Action Force: История европейских боевых действий 80-х

Action Force is a brand of European action figures released in the 1980s that was based on the Action Man toyline. It was also used to introduce G. I. Joe: A Real American Hero toys to European markets. Several publishing companies have produced comic books based on the figures.

Following the success of the first range of figures, a second and larger group of figures was launched in 1983. Action Force sales accounted to about one million over six months in 1983, and the offering was expanded to include a new wave of figures and vehicles that were released in 1984. Z Force: an allied infantry and artillery based unit. SAS Force: an allied special operations team. Q Force: an allied ocean based team. Space Force: an allied space operations team. Red Shadows: the unified enemy force, led by Baron Ironblood. The fifth team was to have been characterized as a 'special weapons' unit, initially believed to be called 'F Force'. Later research revealed a pair of photographs from a toy catalog which showed the figures in different color schemes, along with vehicles featuring an 'SWS' logo instead. The catalog photographs also showed US G. I. Joe vehicles, which were released as part of the SAS Force and Z Force groups. These vehicles included a white and grey Jeep, a white artillery piece and a white missile battery. Both the action figures and the vehicles borrowed elements from the first generation models and the new casts licensed from the G. I. Joe toyline from Hasbro. There was also an Action Force fan club promoted both on the figures' packaging and in the Battle Action Force comic book. In 1984, additional figures and vehicles were cast, borrowing heavily from the G. I. Joe and Cobra ranges. During this time, the Action Force toyline branched out into video games, audio stories on cassette tapes, stationery, and toiletries.

In 1985, Palitoy ceded control of the European market to Hasbro following the death of Alfred Pallett, one of Palitoy's owners, and the winding up of operations at their Leicester factory. Hasbro purchased the Palitoy factory, copyrights, and moulds and began to package G. I. Joe figures under the Action Force brand. In characterization terms, this move marked the end of the subgrouping of the Action Force team, and a new unified Action Force (or AF) also faced a new enemy in the name of Cobra.

Following the demise of the Battle Action Force strips, a weekly Action Force comic was launched by Marvel UK on 8 March 1987, consisting of reprints of the US G. I. Joe comic book and new UK exclusive short strips. The G. I. Joe comics were adjusted to fit into the UK strip's continuity and had all references to G. I. Joe replaced with Action Force, and the UK exclusive strips maintained a separate continuity from the US G. I. Joe comic. The Action Force comic was canceled in 1988 after fifty issues due to low sales and was replaced with Action Force Monthly, which was itself canceled after fifteen issues. The Action Force Monthly title printed new stories as well as reprinting stories from the weekly title. The magazine was released in the US under the title G. I. Joe – European Missions. In late 1989, the G. I. Joe story reprints were continued in the UK Transformers comic under the name G. I. Joe the Action Force to conform to the toyline. The reprints changed back to G. I. Joe until they were dropped in 1991. In 1995, Panini Comics obtained the Marvel UK licence and began publishing an Action Man comic the following year without reference to Action Force or G. I. Joe.

In 2005 and 2007, the Action Force characters were partially revived. The Red Shadows organization was featured in the two part Dawn of the Red Shadows storyline in G. I. Joe: A Real American Hero (vol. 2) #42 and #43, following a series of mysterious attacks against both G. I. Joe and Cobra. This Red Shadows organization was led by Wilder Vaughn, a British military officer gone rogue, and viewed organized governments as corrupt and in need of removal. After this appearance, where they caused substantial damage, they have not seen again; Vaughn made a cameo in the Black Major uniform in a later storyline, stating Cobra had decimated the organization off panel. The Action Force characters Quarrel, Moondancer, Hunter and Blades made cameo appearances in G. I. Joe: America's Elite issue #30 as representatives of NATO.

The second generation Action Force figures were also released in West Germany during the 1980s, albeit without the benefit of a comic book tie in. The German toys went under the title of Action Force and fought the "Terror Bande" (roughly translated as "Terror Gang"). The German release consisted only of the first wave of second generation figures and characters (some 30 figures and vehicles), however, the characters and vehicles were still grouped in their subunits: anti terror team (or ATT) corresponding to Z Force; the special anti terror team (or SATT) corresponding to SAS Force; the deep sea anti terror team (or TSATT) corresponding to Q Force; and the space anti terror team (or WATT) corresponding to Space Force. Distributors, still concerned by Germany's actions during World War II, modified certain aspects of the Action Force range to appear less violent. According to researchers of the German Palitoy range, most of the guns supplied with the figures were replaced by "less violent" stun weapons, laser weapons or knives. Also, the human skull on the Red Shadow (or Terror Bande) figures was removed from the toyline.

Action Force characters have appeared as limited edition toys and comic characters as part of the International G. I. Joe Convention, under the name Special Action Force or SAF (a riff on the SAS; not to be confused with the Philippines' real life Special Action Force). Instead of being an international group, the Special Action Force is solely a British team and that nation's equivalent to G. I. Joe, though they have several foreign expatriate members. In August 2009, a limited edition Blades (complete with "SAF Copter") was released in both toy and comic book character form as part of the 2009 G. I. Joe convention. He was portrayed as British rather than retaining the American nationality of the original character and assisted both G. I. Joe and their Argentine counterpart Commandos Heroicos. In April 2010 the Red Shadows and Black Major returned in o ring style articulation form as part of the G. I. Joe convention. Dubbed 'Vacation in the Shadows' the set featured new versions of Black Major, the Red Shadow trooper, Flint and Cobra's Interrogator as well as six new 'Red Torch' figures who were part of the Red Shadow forces, armed with flamethrowers. In addition to the box set, other convention releases included Dolphin of Q Force, a 3in Natalie Poole figure – based on the 1990s Action Man character and retroactively made an SAF agent – and Z Force's Jammer and Gaucho (who appeared in a three pack with a new version of Joe medic Lifeline). Unlike Blades, Jammer and Gaucho kept their American and Mexican nationalities. Starduster appeared in the comic tie in. The convention comic featured Flint vacationing in Europe with Dolphin and Natalie before running afoul of Black Major and Interrogator, who were planning an alliance between Cobra and the Red Shadows. In a twist ending, Natalie is brainwashed into being a Shadows sleeper agent.