Энн Бэнкрофт: Американдық актриса және режиссер өмірі мен шығармашылығы

American actress (1931–2005)
the author

Anne Bancroft (born Anna Maria Louisa Italiano; September 17, 1931 – June 6, 2005) was an American actress and director. Respected for her acting prowess and versatility, Bancroft received an Academy Award, three BAFTA Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, two Tony Awards, two Primetime Emmy Awards, and a Cannes Film Festival Award. She is one of only 24 thespians to achieve the Triple Crown of Acting. Associated with the method acting technique, having studied under Lee Strasberg at the Actors Studio, Bancroft made her film debut in the noir thriller Don't Bother to Knock in 1952, and then appeared in 14 other films over the following five years. In 1958, Bancroft made her Broadway debut with the play Two for the Seesaw, winning the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play. The following year she portrayed Anne Sullivan in the original Broadway production of The Miracle Worker, winning the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play. Following her continued success on stage, Bancroft's film career was revived when she was cast in the acclaimed film adaptation of The Miracle Worker (1962) for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress. Her film career further progressed with Oscar nominated performances in The Pumpkin Eater (1964), The Graduate (1967), The Turning Point (1977), and Agnes of God (1985). Bancroft continued to act in the later half of her life, with prominent roles in The Elephant Man (1980), To Be or Not to Be (1983), Garbo Talks (1984), 84 Charing Cross Road (1987), Torch Song Trilogy (1988), Home for the Holidays (1995), G. I. Jane (1997), Great Expectations (1998), and Up at the Villa (2000). She received multiple Primetime Emmy Award nominations, including for the television films Broadway Bound (1992), Deep in My Heart (1999), for which she won, and The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone (2003). Bancroft died in 2005, at the age of 73, as a result of uterine cancer. She was married to director, actor, and writer Mel Brooks, with whom she had a son, author Max Brooks.

Bancroft was born Anna Maria Louisa (or Luisa) Italiano on September 17, 1931, in the Bronx, New York City, the middle of three daughters of Mildred (née Di Napoli), a telephone operator, and Michael G. Italiano, a dress pattern maker. Both of her parents' surnames were toponymic. Her parents were Italian immigrants from Southern Italy. In an interview, she stated that her family was originally from Muro Lucano, in the province of Potenza, Basilicata, Kingdom of Italy. She was raised in the Roman Catholic faith. Bancroft was raised in Little Italy, in the Belmont neighborhood of the Bronx, attended P. S. 12, later moving to 1580 Zerega Ave. and graduating from Christopher Columbus High School in 1948. She later attended HB Studio, the American Academy of Dramatic Arts,

Bancroft made her screen debut with a major role in the 1952 Marilyn Monroe led psychological thriller Don't Bother to Knock. She appeared in 14 films over the next five years, including Treasure of the Golden Condor (1953), Gorilla at Large (1954), Demetrius and the Gladiators (1954), New York Confidential (1955) and Walk the Proud Land (1956). In 1957, Bancroft was directed by Jacques Tourneur in a David Goodis adaptation, Nightfall. In 1958, she made her Broadway debut as lovelorn, Bronx accented Gittel Mosca opposite Henry Fonda (as the married man Gittel loves) in William Gibson's two character play Two for the Seesaw, directed by Arthur Penn. For this role, she won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play. She reprised her role in the 1962 film version of the play and won the Academy Award for Best Actress, with Patty Duke repeating her own success as Keller alongside Bancroft. As Bancroft had returned to Broadway to star in Mother Courage and Her Children, Joan Crawford accepted the Oscar on her behalf and later presented the award to her in New York.

Bancroft co starred as a medieval nun obsessed with a priest (Jason Robards) in the 1965 Broadway production of John Whiting's play The Devils. Produced by Alexander H. Cohen and directed by Michael Cacoyannis, it ran for 63 performances. Bancroft received a second nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in The Pumpkin Eater (1964). Bancroft achieved stardom when she played the starring role as Mrs. Robinson in the romantic comedy drama The Graduate (1967). In the film, she played an unhappily married woman who seduces the son of her husband's business partner, the much younger recent college graduate played by Dustin Hoffman. Bancroft is one of ten actors to have won both an Academy Award and a Tony Award for the same role (as Annie Sullivan in The Miracle Worker), and one of very few entertainers to win an Oscar, an Emmy and a Tony award. This rare achievement is also known as the Triple Crown of Acting. She followed that success with a second television special, Annie and the Hoods (1974), which was telecast on ABC and featured her husband Mel Brooks as a guest star. She made an uncredited cameo in the film Blazing Saddles (1974), directed by Brooks. She made a career comeback with the ballet drama The Turning Point (1977), followed by the neo noir mystery film Agnes of God (1985), which earned her two nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Bancroft made her debut as a screenwriter and director in Fatso (1980), in which she starred with Dom DeLuise. Bancroft was the original choice to play Joan Crawford in the film Mommie Dearest (1981), but backed out and was replaced by Faye Dunaway. She was also a front runner for the role of Aurora Greenway in Terms of Endearment (1983), but declined so that she could act in the remake of To Be or Not to Be (1983) with Brooks. In 1988, she played Harvey Fierstein's mother in the film version of his play Torch Song Trilogy.

During the 1990s and early 2000s, Bancroft took supporting roles in a number of films in which she co starred with major film stars, including Honeymoon in Vegas (1992), Love Potion No. 9 (1992), Malice (1993), Point of No Return (1993), Home for the Holidays (1995), How to Make an American Quilt (1995), G. I. Jane (1997), Great Expectations (1998), Keeping the Faith (2000), Up at the Villa (2000) and Heartbreakers (2001). She also lent her voice to the animated film Antz (1998). Bancroft also starred in several television movies and miniseries, receiving six Emmy Award nominations (winning once for herself and shared for Annie, The Women in the Life of a Man), eight Golden Globe nominations (winning twice) and two Screen Actors Guild Awards. Bancroft's last appearance was as herself in a 2004 episode of HBO's Curb Your Enthusiasm. She was cast in Spanglish (2004) later that year, but had to bow out due to a medical emergency. Her last project was the animated feature film Delgo, released posthumously in 2008. The film was dedicated to her. Bancroft received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6368 Hollywood Boulevard for her work in television. At the time of her star's installation in 1960, she had recently appeared in several TV series. Bancroft was also a member of the American Theater Hall of Fame, having been inducted in 1992.

Bancroft died of uterine cancer at age 73 on June 6, 2005, at Mount Sinai Hospital in Manhattan. Her death surprised many, including some of her friends, as the intensely private Bancroft had not disclosed any details of her illness. Her body was interred at Kensico Cemetery in Valhalla, New York, near her father, Michael Italiano, and her mother, Mildred Italiano (who died five years after Anne in April 2010). Her final film, Delgo, was dedicated to her memory.

Year Title Role Notes 1952 Don't Bother to Knock Lyn Lesley 1953 Tonight We Sing Emma Hurok 1953 Treasure of the Golden Condor Marie, Comtesse de St. Malo 1953 The Kid from Left Field Marian Foley 1954 Gorilla at Large Laverne Miller 1954 Demetrius and the Gladiators Paula 1954 Katy Bishop 1955 New York Confidential Katherine (Kathy) Lupo 1955 A Life in the Balance María Ibinia 1955 The Naked Street Rosalie Regalzyk 1955 Corinna Marston 1956 Walk the Proud Land Tianay 1956 Nightfall Marie Gardner 1957 Angelita 1957 Beth Dixon 1962 Anne Sullivan Silver Shell for Best Actress 1964 Jo Armitage Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actress 1965 Inga Dyson 1966 7 Women Dr. D. R. Cartwright 1967 Mrs. Robinson 1972 Young Winston Lady Randolph Churchill 1974 Blazing Saddles Extra in Church Congregation Uncredited 1975 Edna Edison 1975 Countess Ursula von Reugen 1975 Urban Living: Funny and Formidable Herself Short film 1976 Lipstick Carla Bondi 1976 Silent Movie Herself 1976 The August Short filmDirector, writer, and editor 1977 Emma Jacklin 1980 Fatso Antoinette Also director and writer 1980 Madge Kendal 1983 To Be or Not to Be Anna Bronski 1984 Garbo Talks Estelle Rolfe 1985 Agnes of God Mother Miriam Ruth 1986 Thelma Cates 1987 84 Charing Cross Road Helene Hanff 1988 Torch Song Trilogy Ma Beckoff 1989 Bert Rigby, You're a Fool Meredith Perlestein 1992 Honeymoon in Vegas Bea Singer 1992 Love Potion No. 9 Madame Ruth 1993 Point of No Return Amanda 1993 Malice Mrs. Kennsinger 1993 Mr. Jones Dr. Catherine Holland 1995 How to Make an American Quilt Glady Joe Cleary 1995 Home for the Holidays Adele Larson 1995 Dracula: Dead and Loving It Madame Ouspenskaya / Gypsy Woman 1996 HomecomingGram 1996 The Sunchaser Dr. Renata Baumbauer 1997 G. I. Jane Sen. Lillian DeHaven 1997 Critical Care Nun 1998 Great Expectations Mrs. Dinsmoor 1998 Mark Twain's America in 3D Narrator Documentary film 1998 Antz Queen Ant (voice) 2000 Up at the Villa Princess San Ferdinando 2000 Keeping the Faith Ruth Schram 2001 Heartbreakers Gloria Vogal / Barbara 2001 In Search of Peace Golda Meir (voice) Documentary film 2008 Delgo Empress Sedessa (voice) Posthumous release Sources:

Year Title Role Notes 1951 Suspense Unknown Episode: "Night Break" 1951 The Ford Theatre Hour Unknown 3 episodes 1950–1951 Studio One in Hollywood Maria Cassini 3 episodes 1951 The Adventures of Ellery Queen Unknown Episode: "The Chinese Mummer Mystery" 1951 Danger Gangster's Moll / Heidi Episodes: "The Killer Scarf" and "Murderer's Face" 1951 The Web Unknown Episode: "The Customs of the Country" 1951 Lights Out Helen Episode: "The Deal" 1951 The Goldbergs JoyceEpisode: "Mother in Law" 1953 Omnibus Paco's Sister Episode: "The Capital of the World" 1953 Kraft Television Theatre Unknown Episode: "To Live in Peace" 1954–1957 Lux Video Theatre Various roles 5 episodes 1956–1957 Climax! Audrey / Elena Episodes: "Fear Is the Hunter" and "The Mad Bomber" 1957 Playhouse 90 Isobel Waring/Julie Bickford Episodes: "So Soon to Die" and "Invitation to a Gunfighter" 1957 Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre Isabelle Rutledge Episode: "Episode in Darkness" 1957 The Alcoa Hour Alegre / Giselle Episodes: "Key Largo" and "Hostages to Fortune" 1958 The Frank Sinatra Show Carol Welles Episode: "A Time to Cry" 1960 Person to Person Herself Episode: "7.35" 1960 Gala Adlai on Broadway Herself / Performer Television film 1962 Password All Stars Herself Episode: "Anne Bancroft vs. Robert Goulet" 1962–1964 What's My Line? Herself / Mystery Guest 3 episodes 1964 Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre Faye Benet Garret Episode: "Out on the Outskirts of Town" 1967 ABC Stage 67 Virginia Episode: "I'm Getting Married" 1969 The Kraft Music Hall Herself Episode: "2.23" 1970 Arthur Penn, 1922–: Themes and Variants Herself Television documentary film 1970 This Is Tom Jones Herself Episode: "3.1" 1970 Annie: The Women in the Life of a Man Various Characters Television special 1974 Annie and the Hoods Herself / Host Television film 1977 Jesus of Nazareth Mary Magdalene Miniseries 1978 The Stars Salute Israel at 30 Herself Television film 1978 Lørdagshjørnet Herself Episode: "Mel Brooks" 1978 The Wonderful World of Disney Herself Episode: "Mickey's 50" 1979 The Muppets Go Hollywood Herself Television special; uncredited 1980 Shōgun Narrator (voice) Miniseries; US version 1982 Marco Polo Marco's mother Miniseries 1982 Bob Hope's Women I Love: Beautiful, But Funny Herself Television special 1983 An Audience with Mel Brooks Herself Television special 1990 Freddie and Max Maxine "Max" Chandler 6 episodes 1992 Broadway Bound Kate Jerome Television film 1992 Mrs. Cage Lillian Cage Television film 1994 Oldest Living Confederate Widow Tells All Lucy Marsden (age 99–100) Television film 1994 Great Performances Mrs. Fanning Episode: "Paddy Chayefsky's 'The Mother 1994 Dr. Zweig (voice) Episode: "Fear of Flying" 1996 Homecoming Abigail Tillerman Television film 1998 The Secret World of 'Antz Herself Television documentary film 1998 Living with Cancer: A Message of Hope Narrator Television documentary film 1999 Deep in My Heart Geraldine "Gerry" Eileen Cummins Television film 1999 AFI Life Achievement Award: A Tribute to Dustin Hoffman Herself Television special 2000 The Rosie O'Donnell Show Herself Episode: "5 May 2000" 2000 The Living Edens Narrator (voice) Episode: "Anamalai: India's Elephant Mountain" 2001 Exhale with Candice Bergen Herself Episode: "16 November 2001" 2001 Haven Mama Gruber Television film 2003 Contessa Television film 2004 Curb Your Enthusiasm Herself Episode: "Opening Night"

Year Association Category Work Result1958Tony AwardsBest Featured Actress in a PlayTwo for the Seesaw1959Tony AwardsBest Actress in a PlayThe Miracle Worker1963Academy AwardsBest ActressThe Miracle WorkerBritish Academy Film AwardsBest Foreign ActressNational Board of ReviewBest ActressSan Sebastián International Film FestivalBest ActressGolden Globe AwardsBest Actress – Motion Picture DramaLaurel AwardsTop Female Dramatic Performance1965Academy AwardsBest ActressThe Pumpkin EaterBritish Academy Film AwardsBest Foreign ActressGolden Globe AwardsBest Actress – Motion Picture DramaCannes Film Festival AwardsBest ActressLaurel AwardsTop Female Dramatic Performance1968Academy AwardsBest ActressThe GraduateGolden Globe AwardsBest Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or MusicalLaurel AwardsTop Female Dramatic Performance1969British Academy Film AwardsBest Actress in a Leading Role1970Primetime Emmy AwardsOutstanding Variety or Musical Program – Variety and Popular MusicAnnie: The Women in the Life of a Man1973British Academy Film AwardsBest Actress in a Leading RoleYoung Winston1976British Academy Film AwardsThe Prisoner of Second Avenue1978Academy AwardsBest ActressThe Turning PointNational Board of Review AwardsBest ActressGolden Globe AwardsBest Actress – Motion Picture DramaBritish Academy Film AwardsBest Actress in a Leading RoleTony AwardsBest Actress in a PlayGolda1980Taormina Film FestivalGolden Charybdis AwardFatso1984Golden Globe AwardsBest Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or MusicalTo Be or Not to Be1985Golden Globe AwardsGarbo Talks1986Academy AwardsBest ActressAgnes of GodGolden Globe AwardsBest Actress – Motion Picture Drama1987Golden Globe Awards'night, Mother1988British Academy Film AwardsBest Actress in a Leading Role84 Charing Cross Road1990Golden Raspberry AwardsWorst Supporting ActressBert Rigby, You're a Fool1992Primetime Emmy AwardsOutstanding Supporting Actress – Miniseries or a MovieBroadway BoundOutstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a MovieMrs. Cage1994Primetime Emmy AwardsOutstanding Supporting Actress – Miniseries or a MovieOldest Living Confederate Widow Tells All1996Screen Actors Guild AwardOutstanding Cast in a Motion PictureHow to Make an American Quilt1997Screen Actors Guild AwardsOutstanding Actress in a Miniseries or Television MovieHomecoming1999Primetime Emmy AwardsOutstanding Supporting Actress – Miniseries or a MovieDeep in My Heart2001Primetime Emmy AwardsHaven2003Primetime Emmy AwardsThe Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone2004Screen Actors Guild AwardsOutstanding Actress in a Miniseries or Television Movie