Надувные аттракционы: виды, безопасность и применение.

Temporary inflatable structure for play

Inflatable castles (also called bounce houses, bouncing houses, jumpy house, bouncing castles, bouncy houses, jumping castles, jumpers, jolly jumps, bouncy castles, moon bounces, closed inflatable trampolines [CITs], or moonwalks) are temporary inflatable structures and buildings and similar items that are rented for backyard and block party functions, school and church festivals and village fetes and used for recreational purposes, particularly for children, but have been found recently being used for teens and adult parties. The growth in the use of such devices has led to a rental industry that includes inflatable slides, inflatable water slides, obstacle courses, and giant games, carnival games, and more. Inflatables are ideal for portable amusements because they are easy to transport and store. Inflatables have been marketed under several names, such as "Bounce House", "Bouncies", "Moon Bounce", "Boingalow", "Astrojump", "Moonwalk", "Jolly Jump", and "Spacewalk" "inflatable bounce house". Inflatable castles have been suggested as having some therapeutic value for children with certain sensory impairments, similar to ball pits.

The surfaces are typically composed of thick, strong PVC or vinyl and nylon, and the castle is inflated using an electric or petrol powered blower. The principle is one of constant leakage, meaning small punctures are not a problem – a medium size "bouncy castle" requires a fan with a mechanical output of about two horsepower (about 1.5 kW) and consumes around 2 kW of electrical power, allowing for the efficiency of the motor. UK and Australian bouncy castles have specifications calling for fully inflated walls on three sides with an open front and foam "crash mats" to catch children who may jump or fall out of the structure. Modern moonwalks in the US are typically supported by inflatable columns and enclosed with netting. The netting allows for supervision as adults can see in from all sides. Another type of home use inflatable has evolved, with a blower pumping in air continuously. Pores in the seams and material allow air to escape as children play, while the blower continues to inflate the unit. This category has emerged as a response to parents who wish to buy an inflatable for home use.

In 2005, the most stringent standards in the construction of an inflatable amusement were adopted nationally in Australia, forming Federal Standard AS3533.4. This was a landmark safety standard bringing the toughest design/construction/operation standards to the inflatable industry of Australia. In 2006 the European Union (EU) followed and introduced similar standards throughout EU called EN14960:2006 which was then updated in 2013 to EN14960:2013. While bouncy castle manufacturers adhere to voluntary standards, no national safety standards exist in the U. S., although some states such as Pennsylvania and New Jersey require that inflatables pass engineering and safety standards before allowing the equipment to be rented out. In 2017, roughly 25 U. S. states had regulations governing permits, inspections and insurance, although a private investigation by the Pew Charitable Trust has shown significant shortcomings by industry operators and regulators to do their part. North Carolina requires amusements rides, including inflatables, to be inspected annually by the North Carolina Department of Labor (NCDOL). For inflatables to pass inspection, operators in North Carolina are required to have all training records, a current certificate of insurance, and device manuals. Inflatables that are damaged and not safe will not pass inspection until they are repaired.

There are also inflatable obstacle courses that allow for participants to have races/sword fights and compete against one another. These are commonly rectangular in shape, but can also be square if the course is maze like. Most obstacle courses have two lanes, but some can have three or four. They feature various such as pop up obstacles, climbing areas, slides, and tunnels. These are the best choice for very large events since participants move through them quickly.

The phrase "inflatable park" may refer to both a collection of portable inflatables set up temporarily as one attraction, or a permanent attraction consisting of inflatables.

Some inflatables are designed to allow games such as boxing rings, water football, penalty shootouts, basketball, rumbling, tug of war, and gladiator duels. These interactive inflatable games are made out of the same material that a continuous airflow bounce house is made of. Quad tracks are also popular and provide the perimeter for quad bike racing.