Пылевые плазмы: свойства, исследования и применение

A plasma containing millimeter to nanometer sized particles
A dusty plasma is a plasma containing micrometer (10−6) to nanometer (10−9) sized particles suspended in it. Dust particles are charged and the plasma and particles behave as a plasma. Dust particles may form larger particles resulting in "grain plasmas". Due to the additional complexity of studying plasmas with charged dust particles, dusty plasmas are also known as complex plasmas. Specifically designed laboratory experiments

Dusty plasmas are interesting because the presence of particles significantly alters the charged particle equilibrium leading to different phenomena. It is a field of current research. Electrostatic coupling between the grains can vary over a wide range so that the states of the dusty plasma can change from weakly coupled (gaseous) to crystalline. Such plasmas are of interest as a non Hamiltonian system of interacting particles and as a means to study generic fundamental physics of self organization, pattern formation, phase transitions, and scaling.

Interest in the dynamics of charged dust in plasmas was amplified by the detection of spokes in the rings of Saturn. and is the force contribution from radiation pressure. This is given as:

The direction of the force vector, is that of the incident radiation of photon flux The radius of the dust particle is Dust particles, ranging from nano to millimeter size, can be produced due to damage to plasma facing components (PFCs) caused by high particle and heat fluxes. In fusion devices like ITER, disruptions caused by dust could significantly damage PFCs, and in vessel dust inventory limits must be met. In some cases, dust (powders) can play a positive role, such as in situ wall conditioning, suppression of edge localized modes, and reduction of heat fluxes to the divertor.