral understanding in Assam. RCPI fielded three candidates in the 1971 Lok Sabha election; two in Assam and one in Bihar. In the Nowgong constituency Baneswar Saikia obtained 32,619 votes (14.34%). All three were defeated, gathering 47038 votes (0.35% of the statewide vote). The Bhabanipur legislator was Ghanakanta Boro. As of the mid 1970s RCPI published the Bengali weekly Mat o Path and the Bengali fortnightly Janasadharan, both issued from Calcutta. RCPI fielded a single candidate in the 1974 Orissa Legislative Assembly election. Sarangdhar Muduli, a trade unionist, contested the Sukinda seat and obtained 478 votes (1.21%)

Ahead of the 1977 Indian general election RCPI was one of the six founding parties of the CPI(M) led West Bengal Left Front. The Left Front contested the general election in West Bengal with an electoral understanding with the Janata Party. But whilst CPI(M) was supportive of the Janata Party in Assam in the 1977 Lok Sabha election, RCPI considered the Janata Party and the Congress(I) equally dangerous. RCPI fielded a single candidate; Shamsul Huda in the Kaliabor constituency. He finished in third place with 45,047 votes (15.63%). Three of the candidates won their seats; Bimalananda Mukherjee was elected from Santipur, Trilochan Mal from Hansan and Sudhindranath Kumar from Howrah Central. RCPI fielded three candidates in the 1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election; Mukherjee in Santipur, Kumar in Howrah Central and Mal in Hansan. In total the three candidates obtained 106,973 votes (0.48% of the statewide vote). Mukherjee and Mal retained their seats. After having lost his assembly seat, Kumar lost his post as minister. Bimalananda Mukherjee replaced him as the RCPI representative in the Left Front government. However, whilst Kumar had been a cabinet minister Mukherjee was named Minister of State (for Excise). Kumar died in 1984. In 1985 a by election was held in the Hansan (SC) constituency, after the death of incumbent legislator Trilochan Mal. RCPI candidate Umakanta Roy won the by election. RCPI contested 8 out of 1111 seats in the West Bengal municipal elections of 1986. RCPI fielded three candidates in the 1987 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election; Sankar Mondol in Howrah Central, Bimalananda Mukherjee in Santipur and Trilochan Das in Hansan. In total the RCPI candidates obtained 118,985 votes (0.42% of the statewide vote). Das won the Hansan seat. Both finished in second place in their respective constituencies. In the West Bengal panchayat elections, 2003 RCPI won 3 Gram Panchayat seats (0.01% of the seats in the state), 0 Panchayat Samiti seats and 1 Zilla Parishad seat (0.14% of the seats in the state). In Nadia district Asit Biswas was elected from Gayeshpur II and Gita Rani Kundu won the Babla VIII seat. RCPI did not win any seat in the 2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election. In the West Bengal panchayat elections, 2008 RCPI won 3 Gram Panchayat seats (0.01% of the seats in the state), 0 Panchayat Samiti seats and 1 Zilla Parishad seat (0.13% of the seats in the state). Sengupta, an artist, finished in third place with 684 votes (12.38% of the votes cast)

In the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election RCPI fielded Yar Mullick in Santipur and Kamal Hassan in Hansan. Both candidates were new contestants. The election symbol of the party was determined only a few weeks before the vote. Both candidates finished in second place in their respective constituencies. In total they obtained 107,662 votes (0.23% of the statewide vote).

The left forces made significant headway in the post Emergency 1978 Assam Legislative Assembly election. RCPI won 4 seats. In total 10 candidates ran on RCPI tickets, obtaining 72,445 votes. The four RCPI legislators were Md. Shamsul Huda from Dhing, Baneswar Saikia from Batadroba, Khagen Barbarua from Amguri and Budha Baruah from Mahmara. Whilst Md. Shamsul Huda was elected with over 75% of the votes cast in his constituency, Baruah managed to get elected with just 20.9% of the votes cast. RCPI and CPI(M) supported the formation of a Janata Party cabinet with Golap Borbora as Chief Minister. When the Assam agitation began, RCPI and other progressive forces urged the agigatators to accept 25 March 1971 as the cut off date for deportation of migrants. The popular support for RCPI and other left parties declined sharply as they had opposed the Assam agitation. In April 1984 RCPI joined a convention of opposition parties (along with CPI, Congress (S) and the Janata Party), a move which side lined the CPI(M). The April 1984 opposition convention used a language largely supportive of the Assam agitation. RCPI fielded a single candidate in the 1996 Indian general election; Baneswar Saikia in the Nowgong constituency. He obtained 1,803 votes (0.25%). RCPI fielded two candidates in the 1998 Indian general election; Abdur Rashid in the Kaliabor constituency and Padma Kamal Phukon in the Jorhat constituency. In Kaliabor RCPI obtained 2,778 votes (0.43%) and in Jorhat the party obtained 1,642 votes (0.49%). He obtained 1,516 votes (0.20%). He finished in fifth place with 16,691. Bora received 7,788 votes (0.7% of the votes in the constituency).

Paramesh Das was the Assam state secretary of RCPI. Subhas Roy is the West Bengal State Secretary of the party. Biren Deka is the Secretary of the Central Committee of the party.

As per the second list of Left Front candidates for the 2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, released in March 2016, RCPI fielded Sanjoy Basu, a Calcutta High Court lawyer, in the Santipur seat and Kamal Hassan in the Hansan seat. After a period of vacillation RCPI endorsed the Left Front Congress electoral understanding ahead of the 2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, although the agreement would mean no seats for RCPI to contest. Hassan's candidature was unofficially withdrawn in favour of the Indian National Congress after the prescribed date for withdrawal of nominations. Basu's nomination had been withdrawn prior to the prescribed date. RCPI contested the Dhing and Mahmara seats RCPI candidate Jamanur Rahman in Dhing obtained 737 votes (0.43%) and Nityananda Gogoi in Mahmara obtained 448 votes (0.43%). The party has since joined the 11 party Left Democratic Manch, Assam. As of 2016 LDMA demanded that 24 March 1971, be chosen as the base year for deportation of foreigners from Assam.