Резиновый бридж: правила и основы игры.

Card game
Rubber bridge is a form of contract bridge played by two competing pairs using a particular method of scoring. A rubber is completed when one pair becomes first to win two games, each game presenting a score of 100 or more contract points; a new game ensues until one pair has won two games to conclude the rubber. Owing to the availability of various additional bonus and penalty points in the scoring, it is possible, though less common, to win the rubber by amassing more total points despite losing two games out of three. Rubber bridge involves a high degree of skill but there is also a fair amount of luck involved in who gets the best cards. A popular variation of rubber bridge is known as Chicago.

Rubber bridge is played with a standard deck of 52 cards. From high to low, the cards are ranked A, K, Q, J, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, and 2. Suits are ranked Spades , Hearts , Diamonds , Clubs Four players play in two partnerships, with partners sitting opposite each other. Gameplay rotates clockwise around the table.

At the beginning of the rubber, cards are drawn to determine partnerships and the dealer of the first hand. A pack of cards is spread face down on the table and each player takes a card, but not from the ends. The player with the highest card deals the first hand and has choice of seat. The player with the second highest card partners with the dealer against the other two. The dealer selects a pack of cards and passes it to the player on their left to be shuffled. Dealer, who may give the cards a quick shuffle at this point, then passes it to be cut by the player on their right. They then deal one card at a time clockwise starting with the player on their left. Meanwhile, if a second pack is being used, dealer's partner shuffles it and places it on their right, ready for the next dealer. This speeds up play and maintains the dealing order because there is always a shuffled pack of card on the dealer's left and each side deals the same pack throughout the rubber. The deal rotates clockwise after each hand until the rubber is completed.

The contract to be played is determined by an auction in which the players bid for the number of tricks they will make and the trump suit or no trumps. A bid consists of the number of tricks above six one needs to make and the denomination; e. g. "1" is seven tricks with clubs as trumps, "3NT" is nine tricks with no trump suit. The dealer bids first. At their turn players may either: pass, bid to make a higher contract, "double" an opponent's contract (which increases the penalties for failing to make the contract or the points for making the contract) or "redouble" their side's doubled contract which doubles the points again. A player may bid again after an initial pass. The auction ends when any bid is followed by three consecutive passes. If all four players pass the hand is passed in and the deal rotates. as published by the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL).

Rubber bridge is the traditional form of contract bridge and remains the most common variant for club or home based social games, usually played with a fixed number of hands. It is not used for ACBL sanctioned duplicate play. It gained a lot of publicity after a celebrated match, referred to as the "Bridge Battle of the Century", was held December 1931 to January 1932 between teams led by Ely Culbertson and Sidney Lenz. A total of 150 rubbers were played, and was ultimately won by the Culbertson team by a margin of 8,980 points. The match was a success both for the game itself and the concepts of bidding as promoted by Culbertson.