Кро́йдон: Тарихы мен қазіргі жағдайы

the suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Croydon is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Maroondah local government area. Croydon recorded a population of 28,608 at the 2021 census.

Dating back to 1840 the land was first utilised by settlers for grazing and the first road cut through the area now known as Croydon, was initially known as Sawmill Road, as a sawmill was nearby. Later it became known as Oxford Road and later Mt Dandenong Road, some time in the early 1900s. Owing to the coarse silvery white grass, the area now known as Croydon was first called "White Flats". The Lacey family from Essex, England named the area Croydon after Mrs Lacey's home town. They preferred this to Mr Lacey's home town, Steeple Bumpstead. The Lacey family has a street named after them near the Main St. shopping precinct. In 1868, parcels of land were surveyed and the first habitations were constructed with wattle and daub. These were later rebuilt in timber and the area prospered in sheep, beef and dairy farming, and sawmills. Orchards were soon established and thrived. Crops included apples, cherries, pears, peaches and plums. Street names in and around Croydon now reflect the impact orchards had on "White Flats". In 1874, Cobb & Co. ran horses and carts to the area, also known as Brushy Creek. In 1882, a single rail track was constructed through to Lilydale. When opened on 1 December 1882 the station was called Warrandyte. Travellers would travel by rail to "Warrandyte" station and were then faced with a horse and coach ride to Warrandyte, some 10 km north, which was not well received by the vast majority of travellers, believing the Yarra River was close by. On 1 August 1884 it was renamed Croydon railway station. From the mid 1880s Croydon started to develop and Mr James Hewish built his home and several other business ventures, including a general store, news agency, butchers shop and hotel, and planted various orchard trees. The Post Office opened on 1 December 1883 after the railway line was established. Nelson's Hill Post Office opened nearby in 1902 and was renamed Burnt Bridge in 1979. In 1908, Croydon Hall was built on Mt Dandenong Road. It is now home to EV's Entertainment Centre. In 1912 Croydon was proclaimed and gazetted as a town. In 1925 the Croydon section of the Lilydale railway line was electrified, with electrification arriving at Lilydale a month later. Croydon railway station was rebuilt in the 1980s. As part of its increasing passenger traffic the bus station/interchange was revamped in the early 2000s and is used by Ventura Bus Lines services. In the early 1920s a Monday market began. The market included live animals, chickens, birds and other small animals. It was a noted landmark and meeting place for locals from neighbouring suburbs until the site was redeveloped in the 1980s. It closed down in 2012. Originally Croydon was part of the Shire of Lillydale. In 1957 a request was submitted for Croydon to leave the Shire of Lillydale and become its own entity. The City of Croydon|Shire of Croydon was incorporated in May 1961 and was proclaimed a City in 1971. It was merged, along with the City of Ringwood, into the City of Maroondah in 1994.

The Main Street of Croydon is a thriving hub and currently has over 187 traders, including eateries, clothing, music, toys, hairdressers and many others. Main Street has ample parking, both on street and behind the shops. Croydon Central is a strong performing food and services based neighbourhood centre located 28km east of the Melbourne CBD in Croydon. The centre is situated in a high profile location in Croydon, on the corner of Kent and Wicklow Avenue, and is well served by the Croydon train station and bus terminal. There is easy car access to Melbourne CBD via the M3. Croydon is also served by the Arndale Shopping Centre on Mt Dandenong Road, opposite Croydon Park, which has in excess of 20 retail outlets. It has an area of 44,980 sqm and 738 parking spots. During the late 1990s and early 2000s onwards, Croydon's housing density and type changed and increased with the advent of 'dual occupancy'. Many former large single dwelling blocks were sold and redeveloped. The Croydon area is served by a weekly newspaper, the Maroondah Leader. Croydon has many churches in the area, including Catholic, Baptist, Uniting, Presbyterian, Seventh Day Adventist and Pentecostal.

In 2007, the City of Maroondah built additional leisure facilities in Croydon, in addition to the existing Croydon gymnasium facility in Civic Square. Called Aquahub, it opened in August, 2008. Croydon Memorial is located on Springfield Avenue. An outdoor pool venue, open each November – March, it also holds VICSWIM classes during school holidays. There has been considerable debate as to the 'viability' of the pool from Council. Petitions were signed and meetings held to try to keep the pool open. In 2007, Council agreed to keep the pool open. Wyreena Community Arts Centre is located on Hull Road, just east of Dorset Road. It is home to varied artistic and lifestyle activities. It is the location of 3ECB, Radio Eastern FM 98.1 community radio station. The Croydon library is located on Civic Drive. As a member of the Eastern Regional Libraries, it hosts a range of events for all ages, including author talks and children's events.

The Maroondah Festival is held each year in the Croydon Park and embraced by the City of Maroondah and residents from surrounding suburbs. Performers have included:
Daryl Braithwaite, Kate Ceberano, Vanessa Amorosi, Paul Kelly, Johnny Diesel, Hunters and Collectors, The Living End, 28 Days, Bodyjar, Frenzal Rhomb, Spiderbait, Kisschasy and even a few international acts, including Sonia Dada.

EV's Youth Centre opened in 1989 and is run by Maroondah Youth Services, for young people aged between 12 and 25 yrs. The team cover a wide range of activities and information services for young people to access, including INFO HQ each Wednesday afternoon and Drop In on Friday afternoons (Drop In is open except during school holidays). There is also the Maroondah FReeZA Group, a long standing local venue for all ages live music events, with both all age and under age, fully supervised D&D free dance parties and live gigs. In the 1990s, EV's Youth Centre hosted shows by acts like Fear Factory, Regurgitator, Something for Kate and Fugazi.

Croydon City Arrows Soccer Club was established in 1957 and plays its home games at Dorset Recreational Reserve. The club has been Victorian champions twice, in both 1985 and 1986, and plays in Provisional League 1 South East. Notable players include former Australian internationals Danny Allsopp, Paul Wade and Peter Ollerton. The Croydon Cricket Club, established in 1886, plays at Croydon Park Oval. It participates in the Victorian Sub District Cricket Association, the state's second highest level of cricket. It also has several Junior sides competing in the Ringwood and District Cricket Association, with U12, U14, U16, U18 and non comps for U10s. Croydon also has two veterans sides competing in Masters (over 40s) and Legends (over 50's). The Croydon Tennis Club was established in 1907 and is one of Victoria's oldest clubs, servicing the eastern suburbs community of Croydon and surrounding areas. In recent years the club has facilitated the installation of water saving technologies, for which it received an award, as well as securing a Council grant for up to date night lighting. Croydon Football Club also plays at Croydon Park Oval. They were formed in 1906 and are nicknamed "The Blues", wearing a navy blue strip similar to the Carlton Football Club. Croydon FC is a member of the Eastern Football League. In season 1998 it returned to play in Division One. In season 2009 The Blues finished on top of Division One, with 60 Points, equal to Balwyn. Their reserve side also finished on top of the ladder in 2009 and both sides played in the grand final, with the sides losing to Vermont and Knox respectively. Season 2012 saw Croydon finish on the bottom of the ladder and they were relegated to Division Two. In 2018, the teams' Reserves team won the premiership in Division 2. The Croydon Golf Club, once located on the picturesque Dorset Road site, was sold to a housing development consortium in late 2006. After much legal argument and petition, the land was zoned residential in accordance with Government legislation. The golf club has since relocated to a site in Yering. Local golfers can still play at the Dorset Golf Course, on Trawalla Road. Croydon also has an athletics club, which was established in 2007. It is a small club, with 47 members in the 2008–09 season.