Аллан Маркуанд: Америкалық өнер тарихшысы және ғалым

American art historian

Allan Marquand ('/m//ɑr//k//w//ən//d/; December 10, 1853 – September 24, 1924) was an art historian at Princeton University and a curator of the Princeton University Art Museum. Marquand is notable as one of the foremost art historians and critics of his time, and helped to popularize and establish the field in elite college campuses. Along with his contemporary, Harvard's Charles Eliot Norton, Marquand was the first academic to bring the serious, academic study of art history into American collegiate curricula.

Marquand was born on December 10, 1853, in New York City. He was a son of Elizabeth Love (née Allen) Marquand (1826–1895) and Henry Gurdon Marquand, a prominent philanthropist and art collector who served as the second president of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Marquand's uncle, Frederick Marquand, as well as cousin Virginia Marquand Monroe, founded Southport's Pequot Library Association. After graduating from Princeton in 1874, Allan studied theology for three years at Princeton Seminary and the Union Theological Seminary, later travelling to study at the University of Berlin. This machine is preserved at Princeton's Firestone Library. James McCosh, the President of Princeton, deemed Marquand's relatively mathematical approach to teaching logic "unorthodox and uncalvinistic," an approach he had learned at Peirce's feet. Hence in 1883, Marquand was offered a position as the first professor of art history, a position he held until his death and at which he excelled. Marquand is notable as the founder of Princeton's Department of Art and Archaeology. Marquand provided the museum and art history department with books, papers, and art, paying for all other departmental expenses out of his own pocket. Forty year after he founded the department, the enrollment in the Art History department at Princeton had grown from an initial few students with one instructor to a full time faculty of thirteen who had served over eight hundred students. His first volume of critical writing on the Della Robbia was the inaugural installment of the Princeton Monographs, appearing in 1912.

On June 18, 1896, he married Eleanor Cross in the Church of the Holy Communion in South Orange, New Jersey. Eleanor, a daughter of English born railroad official and banker Richard James Cross and Matilda (née Redmond) Cross, was a niece of Goold H. Redmond and Frances Redmond Livingston. Her brothers, John Walter and Eliot Buchanan Cross, were prominent architects. Marquand and his family lived in the western section of Princeton, purchasing an estate he renamed "Guernsey Hall" after his family's ancestral home. who married George Howard Forsyth Jr., a Guggenheim Fellow, in 1927. They divorced and in 1948 she married widower Douglas Delanoy, a member of the research staff of Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Beane. Mary Marquand (1900–1974), who married industrialist Harold K. Hochschild, the president of the American Metal Company in 1941. Sarnia Marquand (1902–1984), who never married. Allan Marquand Jr. (1912–1938), who married Gertrude Palmer before his death at age 26 in 1938. Marquand died at the Presbyterian Hospital in New York on September 24, 1924, and was buried at Princeton Cemetery. His widow, an authority on the representation and symbolism of flowers and trees in art, died in February 1950.