Католическая миссия в Нидерландах после Реформации

Catholic missionary district in the Netherlands after the Protestant Reformation
The Holland Mission or Dutch Mission (Hollandse Zending or Hollandse Missie) was the common name of a Catholic Church missionary district in the Low Countries from 1592 to 1853, during and after the Protestant Reformation in the Netherlands.

According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, the founding of the diocese of Utrecht dates back to Francia, when St. Ecgberht of Ripon sent St. Willibrord and eleven companions on a mission to pagan Frisia, at the request of Pepin of Herstal. The Diocese of Utrecht (Dioecesis Ultraiectensis) was erected by Pope Sergius I in 695. In 695 Sergius consecrated Willibrord in Rome as Bishop of the Frisians. John Mason Neale explained, in History of the so called Jansenist church of Holland, that bishops "became warriors rather than prelates; the duties of their pastoral office were frequently exercised by suffragans, while they themselves headed armies against the Dukes of Guelders or the Counts of Holland." Adalbold II of Utrecht "must be regarded as the principal founder of the territorial possessions of the diocese," according to Albert Hauck, in New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, especially by the acquisition in 1024 and 1026 of the counties of Drenthe and Teisterbant; but, the name "Bishopric of Utrecht" is not used in the article. Debitum pastoralis officii nobis was Pope Leo X's 1517 prohibition to the Archbishop Elector of Cologne, Hermann of Wied, as legatus natus, to summon, to a court of first instance in Cologne, Philip of Burgundy, his treasurer, and his ecclesiastical and secular subjects. efn|Joosting and Muller noted that Leo X also promulgated another bull, in which he commissioned that the Bishop of Utrecht, his treasurer and his subjects informed that they were empowered to disregard privileges formerly granted to others and to prosecute offenders while setting aside formerly specified legal process.

The diocese was elevated to an archdiocese in 1559. The hanging of the nineteen Martyrs of Gorkum in Brielle in 1572 is an example of the persecution which Catholics suffered. efn|Changes of this nature were not regulated by canon law, according to Hove who wrote in 1909. "For two centuries after the [1648] Peace of Westphalia much of Holland was under apostolic vicars as mission territory, as England was in the same period; although some areas had archpriests dependent on the nuncios in Cologne and Brussels." In the early 18th century there was a grave internal conflict around the apostolic vicars Johannes van Neercassel and Petrus Codde, who were accused of Jansenism. This resulted in the founding of the Old Catholic Church of Utrecht in 1723, a schism of several thousand leading Dutch Catholics breaking with the Roman Holy See. In 1725, in an attempt to stimulate the schismatic church and weaken the Catholic presence in the Netherlands, the Calvinist States General banned the apostolic vicars from the United Republic.