Питсфорд: Ең көне ауыл және Эри каналының тарихы

Pittsford is a village in Monroe County, New York, United States. The population was 1,355 at the 2010 census. It is named after Pittsford, Vermont, the native town of a founding father. The Village of Pittsford is the oldest village in New York, incorporated in 1827. The village, an Erie Canal community, is in the Town of Pittsford. Pittsford is a suburb of Rochester, New York.

Pittsford is located at (43.089013, 77.515239). According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.7 square miles (1.8 km), of which 0.7 square mile (1.7 km) is land and 0.04 square mile (0.1 km) (4.35%) is water. Pittsford is located seven miles (11 km) southeast of Rochester in western New York State. The village is bisected by the historic Erie Canal.

Pittsford is the oldest of Monroe County's ten incorporated villages. The village was the site of a spring fed pond which attracted the first European Americans. Israel Stone, the village's first settler, built the village's first structure, a log house next to the pond, in 1789. The town of Pittsford surrounding the village was established in 1789 and was originally named Northfield. Pittsford's original hamlet settlement was located a mile south of the current village. In the second decade of the nineteenth century the opening of a new east–west highway (now NYS Route 31) and the surveying of the proposed Erie Canal route caused settlement to migrate northward to the Four Corners area. Early Pittsford served as the governmental seat for the town of Northfield, comprising most of what is now eastern Monroe County. The settlement contained the county's first school (1794), the first library (1803), the first permanent church (1807), the first post office (1811), and the first newspaper (1815). In 1813, after the surrounding towns were organized, reducing Northfield's territory, the name Pittsford was adopted to honor the Vermont birthplace of Colonel Caleb Hopkins, a farmer, community leader and hero from the War of 1812. Pittsford's first church began meeting in 1803. The congregation survives today as the First Presbyterian Church located on Church Street. Pittsford prospered as a local trading center due to its location at the intersection of the primary road between the mills at the Genesee Falls in Rochesterville and Canandaigua, the region's oldest and largest town and the new east–west road (now New York State Route 31). In 1816, Samuel Hildreth established the area's first stage coach line, eventually putting Pittsford at the center of a large stage network covering much of western New York. Pittsford grew rapidly after the opening of the Erie Canal in 1822 and was incorporated as a village on July 4, 1827. Local entrepreneurs profited from both canal construction and other businesses which benefited from the canal trade. Pittsford's excellent agricultural soil led to the early and successful development of commercial agriculture. Because of its superior waterpower, Rochester soon eclipsed Pittsford as Monroe County's dominant economic and population center. Pittsford grew slowly through the middle of the nineteenth century. One result of Pittsford's mid century decline was that unlike other local towns, many of Pittsford's earliest buildings have survived. Boosted by the arrival of the Rochester & Auburn railroad in 1834, Pittsford remained an important shipping center for local grains and produce until the late twentieth century. Village industries included a flour mill, lumberyards, produce warehouses, a malt house and several fruit dry houses. The present charm of the Village's waterfront is due to the survival of historic canal warehouses, mills and silos, which in recent years have been rehabilitated for offices, boutiques, and restaurants. Beginning in the 1870s, the village and town of Pittsford once again began to grow. In the second half of the nineteenth century wealthy Rochesterians began to establish country estates in and around the village. These estates were the first step in Pittsford's evolution from a farming community into a suburb of Rochester. Three of these grand homes remain within the village. Pittsford Farms, the oldest of the three village estates, was established in the 1860s by Jarvis Lord, a canal contractor. The property has retained its historic appearance and remains today a working farm, owned by descendants of the Zornow family. The farm's dairy plant continues to bottle milk in returnable glass containers. The Town of Pittsford has purchased the development rights to this farm and seven others to ensure their open space remains for generations to come. During the first quarter of the twentieth century, the construction of the Rochester & Eastern Trolley line and growing automobile ownership placed Pittsford within easy commuting distance of Rochester. During the early twentieth century, a number of infrastructure improvements were completed in the village including a water system, paved streets, storm and sanitary sewers, and electric street lights. These decades also witnessed the development of new village neighborhoods of four square, Craftsman and Colonial Revival homes. The establishment of four country clubs and two colleges just outside the village contributed to the village's desirability as a premium suburban residential community. By the 1950s Pittsford began to experience significant population growth from suburban residential development. As the area surrounding the village continued to grow, residents became increasingly concerned about the effects of this growth on the village. Increasing traffic, demolition of historic buildings, commercial encroachment into historic neighborhoods, and the loss of open space led to the beginning of grass roots preservation efforts. Over the last fifty years, residents, business people, and government officials have worked cooperatively to preserve, enhance and revitalize Pittsford Village. Among the community's accomplishments are the restoration of numerous village buildings, the establishment of a historic preservation district, the redevelopment of the village's Erie Canal waterfront for commercial and recreational use, and the preservation of farmland through the town's purchase of development rights. Today the Village of Pittsford is widely admired for the preservation of its historic character and its charming walkable business district. The Hildreth Lord Hawley Farm, Hopkins Farm, Adolph Lomb House, Phoenix Building, Pittsford Village Historic District, Spring House, and Thomas Youngs House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.