Ике және Тина Тернер: Музыкалық дуэттің тарихы

American musical duo

R&B
soul
blues
rock and roll
funk rock

The duo had a string of R&B hits with their early recordings "A Fool In Love", "It's Gonna Work Out Fine", "I Idolize You", "Poor Fool", and "Tra La La La La". The release of "River Deep – Mountain High" in 1966, followed by a tour of the UK with The Rolling Stones, increased their popularity in Europe. Their later works are noted for interpretive soul infused re arrangements of rock songs such as "Come Together", "Honky Tonk Woman", and "Proud Mary", the latter of which won them a Grammy Award in 1972. They have two singles inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, "River Deep – Mountain High" and "Proud Mary". Rolling Stone ranked them No. 2 on its list of the 20 Greatest Duos of All Time. Ike died on December 12, 2007, at age 76, while Tina died on May 24, 2023, at age 83.

In 1954, musician and bandleader Ike Turner visited his sister Lee Ethel Knight in St. Louis, Missouri. By 1956, Turner and his band became one of the most popular live attractions in the St. Louis and neighboring East St. Louis club scene. Prior to his move, Turner worked as a talent scout and session musician for Sun Records, Modern Records, and RPM Records. Around this time, Ann Bullock had moved to St. Louis from Brownsville, Tennessee. She began attending a predominantly African American nightclub, Club Manhattan, where she saw the Kings of Rhythm for the first time. She later recalled that she "almost went into a trance" watching Turner play. Turner was playing B. B. King's "You Know I Love You" on the organ when Bullock chimed in. He was taken aback by her strong voice which was in contrast to her skinny frame. He asked her if she knew more songs, and by the end of the night she had joined the Kings of Rhythm. Still in high school, Bullock performed with Turner on weekends at all of the local clubs. She was one of many other vocalists, mostly male, who would front the band at times. She began dating Turner's saxophonist Raymond Hill, with whom she had her first child, Craig Raymond Turner, born in 1958. In 1958, Bullock sang on "Boxtop" under the name "Little Ann". The single was released on the St. Louis label, Tune Town Records. Bullock later moved into Turner's home in East St. Louis, where she was trained by him on vocal control and performance. Having already booked the studio time, Ike allowed Bullock to record the song as a demo with Lassiter's backing vocalists, the Artettes: Robbie Montgomery, Frances Hodges, and Sandra Harding. During a gig at the Club Manhattan in East St. Louis, Ike played the record which caught the attention of local disc jockey Dave Dixon from the radio station KATZ. This prompted Ike to rename her Tina Turner, however, family and friends still called her Ann. He then trademarked the name for protection, so that if she left he could hire another female artist and have her perform under the moniker "Tina Turner". He chose the name Tina because it rhymed with Sheena, his favorite character, Sheena, Queen of the Jungle. At first they were going to use "Ike Turner and Tina" on the record, but Murray suggested that "Ike and Tina Turner" sounded better. Ike formed the Ike & Tina Turner Revue, which included the Kings of Rhythm, male vocalist Jimmy Thomas, and a trio of female vocalists called the Ikettes. Journalist Kurt Loder described the song as "the blackest record to creep into the white pop charts since Ray Charles's gospel styled 'What'd I Say' the previous summer." That same month, before a gig at Howard Theatre in Washington, D. C., Tina decided to have her hair bleached, but a miscue resulted in her hair falling out. To cover up the incident Ike bought Tina a wig, which became incorporated into her stage appearance. Juggy Murray is credited as the sole producer, but the R&B duo Mickey & Sylvia also contributed to the song. It became Ike and Tina's second million seller, and earned them their first Grammy nomination for Best Rock and Roll Recording at the 4th Annual Grammy Awards. The Ike & Tina Turner Revue toured a grueling series of one nighters throughout the United States on the Chitlin' Circuit, During this period, the revue build a reputation as one of the most explosive R&B ensembles. Their live performances were a musical spectacle comparable to the style of James Brown and the Famous Flames. In 1962, Ike and Tina married in Tijuana, Mexico, and moved their entire band to Los Angeles. In 1963, their last two albums they previously recorded were issued on Sue, Don't Play Me Cheap and It's Gonna Work Out Fine. Also in 1963, Ike purchased a home in View Park with an advance given by Murray for a renewed contract which they didn't sign. Instead, the duo severed ties with Murray who had been their manager during their Sue tenure. In 1964, they signed to Warner Bros. Records and hired Bob Krasnow as their manager. To make sure he always had a record out while on tour, Ike formed various labels such as Teena, Prann, Innis, Sony, Sonja Records. He released singles from vocalists within the revue and other groups as well. While Ike constantly recorded the revue, they performed 300 days out of the year to make up for lack of hit records. The personnel of the Kings of Rhythm and the lineup of Ikettes changed often. In the mid 1960s, Jimi Hendrix briefly played backing guitar in the band. In 1964, Ike and Tina had modest R&B hits with "You Can't Miss Nothing That You Never Had" and "A Fool For A Fool". They released their first live album, Ike & Tina Turner Revue Live, on Kent in November 1964. It was their first album to chart, reaching No. 90 on the Cash Box Top 100. Their first Billboard charting album, Live! The Ike & Tina Turner Show, was released in January 1965 on Warner Bros. Records. It reached No. 126 on Billboard Top LP's and No. 8 on Hot R&B LP's in February 1965. In 1965, the duo had two top 40 Billboard R&B hits with "Tell Her I'm Not Home" on Loma Records and "Good Bye, So Long" on Modern Records. Throughout 1965, the Ike & Tina Turner Revue performed on several teen rock and roll television shows including Shindig!, Hollywood a Go Go, and American Bandstand. Tina and the Ikettes improved their choreography by incorporating high energy dance routines. Phil Spector had seen them perform at a club on the Sunset Strip and invited them to appear in the concert film The Big T. N. T. Show which was filmed on November 29–30, 1965. By the end of the year, the official incarnation of the Ikettes abruptly left and eventually formed the Mirettes. Ike hired another set of Ikettes: Pat Arnold (a. k. a. P. P. Arnold), Gloria Scott, and Maxine Smith. Spector offered $20,000 to release them from their contract and for creative control over his sessions with Tina. After their release from Loma, they signed to Spector's Philles Records label. On March 7, 1966, Tina began recording the Phil Spector/Ellie Greenwich/Jeff Barry composition "River Deep – Mountain High" at Gold Star Studios in Hollywood. The single failed to chart successfully in the United States, reaching No. 88 on the Hot 100. Due to popular demand, Spector released the album in the UK on London Records in September 1966 with liner notes written by Decca's promotion man Tony Hall. Hall included a quote from Spector stating, "We can only assume that England is more appreciative of talent and exciting music than the U. S.". Following their chart success in Britain, they toured with the Rolling Stones as an opening act on their 1966 UK Tour. The successful 12 date tour began at the Royal Albert Hall on September 23 and concluded on October 9 at the Gaumont Theatre. After the tour, the Turners performed at California Ballroom and toured Britain's club circuit to receptive crowds at Tiles, Ricky Tick and the Mojo Club. A few band members were hospitalized, so Turner recruited members from St. Louis to continue the tour. By 1967, the revue started to book bigger venues in the United States. They performed a series of "exclusive deals" during this period, to help increase their finances. As their careers were rising, their personal relationship was deteriorating and Tina attempted suicide before a show in 1968. The first album, Outta Season, peaked at No. 43 on the Billboard R&B LP's chart. It produced the duo's cover of Otis Redding's "I've Been Loving You Too Long", which peaked at No. 23 on the R&B singles chart. In March 1969, Ike and Tina performed at the Grand Gala du Disque in Amsterdam. In May 1969, Ike and the Kings of Rhythm released the album A Black Man's Soul on Pompeii Records. The album earned Ike his first solo Grammy nomination for Best R&B Instrumental Performance at the 12th Annual Grammy Awards. In August 1969, the duo headlined at International Hotel's Casino Theatre in Las Vegas. In September 1969, A&M Records reissued the album River Deep – Mountain High, and for the first time it was issued in the US. The next month The Hunter was released on Blue Thumb, one of their most blues oriented albums which features electric blues guitarist Albert Collins. The title track, "The Hunter", an Albert King cover, reached No. 37 in the R&B singles chart. The album peaked at No. 47 on the R&B albums chart and earned Tina her first solo Grammy nomination for Best R&B Vocal Performance, Female at the 12th Annual Grammy Awards. In 1969, Ike and Tina began performing at rock festivals. They performed at the Newport Pop Festival in Northridge, the Seattle Pop Festival in Woodinville, and the Gold Rush rock music festival in Amador County. In November 1969, Ike and Tina reportedly upstaged the Rolling Stones as the opening act on their 1969 US Tour. Tina emerged as a sex symbol and was praised for sensuality on stage. Their erotic performance of "I've Been Loving You Too Long", filmed during a concert at Madison Square Garden, is featured in the Rolling Stones' 1970 documentary Gimme Shelter. During a concert at Madison Square Garden, Janis Joplin joined the Turners on stage for an impromptu performance of "Land of 1000 Dances." Ike and Tina added rock songs by the Rolling Stones and the Beatles to their repertoire, which was receptive among crowds. Their new label, Minit Records, responded by rushing the release of a studio version of "Come Together".

In January 1970, Ike and Tina performed on The Ed Sullivan Show. Their performance of "Bold Soul Sister" propelled the single to No. 22 on the R&B chart. In March, their single "Come Together" peaked at No. 21 on the R&B chart. In April 1970, their first album on Liberty, Come Together, was released, reaching No. 13 on the R&B albums chart. It charted higher on the Billboard Hot 100 than the original. In July, they headlined the Newport Jazz Festival in Rhode Island and the Schaefer Music Festival at New York's Central Park. That Summer, they were featured in the Isley Brothers concert film It's Your Thing and they filmed Miloš Forman's Taking Off (1971). In October 1970, they headlined the Soul Bowl at Tulane University's Sugar Bowl Stadium; a concert to raise money for disadvantaged minority students. Later that year, they made their first trip to Asia to perform in Siam, China, Japan, and the Philippines. Ike and Tina began performing "Proud Mary" by Creedence Clearwater Revival during their shows in 1969. Ike wasn't fond of the original song, but he liked the cover version by Checkmates, Ltd. Set at first to a slow acoustic rendition sung softly by both Ike and Tina, the song then transformed into a frenetic rock and soul dervish led by Tina and the Ikettes. The single was released in January 1971, reaching No. 4 on the Hot 100 and No. 5 on the R&B chart. It includes the duo's social conscious title track, "Workin' Together", "Funkier Than A Mosquita's Tweeter" penned by Tina's sister Alline Bullock, and notable covers such as "Get Back" and "Let It Be" by the Beatles. In January 1971, Ike and Tina embarked on a European tour that included dates at Midem in Cannes, the Palais d'Hiver in Lyon, and the Olympia in Paris. Their performances received rave reviews. The conservative Le Monde described Ike and Tina as "the voice of desire". Their concert at the Olympia was recorded and released as the album Live In Paris. While in Paris the Turners received the French Jazz Academy Soul award. The following month the soundtrack Soul To Soul was released which featured the Turners. The album peaked at No. 10 on the Billboard Soul LP's chart. In May 1971, Ike and Tina were the opening act for Johnny Mathis at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas; performing for the first time in a main showroom at the hotel. Earlier in the year Liberty Records was absorbed into United Artists Records, where Ike and Tina would remain as a duo. Their first release for the label was the live album, What You Hear Is What You Get, recorded during their concert at Carnegie Hall in April 1971. It peaked at No. 25 on the Billboard 200 and No. 7 on the R&B chart. The album was certified Gold by the RIAA in 1972. In July 1971, Ike and Tina filmed a concert during the Schaefer Music Festival at Central Park. It aired as Good Vibrations from Central Park on ABC TV in August 1971. Also in 1971, they had a top 40 R&B hits with "Ooh Poo Pah Doo" and "I'm Yours (Use Me Anyway You Wanna)". Around this time, the Kings of Rhythm were renamed the Family Vibes. In February 1972, the Turners officially opened their recording studio, Bolic Sound, to the public. The facilities had already been in use for Turner productions since 1970. A few months later they released the album Feel Good. Nine out of the ten tracks on the album were written by Tina. In August, they performed at Nassau County's first major rock festival, Festival of Hope Rockfest, at Roosevelt Raceway to benefit crippled children. In October, they performed "It's Gonna Work Out Fine" on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, which was included on the album Here's Johnny: Magic Moments From the Tonight Show. The duo had moderate R&B chart success with the Tina penned "Up in Heah" in 1972 and a cover of Little Richard's "Early One Morning" in 1973. The single was even more successful in Europe, reaching No. 4 in the UK and No. 1 in Austria. It was also a top 5 hit in several other countries. In 1974, the Turners received the Golden European Record Award, the first ever given, for selling more than one million records of "Nutbush City Limits" in Europe. Their follow up singles "Sweet Rhode Island Red" and "Sexy Ida" did well on the R&B chart and in Europe. A few months later in September, Tina released her first solo album titled Tina Turns the Country On!. Both albums received Grammy nominations at the 17th Annual Grammy Awards. Their gospel album was nominated for Best Soul Gospel Performance. In February 1975, it was announced that Gerhard Augustin, co founder of Beat Club and former head of A&R at United Artists in Munich, became Ike and Tina's manager. He had previously co produced a few of their singles and the album Feel Good (1972). In 1975, Tina starred as the Acid Queen in the rock opera film Tommy. To capitalize off her publicity surrounding the film, a solo album by Tina was released titled Acid Queen. The lead single "Baby, Get It On" became the duo's last charting single together, peaking at No. 31 on the R&B chart. In September 1975, Ike and Tina were co headliners at the Newport Pop Festival—a March of Dimes benefit—at Orange Coast College Stadium in Costa Mesa. In January 1976, they embarked on their second Australian concert tour. In March 1976, they headlined at the Waldorf Astoria in New York City. They also signed a deal with CBS TV for nine television shows revolving around the Ike & Tina Turner Revue with the possibility of it becoming a regular series.

Cash Box magazine was a weekly publication devoted to the music and coin operated machine industries which was published from July 1942 to November 16, 1996. It was one of several magazines that published charts of song popularity in the United States. In 1961, they began a year end survey complied from their weekly Top 100 Best Seller list. +Cash Box Annual Year End SurveyYearNominee / workAwardRankRef.1961Ike & Tina Turner Best New Vocal Groups (R&B) 1Best Newcomers Vocal Group (Singles)17Ike & Tina Turner – "It's Gonna Work Out Fine"Top 50 R&B Singles 5Ike & Tina Turner – "I Idolize You"Top 50 R&B Singles 481962Ike & Tina Turner Best Vocal Groups (Singles) 10Best Vocal Groups (R&B) 2Ike & Tina Turner – "Poor Fool"Top 50 R&B Singles 171964Ike & Tina Turner Best Vocal Groups (R&B) 221965Best Vocal Groups (R&B) 251966Best Vocal Groups (R&B) 241969Best Duos (R&B) 51970Top Duos 5Top Duos (R&B) 21971Ike & Tina Turner – "Proud Mary"Top 100 Chart Hits of 1971 56Top 100 R&B Hits of 197132Top 10 Songs of March 19719Top 10 Songs of April 19719Ike & Tina TurnerTop Duos (albums)3Best Duos (Singles) 2Best Duos (R&B)11972Best Duos (R&B)31973Best Duos (Singles) 3Best Vocal Groups (R&B) 261974Best Duos (Singles) 71975Best Vocal Groups (R&B) 44

Record World magazine (1946–1982) was one of the three main music industry trade magazines in the United States, along with Billboard and Cash Box. The Record World Awards were an annual award given to most successful artists in the US. +Record World AwardsYearNomineeAwardRankRef.1969Ike & Tina TurnerMost Promising Duo (Album)11971Top Duo Singles 2Top Duo (Album) 21972Top Duo R&B 21973Top Duo R&B of the Year 11974Top Vocal Duo (Album)1Top Vocal Duo (R&B Singles)1