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Fairwood is an unincorporated community and census designated place (CDP) in King County, Washington, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 19,396.

Fairwood is located at (47.447062, 122.143586), 16 mile (26 km) southeast of downtown Seattle. The Fairwood CDP is bordered to the north and west by the city of Renton and to the east by the Maple Heights Lake Desire CDP, which shares a ZIP Code (Renton's 98058) with Fairwood. Population and demographic statistics in this article are only for the Fairwood CDP, not the larger mailing area. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of
The Fairwood area occupies a plateau which extends from the bluffs of the Cedar River valley on the north down toward State Route 167 and the Kent Valley on the west.

There are three major arterials that run through Fairwood. Petrovitsky Road runs east/west through Fairwood's commercial core and many of its neighborhoods. It stretches from downtown Renton, near the Boeing Renton Factory, and Boeing Commercial Aviation; where many Fairwood residents work, to Maple Valley, winding through the rural timberland, ranches, and farms of eastern Fairwood. 140th Avenue runs north/south adjacent to the Fairwood shopping centers and Soos Creek. It stretches from Maple Valley highway on the north and leads 9 miles to Green River Community College by way of Kent's east hill. State Route 169 (Maple Valley highway) on the northern end of Fairwood provides short access to Interstate 405.

Fairwood fire protection and emergency medical services are provided by Fire Districts 40 and 37. The Fire District 40 station is located on Petrovitsky Road in the center of Fairwood. The King County Sheriff provides policing services to the area.

Residents are employed at a slightly higher rate than the rest of the County and the median income is $85,000 (versus $69,000 for King County). More than half of the workers in the Fairwood area work in south King County with less than a 30 minute commute. A significant number of Fairwood workers are in professional, management and sales jobs (70%).

On the national level, Cascade Fairwood leans towards candidates of the Democratic Party. Democrat John Kerry received about 56 percent of the vote in 2004 to Republican George W. Bush's 43 percent. Despite this, there are a number of pockets where the Republican Party often wins marginal majorities. The Cascade area (approximately a population of 17,000), which included much of unincorporated Benson Hill north of SE 200 Street and west of 128th Avenue SE, voted to be annexed by the city of Renton in 2007, effective March 1, 2008. The remaining unincorporated area of King County, which is primarily the Fairwood community, has the option of annexing to the city of Renton or incorporating as a city. In February 2005, the Fairwood Task Force filed a Notice of Intent to Incorporation with King County, to establish a new City of Fairwood. This attempt to incorporate was narrowly defeated in the election held on September 19, 2006. In that election, 48.22% of the votes were for incorporation; a swing of only 136 votes in the election would have changed the result. The process to form a City of Fairwood was restarted by the Fairwood Municipal Initiative when it filed another Notice of Proposed Incorporation with King County, Washington on April 16, 2007. As of October 2008, the incorporation effort is now under the jurisdiction of the King County Boundary Review Board (BRB) and a consulting firm hired by the BRB is conducting an economic feasibility study for the proposed city of Fairwood. On November 3, 2009 Proposition 1 to incorporate a city of Fairwood failed again, as it did in 2006. Efforts are also ongoing to annex the Fairwood area into the city of Renton. Additionally, the Red Mill area of the Fairwood PAA is presently undertaking a separate petition method annexation. On November 2, 2010, 57.6% of voters voted against a proposition to annex Fairwood to Renton.