Tony Serra

American lawyer (born 1934)

Joseph Tony Serra (born December 30, 1934) is an American civil rights attorney, activist and tax resister from San Francisco.

A San Francisco native, Serra was raised in the Outer Sunset district. His father, Anthony Serra, was an immigrant from Mallorca who worked in a jelly bean factory, and his mother, Gladys (Fineberg) Serra, was a Los Angeles born Russian Jewish immigrant from Odessa; she died by suicide in 1979. Serra earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in Philosophy from Stanford University and a Juris Doctor degree from Boalt Hall at the University of California, Berkeley. While in law school, Serra was a contributor to the California Law Review.

In 1970, Serra successfully defended Black Panther leader Huey Newton in a murder trial. In 1983, Serra won an acquittal for Chol Soo Lee, a Korean American immigrant in San Francisco who had been convicted of murder in 1973 and sentenced to life imprisonment. He has also represented individuals from groups as diverse and politically charged as the White Panthers, Hells Angels, Good Earth and New World Liberation Front (NWLF). Some of these individuals include Brownie Mary, Dennis Peron, Hooty Croy, Ellie Nesler and Symbionese Liberation Army members Sara Jane Olson, Russell Little and Michael Bortin. In 2003, Serra was awarded the Trial Lawyer of the Year award by the organization Trial Lawyers for Public Justice for his successful litigation of Judi Bari against the FBI. In 2004, Serra won an acquittal during a retrial on murder charges for co defendant Rick Tabish in the death of casino mogul Ted Binion. In 2015, he defended Chinatown crime boss Raymond "Shrimp Boy" Chow.

Serra has been in trouble with the law several times for failure to pay income taxes. He refused to pay taxes in protest of the War in Iraq based on his conviction that the Bush administration was leading the country in the wrong direction and that he would, therefore, not contribute any money to fund what he saw as Bush's corrupt politics. On July 29, 2005, he was sentenced to 10 months in federal prison, to be served at Lompoc, California, and ordered to pay $100,000 in restitution for a misdemeanor conviction of willful failure to pay taxes. In 2006, Ephraim Margolin and Douglas L. Rappaport represented Serra against the State Bar of California when he faced action for failing to file a tax return. His license to practice law in California was suspended for one year, and he was placed on a probationary period for two years. Serra was released from the federal camp in February 2007, reporting immediately to a San Francisco halfway house. He was released from federal custody, and the halfway house, on March 13, 2007 after serving out his sentence. Along with three other attorneys, Serra filed a class action lawsuit seeking minimum wages for himself and for other inmates, citing slave wages as unconstitutional.

Serra has taken a vow of poverty and is known for living a frugal lifestyle and driving a run down car. He does not have a cell phone, a bank account or a credit card. In a disciplinary hearing before the State Bar of California, Serra stated, "I took an informal vow of poverty. I vowed that I would never take profit from the practice of law, that I would not buy anything new, that I would recycle everything, that I would own no properties no stocks or bonds, no images of prosperity. I still drive an old junk of a car. I still barely make the rent each month; I have accumulated nothing by way of savings, and I live from hand to mouth." All income from his cases is distributed to other attorneys except for a very small portion that he uses to pay for his rent and for gas for his car. Serra has five children with Mary Edna Dineen: Shelter, Ivory, Chime Day, Wonder Fortune and Lilac Bright. Dineen raised all five of them in a home in Bolinas, California that Serra called a "sprawling shack." Serra has two younger brothers: Richard Serra, a prominent sculptor, and Rudy Serra, also a noted artist. Richard paid for the college educations of Serra's five children.

The 1989 film True Believer was loosely based on the 1982 83 retrial of Chol Soo Lee. The film's main character, Eddie Dodd, played by James Woods, is based on Serra. The film inspired a spin off series, Eddie Dodd, which ran for six episodes in 1991 on ABC; Dodd was played by Treat Williams. A biography of Serra, Lust for Justice: The Radical Life and Law of J. Tony Serra, written by courtroom artist Paulette Frankl and with a foreword by criminal defense attorney Gerry Spence, was released in October 2010.