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This is a list of cryptographers. Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties called adversaries.

Rosario Candela, US, Architect and notable amateur cryptologist who authored books and taught classes on the subject to civilians at Hunter College. Claude Elwood Shannon, US, founder of information theory, proved the one time pad to be unbreakable.

See also: Category:Modern cryptographers for a more exhaustive list.

Ross Anderson, UK, University of Cambridge, co inventor of the Serpent cipher. Paulo S. L. M. Barreto, Brazilian, University of São Paulo, co inventor of the Whirlpool hash function. George Blakley, US, independent inventor of secret sharing. Eli Biham, Israel, co inventor of the Serpent cipher. Don Coppersmith, co inventor of DES and MARS ciphers. Joan Daemen, Belgian, co developer of Rijndael which became the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and Keccak which became SHA 3. Horst Feistel, German, IBM, namesake of Feistel networks and Lucifer cipher. Lars Knudsen, Denmark, co inventor of the Serpent cipher. Ralph Merkle, US, inventor of Merkle trees. Bart Preneel, Belgian, co inventor of RIPEMD 160. Vincent Rijmen, Belgian, co developer of Rijndael which became the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Ronald L. Rivest, US, MIT, inventor of RC cipher series and MD algorithm series. Bruce Schneier, US, inventor of Blowfish and co inventor of Twofish and Threefish. Xuejia Lai, CH, co inventor of International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA). Adi Shamir, Israel, Weizmann Institute, inventor of secret sharing.

Leonard Adleman, US, USC, the 'A' in RSA. David Chaum, US, inventor of blind signatures. Clifford Cocks, UK GCHQ first inventor of RSA, a fact that remained secret until 1997 and so was unknown to Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman. Whitfield Diffie, US, (public) co inventor of the Diffie Hellman key exchange protocol. Taher Elgamal, US (born Egyptian), inventor of the Elgamal discrete log cryptosystem. Shafi Goldwasser, US and Israel, MIT and Weizmann Institute, co discoverer of zero knowledge proofs, and of Semantic security. Martin Hellman, US, (public) co inventor of the Diffie Hellman key exchange protocol. Neal Koblitz, independent co creator of elliptic curve cryptography. Alfred Menezes, co inventor of MQV, an elliptic curve technique. Silvio Micali, US (born Italian), MIT, co discoverer of zero knowledge proofs, and of Semantic security. Victor Miller, independent co creator of elliptic curve cryptography. David Naccache, inventor of the Naccache–Stern cryptosystem and of the Naccache–Stern knapsack cryptosystem. Moni Naor, co inventor the Naor–Yung encryption paradigm for CCA security. Rafail Ostrovsky, co inventor of Oblivious RAM, of single server Private Information Retrieval, and proactive cryptosystems. Pascal Paillier, inventor of Paillier encryption. Michael O. Rabin, Israel, inventor of Rabin encryption. Ronald L. Rivest, US, MIT, the 'R' in RSA. Adi Shamir, Israel, Weizmann Institute, the 'S' in RSA. Moti Yung, co inventor of the Naor–Yung encryption paradigm for CCA security, of threshold cryptosystems, and proactive cryptosystems.

Joan Clarke, English cryptanalyst and numismatist best known for her work as a code breaker at Bletchley Park during the Second World War. Ross Anderson, UK. Eli Biham, Israel, co discoverer of differential cryptanalysis and Related key attack. Matt Blaze, US. Dan Boneh, US, Stanford University. Niels Ferguson, Netherlands, co inventor of Twofish and Fortuna. Ian Goldberg, Canada, University of Waterloo. Lars Knudsen, Denmark, DTU, discovered integral cryptanalysis. Paul Kocher, US, discovered differential power analysis. Mitsuru Matsui, Japan, discoverer of linear cryptanalysis. David Wagner, US, UC Berkeley, co discoverer of the slide and boomerang attacks. Xiaoyun Wang, the People's Republic of China, known for MD5 and SHA 1 hash function attacks. Alex Biryukov, University of Luxembourg, known for impossible differential cryptanalysis and slide attack. Moti Yung, Kleptography.

Mihir Bellare, US, UCSD, co proposer of the Random oracle model. Dan Boneh, US, Stanford. Gilles Brassard, Canada, Université de Montréal. Co inventor of quantum cryptography. Claude Crépeau, Canada, McGill University. Oded Goldreich, Israel, Weizmann Institute, author of Foundations of Cryptography. Shafi Goldwasser, US and Israel. Silvio Micali, US, MIT. Rafail Ostrovsky, US, UCLA. Charles Rackoff, co discoverer of zero knowledge proofs. Oded Regev, inventor of learning with errors. Phillip Rogaway, US, UC Davis, co proposer of the Random oracle model. Amit Sahai, US, UCLA. Gustavus Simmons, US, Sandia, authentication theory. Moti Yung, US, Google.

Bruce Schneier, US, CTO and founder of Counterpane Internet Security, Inc. and cryptography author. Scott Vanstone, Canada, founder of Certicom and elliptic curve cryptography proponent.