Кадмий сульфиді: қасиеттері, қолданылуы және тарихы

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| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 476999857
| Name = Cadmium sulfide
| ImageFileL1 = Hawleyite 3D balls. png
| ImageNameL1 = 3D model of the structure of hawleyite
| ImageFileR1 = Greenockite 3D balls. png
| ImageNameR1 = 3D model of the structure of greenockite
| ImageFile2 = Cadmium sulfide. jpg
| OtherNames = cadmium(II) sulfidegreenockitehawleyitecadmium yellow
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|Section4=Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −162 kJ·mol−1
| Entropy = 65 J·mol−1·K−1
| PEL = [1910.1027] TWA 0.005 mg/m3 (as Cd) It occurs in nature with two different crystal structures as the rare minerals greenockite and hawleyite, but is more prevalent as an impurity substituent in the similarly structured zinc ores sphalerite and wurtzite, which are the major economic sources of cadmium. As a compound that is easy to isolate and purify, it is the principal source of cadmium for all commercial applications. The preparative route and the subsequent treatment of the product, affects the polymorphic form that is produced (i. e., cubic vs hexagonal). It has been asserted that chemical precipitation methods result in the cubic zincblende form. Pigment production usually involves the precipitation of CdS, the washing of the solid precipitate to remove soluble cadmium salts followed by calcination (roasting) to convert it to the hexagonal form followed by milling to produce a powder. When cadmium sulfide selenides are required the CdSe is co precipitated with CdS and the cadmium sulfoselenide is created during the calcination step.

CdS is used as pigment in plastics, showing good thermal stability, light and weather fastness, chemical resistance and high opacity. About 2000 tons are produced annually as of 1982, representing about 25% of the cadmium processed commercially.

The general commercial availability of cadmium sulfide from the 1840s led to its adoption by artists, notably Van Gogh, Monet (in his London series and other works) and Matisse (Bathers by a River 1916–1919). The presence of cadmium in paints has been used to detect forgeries in paintings alleged to have been produced prior to the 19th century.

CdS and CdSe form solid solutions with each other. Increasing amounts of cadmium selenide, gives pigments verging toward red, for example CI pigment orange 20 and CI pigment red 108. Problems of biocompatibility have been reported when CdS is used as colors in tattoos. CdS has an LD50 of approximately 7,080 mg/kg in rats which is higher than other cadmium compounds due to its low solubility.