Улитка Румина (Rumina decollata): описание и распространение

Species of gastropod
Speciesbox
| name = Rumina decollata
| image = Rumina decollata 0106. JPG
| image caption = A live individual of the decollate snail
| status = LC
| status system = IUCN3.1
| status ref =
| status2 = G5
| status2 system = TNC
| status2 ref =
| taxon = Rumina decollata
| authority = (Linnaeus, 1758)
| synonyms =
Bulimus bavouxi Coquand, 1862 (junior subjective synonym)
Bulimus decollatus Draparaud, 1805
Helix decollata Linnaeus, 1758
Orbitina incomparabilis (Germain, 1930)
Orbitina truncatella (Germain, 1930)
Rumina decollata cylindrica It is a European species that has been introduced in a number of areas worldwide.

Rumina decollata var. cruda Monterosato, 1892
Rumina decollata var. cylindrica Monterosato, 1892
Rumina decollata var. dentata Pallary, 1922
Rumina decollata var. fusca Pallary, 1899
Rumina decollata var. maura Crosse, 1873
Rumina decollata var. pellucida Monterosato, 1892
Rumina decollata var. solida Monterosato, 1892
Rumina decollata var. striatula Pallary, 1920

This species is native to the Mediterranean excluding south east Mediterranean. It is introduced in Israel and in Egypt since Roman times. It has been introduced into North America, including Phoenix and Glendale, Arizona, and other areas Fresno, California
Also found in southern Brazil, and in Great Britain, as a "hothouse alien".

The shell of the decollate snail is long and roughly cone shaped. It grows to approximately in length and a width of , and upon reaching mature size, grinds or chips off the end of its own shell by moving its body roughly against hard surfaces, so that the shell takes on a decollate shape, tapering to a blunt end.

Sexual maturity occurs at approximately 10 months. An adult is capable of laying 500 eggs in its lifetime. The eggs are deposited singly in the soil and hatch within 10–45 days. Rumina decollata is a voracious predator, and will readily feed upon common garden snails and slugs and their eggs. The snail eats plant matter as well, but this generalist predator is indiscriminate in its feeding and has been implicated in the decimation of native gastropods (including non pest species) and beneficial annelids. Decollate snails are tolerant of dry and cold conditions, during which they burrow deep into the soil. They are most active during the night and during rainfall.