Солтүстік Каролина штатындағы Нью-Берн қаласының тарихы мен географиясы

New Bern (formerly Newbern) is a city in and the county seat of Craven County, North Carolina, United States. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 31,291. It is located at the confluence of the Neuse and the Trent rivers, near the headwaters of Pamlico Sound on the North Carolina coast. It lies 112 mile (180 km) east of Raleigh, 89 mile (143 km) north of Wilmington, and 162 mile (261 km) south of Norfolk. New Bern is the birthplace of Pepsi. New Bern was founded in October 1710 by the Palatines and Swiss under the leadership of Christoph von Graffenried. The new colonists named their settlement after Bern, the Swiss region from which many of the colonists and their patron had emigrated. The flag and arms of the American city are nearly identical to those of the Swiss canton. The English connection with Switzerland had been established by some Marian exiles who sought refuge in Protestant parts of Switzerland. There were also marriages between the House of Stuart and notable people in the history of Calvinism. The colonists later discovered they had started their settlement on the site of a former Tuscarora village named Chattoka. This caused conflicts with the Tuscaroras who were in the area. New Bern is the second oldest European settled colonial town in North Carolina, after Bath. It served as the capital of North Carolina from 1770 to 1792. After the American Revolution (1775–1783), New Bern became wealthy and quickly developed a rich cultural life. At one time New Bern was called "the Athens of the South," The new colonists named their settlement after the Canton of Bern, home state of their patron. Von Graffenried had the original plat of the town laid out in the shape of a cross, though later development and additional streets have obscured this pattern within the regular street grid. The British governor’s palace (present day Tryon Palace) served as the capitol of North Carolina from 1770 until the state government relocated to Raleigh in 1792, after a fire had destroyed much of the capitol. This became the first permanent capital city of North Carolina. There was no printer in North Carolina until 1749, when the North Carolina Assembly commissioned James Davis from Williamsburg, Virginia to act as their official printer. Before this time the laws and legal journals of North Carolina were handwritten and were largely kept in a disorganized manner, prompting them to hire Davis. Davis settled in New Bern and was appointed by Colonial postmaster general Benjamin Franklin as North Carolina's first postmaster, who also became active in North Carolina's politics, as a member of the Assembly and later as the Sheriff. Davis also founded and printed the North Carolina Gazette in New Bern, North Carolina's first newspaper. During the 19th century Federal period, New Bern became the largest city in North Carolina, developed on the trade of goods and slaves associated with plantation agriculture. After Raleigh was named the state capital in 1792, New Bern rebuilt its economy by expanding on trade via shipping routes to the Caribbean and New England. Still, New Bern recovered more quickly than many cities after the war. By the 1870s the lumber industry was developing as the chief part of New Bern's economy. Timber harvested could be sent downriver by the two nearby rivers. The city continued to be a center for freedmen, who created communities independent of white supervision: thriving churches, fraternal associations, and their own businesses. By 1877 the city had a majority black population. The state legislature defined the city and county as part of North Carolina's 2nd congressional district which, as former plantation territory, held a concentration of the state's black residents. They elected four blacks to the US Congress in the late 19th century. The state's passage of a constitutional suffrage amendment in 1900 used various devices to disenfranchise black citizens. As a result, they were totally closed out of the political process, including participation on juries and in local offices; white Democrats maintained this suppression mostly, until after passage of federal civil rights legislation, including the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which provided for federal enforcement of constitutional rights. By 1890 New Bern had become the largest lumber center in North Carolina and one of the largest in all of the South. During this time, as many as 16 lumber mills were running and employing hundreds of men from New Bern and the area. The competitive nature of the lumber barons, the abundance of lumber and craftsmen, led to the construction in New Bern of some of the finest homes in the South, many of which have survived. The lumber boom lasted until the 1920s. One by one the lumber mills went out of business. Today only Weyerhaeuser manufactures lumber in the area. The city has four National Historic Districts and two local ones, which have helped preserve the character of the architecture. The Downtown Local Historic District is or 0.576 square miles (1 km2); the Riverside Local Historic District covers or 0.081 square miles (0 km2). Union Point Park borders the Neuse and Trent rivers.

New Bern's location near the Atlantic coast renders it subject to the effects of Atlantic hurricane seasons. For example, in the 18th century the town suffered severe damage in the Great Chesapeake Bay Hurricane of 1769. Other hurricanes such as Ione in 1955 and Floyd in 1999 (just as examples) have also caused significant flooding and damage. In September 2018, Florence made landfall in the United States just south of Wrightsville Beach, 88.4 miles southwest of New Bern. A storm surge up to 13.5 feet in addition to days of heavy rains severely flooded various parts of the town. [National Hurricane Center Storm Surge Inundation Map, Sept 13, 2018]

New Bern is located at the confluence of the Trent and Neuse rivers, two tidal waterways, in North Carolina's Inner Banks region. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and , or 4.87%, is water.

+New Bern racial composition Race Number Percentage White (non Hispanic) 17,281 55.23% Black or African American (non Hispanic) 8,281 26.46% Native American 86 0.27% Asian 2,035 6.5% Pacific Islander 23 0.07% Other/Mixed 1,483 4.74% Hispanic or Latino 2,102 6.72%
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 31,291 people, 13,757 households, and 8,070 families residing in the city.

The population of the area was 30,291 (95% urban, 5% rural) people in 2014, a 31% increase in growth since 2000. Gender distribution is 47.5% male and 52.5% female with a median resident age of 38.8. The percentage of residents under the age of 18 was 24.2%. The 2012 racial breakdown includes White alone – 16,304 (54%), Black alone – 9,634 (31.9%), Asian alone – 1,844 (6.1%), Hispanic – 1,626 (5.4%), Two or more races – 747 (2.5%), American Indian alone – 50 (0.2%) and Other race alone – 13 (0.04%). The median income for a household in the city in 2015 was $41,285. The City of New Bern 2010 Census information shows the population of the area was approximately 29,524 people. From 2000 to 2010, the New Bern city population growth percentage was 27.7% (or from 23,128 people to 29,524 people). 22.8% of the New Bern city residents were under 18 years of age. Census 2010 race data for New Bern city include the racial breakdown percentages of 57.0 white, 32.8% black, 3.6% Asian, 5.8% Hispanic and less than 1% Native American, Also, there were 14,471 housing units in the City of New Bern, 88.2% of which were occupied housing units.

New Bern has several sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

1450 AM / 104.3 FM WNOS – News/Talk/Sports
1490 AM / 103.9 FM WWNB ESPN Radio – sports talk
88.5 FM WZNB Public Radio East – Classical Music
89.3 FM WTEB Public Radio East – NPR/News/Talk
89.9 FM W210BS Classical WCPE
92.7 FM WBNK K Love Christian Contemporary
91.9 FM WAAE American Family Radio – Religious
93.3 FM WERO Bob 93.3 Top 40
94.1 FM WNBU Talk
95.1 FM WRNS Country
95.7 FM W239BC R&B Oldies
97.5 FM WLGT The Bridge – Contemporary Christian
97.9 FM WNBB – Classic Country
99.5 FM WMJV – 99.5/97.5 The Wave – Hot Adult Contemporary
99.9 FM WTTY LP Oldies
101.9 FM WIKS Kiss FM – Hip Hop & R&B
103.3 FM WMGV V103.3 Soft AC
104.5 FM WSTK Variety
105.1 FM WBKZ Air 1 Christian Contemporary
105.5 FM WXQR – Pure Rock
107.9 FM WNCT – Classic Hits
106.5 FM WSFL – Classic Rock
107.1 FM WTKF FM – The Talk Station

Coastal Carolina Regional Airport is a public airport located 3 mile (5 km) south of the central business district of New Bern. The airport offers connecting flights to Charlotte daily. The New Bern Transport Corporation, a business entity owned by PepsiCo to manage its fleet of delivery trucks and other motor vehicles, is located in White Plains, New York, but was named after the town where Pepsi Cola was first developed. The north south U. S. Route 17 and the east west U. S. Route 70 pass through New Bern. As late as 1950, the Atlantic and East Carolina Railway offered passenger train service through New Bern to Morehead City to the east, by the Atlantic coast and to Goldsboro Union Station, where timed connections could be made with the Southern Railway's trains to central and western North Carolina. Service was terminated by the end of 1951.

Jules Verne's 1896 novel Face au Drapeau (Facing the Flag) featured New Bern as the place where one of that story's main characters is committed to an asylum by the U. S. government. Nicholas Sparks set a few of his novels (The Notebook, A Bend in the Road, The Wedding, and The Return) in the city.