Бордман қаласы: тарихы мен географиясы

Boardman is a city in Morrow County, Oregon, United States on the Columbia River and Interstate 84. As of the 2020 census the population was 3,828. It is currently the largest town in Morrow County, Oregon.

Boardman was homesteaded in 1903 by Samuel H. Boardman, the first superintendent of the Oregon State Parks System. Boardman and his wife worked for 13 years to develop irrigation for their land; during those years his wife taught school, and Boardman at times worked on railroad construction projects. The Union Pacific Railroad passed through Boardman, where it had a station. The community was platted in 1916 at about the same time Samuel Boardman went to work for the Oregon State Highway Department and became involved in the development of roadside parks. During construction of the John Day Dam on the Columbia River in the 1960s, the city had to be moved south, further from the water. Lake Umatilla, behind the dam, covered much of the original city.

Boardman is in northeastern Oregon, along Interstate 84 south of the Columbia River. The city is 308 feet (94 m) above sea level. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.17 square miles (11 km2), of which 3.79 square miles (10 km2) is land and 0.38 square miles (1 km2) is water.

Boardman has a steppe climate (Köppen BSk).

Boardman is part of the Pendleton–Hermiston Micropolitan Statistical Area.

As of the census of 2010, there were 3,220 people, 964 households, and 759 families residing in the city. The population density was There were 1,017 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the city was 60.1% White, 0.7% African American, 0.9% Native American, 2.4% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 33.0% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 61.7% of the population. The Port of Morrow, Oregon's second largest port, is adjacent to the city and located on the Columbia Riverfront. The port property also includes two (PGE) gas fired power plants. it had shut down in October, 2020 marking the closure of the last coal fired power plant in Oregon after 40 years of service. This 550MW power plant was the largest single point of emission of greenhouse gases in Oregon. The Umatilla Chemical Depot, which includes the Umatilla Chemical Agent Disposal Facility, is 10 mile (16 km) east of the city, northwest of the intersection of I 84 and Interstate 82. Seven miles east of Boardman is the Irrigon Fish Hatchery. Threemile Canyon Farms is the largest farm located In Boardman. According to a November 2008 article in The Oregonian, a "huge data center linked to Amazon. com [was] under construction" at the Port of Morrow. The data center was to have a dedicated 10 megawatt electrical substation. A website focused on data centers suggested the Boardman site was created in response to the rapid growth of Amazon Web Services; earlier in 2008, Amazon had announced that Amazon S3 was storing 29 billion objects (such as IMDb tables). The project made Boardman the second Oregon city along the Columbia River to host a power hungry data center for web services: Google has a similar center in The Dalles. According to an August 2018 article in the East Oregonian, Amazon has two data centers in Boardman and one in Umatilla and is proposing to build four more data centers in the region. The three data centers in Boardman and Umatilla correspond to the three availability zones in AWS US West 2 (Oregon) region. Since 2007, Alto Ingredients, formerly known as Pacific Ethanol, has operated an ethanol plant in Boardman. It can produce up to of ethanol a year from grains. ZeaChem has built a demonstration biorefinery at the Port of Morrow with a capacity of up to of ethanol a year from wood waste. However, in April 2013, less than a month after start up at the demonstration plant, ZeaChem halted production, citing funding problems.

Ambre Energy, a company based in Australia, has proposed using the Port of Morrow as a transfer point for shipping U. S. coal to Asia. Ambre wants to export up to of coal per year from the Powder River Basin in Wyoming and Montana. It would ship the coal by train to Boardman, where it would be loaded on barges and hauled down the Columbia River to the Port of St. Helens. There it would be transferred to ocean going ships headed for China, South Korea, Japan, and other Asian countries. The Ambre plan has generated controversy among proponents touting economic benefits and opponents fearing environmental damage. After the public comment period ends on August 12, 2013, the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality will decide whether to grant Ambre's request for permits to proceed. To export coal across Oregon in the way Ambre proposes, the company will also need approval from the Oregon Department of State Lands and the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. Midcolumbia Bus Company are also in the Boardman area.