Мейр Зореа: генерал, политик и участник ключевых событий Израиля

IDF general and Israeli politician

Meir "Zarro" Zorea MC (, born Meyer Zarodinsky on 14 March 1923, died 24 June 1995) was a general in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and later a member of the Knesset. He earned distinction through his combat actions in World War II and in the 1948 Arab Israeli War. He was a founder of Democratic Movement for Change, an initially successful but short lived centrist party.

Zorea was born in Chişinău, Bessarabia (then part of the Kingdom of Romania, now in Moldova) in 1923, and moved with his parents to Mandatory Palestine in 1925. He studied at the Arieli school in Haifa. He joined the Haganah at age 16, and was a member of the Special Night Squads and Notrim. After completing his studies at the Hebrew Reali School, he enlisted in the British Army was a teenager at the outbreak of World War II, but in 1942 joined the 20th company of the Buffs, which was recruited from Palestine's Jews, and after September 1944 the Jewish Brigade, a temporary combatant military element of the British military composed of Jews from Palestine led by British Jewish officers. During late winter in 1945, the Jewish Brigade took part in combat against the German Army at the Senio River Valley (near Bologna, Italy). After two difficult months, the brigade emerged from the engagement battered, yet victorious. Then a second lieutenant, Zorea was awarded the British Military Cross for leading his men through intense fire, allowing spotters to pinpoint German positions. Eventually, Zorea attained the rank of Captain before the brigade was dissolved in 1946. and later commander of Israel's tank corps, and Director of Operations. At the time, Zorea was considered a candidate for eventual appointment as Chief of General Staff, the highest position in the IDF. In 1959, after the Night of the Ducks scandal that brought Israel to domestic and foreign crisis, Zorea was removed from his position as director of operations. He was reassigned as commander of Northern Command, succeeding Yitzhak Rabin, who in turn replaced Zorea as the new director of operations. In 1962, Zorea retired from the IDF as a major general. He participated in the Israeli capture of Adolf Eichmann, who stood trial and was later executed. Later on, during the 1967 Six Day War, Zorea led his tank corps into the Sinai Peninsula to capture Sharm el Sheikh from Egyptian forces. In the 1980s, Zorea was involved in the investigation of the Kav 300 affair, wherein some Israeli soldiers were suspected of killing two captured Arab terrorists.

As a civilian, Zorea was a member of the Israeli Scouts Movement and a founder of kibbutz Ma'agan Michael. He also served as a police cadet.

Zorea remained active in service of the State of Israel well after retirement from the military. From 1973 to 1974, Zorea served as Soldiers' Ombudsman. From 1976 to 1977, he served as director of the Israel Lands Authority. While originally a member of the left wing Mapam Party, Zorea joined with Professor Yigael Yadin in 1976 to form Democratic Movement for Change, a centrist party formed by an alliance of former members of the Alignment and Likud parties. One of the party's stated goals was to introduce a national constitution into Israeli Law. Zorea was elected to the Knesset in the 1977 elections in which Dash won 15 seats (making it the third largest in the Knesset), and the party joined Menachem Begin's coalition government. While serving in the Knesset, Zorea became a member of the House Committee, the finance committee, and the Foreign Affairs & Defense Committee. However, the party began to disintegrate and Zorea resigned from the Knesset in 1978, less than a year after entering it. In 1984 he headed a committee of inquiry into the Bus 300 Affair. He died in 1995, at the age of 72.