Лиңбю-Тарбек муниципалитеті: географиясы, тарихы және аймағы

Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality (occasionally spelled Lyngby Tårbæk, Lyngby Taarbæk Kommune) is a municipality ([[Municipalities of Denmark) in the Capital Region of Denmark near Copenhagen on the eastern coast of the island of Zealand (Sjælland). It is part of the Greater Copenhagen area. The municipality borders Rudersdal Municipality to the north, Furesø Municipality to the west and Gladsaxe and Gentofte Municipality to the south. It borders the Øresund to the east. The municipality covers an area of 39 km2, and has a population of 58,434 (2023). Its mayor is Sofia Osmani, a member of the Conservative People's Party. The main town and the site of its municipal council is the town of Kongens Lyngby. Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality was not merged with any other municipality in the municipal reform of 2007.

In the Middle Ages, when Denmark was divided into syssels, Lyngby Taarbæk was part of Østersyssel. It later became a part of Copenhagen Fief, which was changed to Copenhagen County in 1661. Although Copenhagen County changed many times over the years, Lyngby Taarbæk always remained within the borders. When the counties were disestablished in 2007, Lyngby Taarbæk came under the new Capital Region of Denmark. Since 1842, and until the 1970 Danish Municipal Reform, Lyngby Taarbæk was a parish municipality. It became a regular municipality with the 1970 reform, and its borders have remained unchanged since. Lyngby Taarbæk wasn't merged with any other municipality in the 2007 municipal reform.

Kongens Lyngby (or simply Lyngby) is located in the southern part of the municipality. The neighbourhoods of Fuglevad, Lundtofte and Fortunen borders Kongens Lyngby to the north. Also bordering Kongens Lyngby are Bagsværd to the west and Buddinge to the south, both located in Gladsaxe Municipality. Also to the south are Vangede and to the east is Jægersborg, both located in Gentofte Municipality. Lyngby Lake is located north of the neighbourhood. The neighbourhood primarily consists of residential buildings, though in the north are numerous facilities and shops, including the mall Lyngby Storcenter. Also located in this area is the neighbourhood's train station and city hall, as well as Lyngby Church. Bondebyen is a former village, now a part of Kongens Lyngby. Many of the old buildings of the village are preserved and are protected.

Taarbæk is a small town or neighbourhood located in the eastern part of the municipality. It borders the Øresund to the east and Jægersborg Dyrehave to the west. Klampenborg is located to the south. Although Taarbæk is technically connected to the Greater Copenhagen Area, and thus a neighbourhood of Copenhagen, it is in the outskirts of the Greater Copenhagen Area and is occasionally referred to as its own town. Taarbæk is a former fishing village, with many old fishing houses preserved. The neighbourhood is, however, dominated by high end luxury villas. Taarbæk Church and Taarbæk Harbour are both located centrally in the neighbourhood.

Virum is a neighbourhood located in the north western part of the municipality. It borders the lake of Furesø to the west. It borders the neighbourhood of Brede to the east, Frederiksdal to the south and Sorgenfri to the south and east. To the north it borders Holte in Rudersdal Municipality. Virum is primarily a residential neighbourhood. Virum Church is located in Virum.

Cottageparken is a public park located by Taarbæk. It used to be a part of Jægersborg Dyrehave, with the oaks of the part dating back from 1763, when a number of oaks where planted in the park. The forest was cleared to make room for buildings, including a spa. 418 acres of land is protected around the stream Mølleåen, as well as areas around Lyngby Lake and Bagsværd Lake. Mølleåen is 36 km long and runs through the entire municipality from the coast and onwards to Bastrup Lake in Allerød and Egedal Municipality. Notable plants around the stream include marsh marigold, yellow iris and water buttercup.

Jægersborg Dyrehave is a forest park located in the eastern part of Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality, bordering Taarbæk to the east. The amusement park Dyrehavsbakken is located in the southern part of the park. The park spans 11 km2 and is home to around 2000 red and fallow deer. There are 19 gates to the park, all of them painted a characteristic red. The current design of the gates date back to the 1700s. The park is home to many old oaks, the oldest being around 850 years old and known as Skovfogedegen (literally "forest ranger oak"), named such because it is located next to the forest ranger house Klampehus. The oak is hollow, and has throughout history been used for many things, including church ceremonies and as a shed for peat. Another oak is named Christian V's Oak, named such because Christian V suffered his fatal hunting injury nearby, when he was kicked by a wounded deer. Another old oak is named Ulvedalsegen and is around 600—700 years old. The park is also home to hawthorn, most of it naturally occurring. In the park is a mass grave from the Black Death victims from the 1600s and 1700s. These graves have been planted with hawthorn. Jægersborg Dyrehave is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, listed among the par force hunting landscape in North Zealand. The park was originally established as hunting grounds, for hunts with hounds. The paths of the park reflects this, with a star shaped path system, that would allow the hunters a better view of the hunting dogs. The Hermitage Hunting Lodge is located centrally in the park. It is a former hunting lodge used to host royal banquets after hunts in Dyrehaven. It was built in 1734 36 by architect Lauritz de Thurah.

Lyngby Taarbæk's municipal council consists of 21 members, elected every four years. Below are the municipal council elected since the municipality's creation in 1970. Election Party Totalseats Turnout Electedmayor19706210119Paul Fenneberg (C)1974617211321Ole Harkjær (C)1978611011111981611011219856110211198951102111Kai Aage Ørnskov (C)199351824119975182142001517215Rolf Aagaard Svendsen (C)200552721468.6%200942441668.2%Søren P. Rasmussen (V)20135152115174.0%Sofia Osmani (C)2017421022172.9%Data from Kmdvalg. dk, Statistikbanken. dk and editions of Kommunal Aarbog

The largest industries in Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality, by number of employees, are education, retail and counselling. Consulting companies in the municipality include Alectia and COWI A/S. Companies with their headquarters in the municipality include investment company DADES, one of the largest one of the largest private property investment companies in Denmark. DDC I is a software development company, also with their headquarter located in Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality. Also located in the municipality are coating supplier Hempel and porcelain factory Porcelænsfabrikken Danmark. Catalysis company Haldor Topsøe also have their headquarter in the municipality. Catalysts by Haldor Topsøe are used in production of around 50% of the world's fertilizer.

There are 56,614 people living in Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality (2021). 50.78% are women and 49.22% are men. 81.46% of the municipality are members of the Church of Denmark. Below is the age distribution of the municipality.

There are 9 ground schools, 1 efterskole and 4 independent schools in the municipality, as well as 1 youth school and 2 special schools. The municipality also has a nature school, with available facilities for the schools in the municipality. There is also 2 gymnasium, 1 technical gymnasium, 1 media school and 1 music school. One of the gymnasiums is part of the Copenhagen North Business College, which also offers vocational educations. Also located in the municipality are several schools of higher education: Cphbusiness Lyngby, Copenhagen's Engineer School (Danish: Københavns Maskinmesterskole) and the Technical University of Denmark. Departments of the Technical University of Denmark located in Lyngby Taarbæk include the departments of Mathematics, Micro and Nanotechnology and Veterinary Science. There are 3 libraries in the municipality. One is located in Lyngby, one in Taarbæk and one in Virum.

The S train network connects Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality with the rest of the Greater Copenhagen area. The B and E S trains both service in the municipality, with both making stops at Lyngby station. Both of these lines are part of the Nordbanen rail lines. The B line opened in 1936 and the E line in 1968. A local train line, the Nærum Line, connects Jægersborg station in Hillerød Municipality to areas in Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality and onward to Nærum in Rudersdal Municipality.

The historic Jægersborg Dyrehave in the municipality, means that there are several historic buildings in the municipality. Dyrehavsbakken is an amusement park located by Jægersborg Dyrehave. It is the second largest tourist attraction in Denmark, the first being the Tivoli Gardens. Unlike Tivoli, admission is free in Dyrehavsbakken. It opened in 1583 and is the world's oldest operating amusement park. The origins of the park are said to come from a young girl named Kirsten Piil, who in 1583 found a natural spring in Jægersborg Dyrehave. This spring attracted people from Copenhagen and eventually gathered large crowds, which attracted entertainers, causing the foundation of the amusement park. Frilandsmuseet is an open air museum located in Sorgenfri. It was founded in 1897, but moved to Sorgenfri already in 1901 where founder Bernhard Olsen bought 12 acres of land. It portrayed Danish folklore and stories in authentic surroundings, which it still does today. The museum's collection consists of around 50,000 items. Brede Works (Danish: Brede Værk) is a museum under the National Museum of Denmark. It is an industrial museum, and the largest protected industrial area in Denmark. Also part of the museum is Brede House, the main building originally used by the owner of Brede Works. Frieboeshvile is a country house located in Kongens Lyngby. Its most notable former resident was German diplomat Georg Ferdinand Duckwitz. The house was built in 1756 by August Gynther. The building acts as a museum today. Fæstningskanalen is a canal, built in 1887—88 as part of the Copenhagen fortifications. The maintenance of the canal is taken care of by a community known as 'Fæstningskanalens Venner' (The Friends of Fæstingskanalen). Lottenborg is an inn located in Sorgenfri. The building originates from the 1700s, where the town's gatekeeper (Danish: vangemanden) lived, which gave the house the nickname 'the Gatekeeper's House' (Danish: Vangehuset). The gatekeeper worked on the royal Sorgenfri Castle, and when Princess Charlotte was born in 1789 and the house was renamed to Lottenborg in her honour. Lottenberg eventually became a popular inn, and worked as inn and restaurant for many years. After the death of the owner in 1993, the house was willed to Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality. It was put on sale in 2010 and sold in 2011. Lyngby Storcenter is a mall located in Kongens Lyngby. It first opened in 1973 and underwent a major renovation in 2003. The mall spans 31,000 m2 with over 100 different stores. Lyngby Stadium is a football and athletics stadium located in Kongens Lyngby. It was built in 1949 and renovated in 2013. It has a capacity of approximately 10,000, though at its audience peak it seated 14,794 people in 1991. The stadium is owned by the municipality.

Frederiksdal is a manor house located south of Virum and west of Sorgenfri. It used to be a part of Hjortholm castle, which came under the crown in 1536. Hjortholm was eventually dissolved as an entity, but the land remained under the king until 1668 where Frederik III built a castle. This castle remained as a royal house until Christian VI gave it to his advisor Johan Sigismund Schulin in 1739. The manor has been owned by the Schulin family since. Johan Sigismund Schulin built the current main building in 1744–1747. The manor owns 269 acres, split between 72 acres of agriculture and 197 acres of forest. Sophienholm is a former manor house and a current exhibition venue, located south of Virum. It was built in 1768 by Theodorus Holmskiold. In 1963 it was given to Lyngby Taarbæk Parish Municipality (Danish: Lyngby Taarbæk Sognekommune). Today it displays art exhibitions all year round. Hermitage Hunting Lodge (Danish: Eremitageslottet) is a former hunting lodge located in Jægersborg Dyrehave. The hunting lodge used to host royal banquets after hunts in Jægersborg Dyrehave. It was built in 1734 36 by architect Lauritz de Thurah. Another house previously stood at location of the hunting lodge, with Christian V constructing a lodge in 1694. It was torn down in 1734 to build the current lodge. Carpenter Johan Jeremias Reusse built a construction in 1736, allowing the dining room table to be lowered down into the kitchen below. The construction was removed at the end of the 1700s. The hunting lodge underwent restorations in 1979–1991, and has hosted numerous royal banquets. It is available to the current royal family, and the queen hosts dinners at the hunting lodge.

There are 6 parishes in Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality. Shown in the table below are the populations of each parish, as well as the percentage of that population that are members of the Church of Denmark. All numbers are from 1 January 2021. # Parish Population % Source1Virum11,52271.732Sorgenfri6,52872.643Lundtofte13,51665.334Taarbæk 1,60073.135Kongens Lyngby 13,98363.066Christians 9,30067.61

The coat of arms of Lyngby Taarbæk Municipality is two distinct coats of arms, always portrayed together. On the left is the coat of arms of Lyngby and on the right is the coat of arms of Taarbæk. The coat of arms was first used in 1916. The coat of arms of Lyngby is red with a grey wavy line going across the shield. This line represents the stream Mølleåen, and the three water mill wheels represent the place's history with water mills. Above the grey line is a bronze coloured crown, referring to former crown lands in the area. Also on the coat of arms are three branches of heather (Danish: Lyng), from which the place has its name. The coat of arms of Taarbæk is blue with two silver oars crossing the center along with a boat hook and an eel trap, also portrayed in silver. The fishing equipment refers to the place's history with fishing in Øresund.